http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Effects of Fabric Surface Energy on Human Thermophysiological Responses during Exercise and Recovery
Zhou, L.Y.,Li, Y.,Chung, J.,Tokura, H.,Gohel, M.D.I.,Kwok, Y.L.,Feng, X.W. The Korean Fiber Society 2007 Fibers and polymers Vol.8 No.3
The present paper reports a study on influences of fabric surface energy of cotton and polyester garments on clothing microclimates and human thermophysiological responses during intermittent exercise and recovery. Eight healthy males wearing the garments prepared performed exercises and rest according to the following protocol: rest for 30 min, run on treadmill for total 60 min of three sessions with different intensity and duration, and then sit quietly for 30 min for recovery, all at $30^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 30 %, while the microclimate humidity ($H_{mc}$) and temperature ($T_{mc}$), the clothing outside surface humidity ($H_{co}$) and temperature ($T_{co}$), the skin temperatures and ear canal temperature ($T_{ear_canal})$ were measured. The garments are made of: (a) hydrophilic and hydrophobic cotton knitted fabrics, and (b) hydrophilic and hydrophobic polyester knitted fabrics. During and after exercise, for cotton, hydrophilic garment resulted in significant lower ${\Delta}H_{mc}$, ${\Delta}H_{co}$, ${\Delta}T_{mc}$, during recovery, higher ${\Delta}{\bar{T}}_{sk}$, lower ${\Delta}T_{ear_canal}$ and ${\Delta}T_{forehead}$. For polyester, hydrophilic garment resulted in significantly lower ${\Delta}H_{co}$, ${\Delta}T_{co}$, higher ${\Delta}T_{forehead}$, during E1, E2 and recovery session but lower during E3. In summary, surface energy of cotton garments had significant influences on human thermophysiological responses during exercise and recovery, and hydrophilic cotton garment was better than hydrophobic one to reduce heat stress. Surface energy of polyester garments had influences of lower significance, and hydrophilic garment appeared better than hydrophobic garment.
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
Yu, X. Z.,Onose, Y.,Kanazawa, N.,Park, J. H.,Han, J. H.,Matsui, Y.,Nagaosa, N.,Tokura, Y. Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2010 Nature Vol.465 No.7300
Crystal order is not restricted to the periodic atomic array, but can also be found in electronic systems such as the Wigner crystal or in the form of orbital order, stripe order and magnetic order. In the case of magnetic order, spins align parallel to each other in ferromagnets and antiparallel in antiferromagnets. In other, less conventional, cases, spins can sometimes form highly nontrivial structures called spin textures. Among them is the unusual, topologically stable skyrmion spin texture, in which the spins point in all the directions wrapping a sphere. The skyrmion configuration in a magnetic solid is anticipated to produce unconventional spin??electronic phenomena such as the topological Hall effect. The crystallization of skyrmions as driven by thermal fluctuations has recently been confirmed in a narrow region of the temperature/magnetic field (T??B) phase diagram in neutron scattering studies of the three-dimensional helical magnets MnSi (ref. 17) and Fe<SUB>1−x</SUB>Co<SUB>x</SUB>Si (ref. 22). Here we report real-space imaging of a two-dimensional skyrmion lattice in a thin film of Fe<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>Si using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. With a magnetic field of 50??70 mT applied normal to the film, we observe skyrmions in the form of a hexagonal arrangement of swirling spin textures, with a lattice spacing of 90 nm. The related T??B phase diagram is found to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. In this two-dimensional case, the skyrmion crystal seems very stable and appears over a wide range of the phase diagram, including near zero temperature. Such a controlled nanometre-scale spin topology in a thin film may be useful in observing unconventional magneto-transport effects.
Anisotropy in the Lattice Dynamics in the Charge-Orbital Ordered Phase: a Raman Spectroscopic Study
이윤상,J.P. He,Y. Kaneko,T. Arima,Y. Tokura 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.6
We investigated the polarization-dependent Raman-active phonon spectra in a single domain of half-doped Eu1/2Ca3/2MnO4 with charge-orbital ordering. While the Raman spectra in both polarizations commonly exhibit the robust development of two phonon modes, Jahn-Teller and breathing modes, below the charge-orbital ordering temperature, the intensities of the modes are found to be polarization dependent. These behaviors are discussed in relation to the CE-type ordering and the resultant electronic anisotropy.
Charge and Orbital-Ordering-Induced Charge-Polarized State in Bilayer Manganite
Yunsang Lee,T Arima,T Tokunaga,T Lottermoser,Y Tokura,Y. K Seo 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.5
We have investigated a new type of electronic charge-polarized state in bilayer manganite, Pr(Sr$_{0.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$)$_{2}$Mn$_{2}$O$_{7}$ (PSCMO). The PSCMO compound has two charge-orbital ordering (CO-OO) states with respect to the direction of the orbital stripe, which is clearly identified by addressing the optical anisotropy. Notably, a charge-polarized state is formed in the lower-temperature CO-OO state where the $c$-axis stacking patterns of the lattice and the charge modulations along the $b$-axis match with each other. We detail the correlation among the transport, the optical and the structural properties in the charge and orbital-ordering-induced charge-polarized states in bilayer manganite.
Kim, J. S.,Kwak, B. K.,Shim, H. J.,Lee, Y. C.,Baik, H. W.,Lee, M. J.,Han, S-M.,Son, S. H.,Kim, Y. B.,Tokura, S.,Lee, B. M. Taylor & Francis 2007 Journal of microencapsulation Vol.24 No.5
<P> A new form of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DRH)-containing chitosan microspheres (CMs) was prepared by employing an expanding-loading-shrinking (E-L-S) process. One hundred mg of pre-formed CMs were soaked in absolute ethanol and then placed in reduced pressure (the expanding process). Ten mg of DRH (2 mg ml-1) were added into the expanded CMs (the loading process). Next the microspheres were freeze-dried (the shrinking process). As a result of this E-L-S process, 10% (w/w) DRH-containing CMs (DRH-CM) were made. During 7 days, 22.6% of the DRH was observed to be released on the in vitro drug release study. In addition, these new DRH-CMs could be used for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) procedure in VX2 hepatic tumour models of rabbit and the anti-tumour effects of DRH-CMs were investigated. On the post-CT scan 7 days after the TACE, total infarctions of the VX2 tumour were observed in 5 rabbits among the 6 total rabbits.</P>