Chicken serum uric acid level is regulated by glucose transporter 9

Ding Xuedong,Peng Chenglu,Li Siting,Li Manman,Li Xinlu,Wang Zhi,Li Yu,Wang Xichun,Li Jinchun,wu Jinjie 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: Glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) is a uric acid transporter that is associated with uric absorption in mice and humans; but it is unknown whether GLUT9 involves in chicken uric acid regulation. This experiment aimed to investigate the chicken GLUT9 expression and serum uric acid (SUA) level. Methods: Sixty chickens were divided into 4 groups (n = 15): a control group (NC); a sulfonamide-treated group (SD) supplemented with sulfamonomethoxine sodium via drinking water (8 mg/L); a fishmeal group (FM) supplemented with 16% fishmeal in diet; and a uric acid-injection group (IU), where uric acid (250 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once a day. The serum was collected weekly to detect the SUA level. Liver, kidney, jejunum, and ileum tissues were collected to detect the GLUT9 mRNA and protein expression. Results: The results showed in the SD and IU groups, the SUA level increased and GLUT9 expression increased in the liver, but decreased in the kidney, jejunum, and ileum. In the FM group, the SUA level decreased slightly and GLUT9 expression increased in the kidney, but decreased in the liver, jejunum, and ileum. Correlation analysis revealed that liver GLUT9 expression correlated positively, and renal GLUT9 expression correlated negatively with the SUA level. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that there may be a feedback regulation of GLUT9 in the chicken liver and kidney to maintain the SUA balance; however, the underlying mechanism needs to be investigated in future studies. Objective: Glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) is a uric acid transporter that is associated with uric absorption in mice and humans; but it is unknown whether GLUT9 involves in chicken uric acid regulation. This experiment aimed to investigate the chicken GLUT9 expression and serum uric acid (SUA) level.Methods: Sixty chickens were divided into 4 groups (n = 15): a control group (NC); a sulfonamide-treated group (SD) supplemented with sulfamonomethoxine sodium via drinking water (8 mg/L); a fishmeal group (FM) supplemented with 16% fishmeal in diet; and a uric acid-injection group (IU), where uric acid (250 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once a day. The serum was collected weekly to detect the SUA level. Liver, kidney, jejunum, and ileum tissues were collected to detect the GLUT9 mRNA and protein expression.Results: The results showed in the SD and IU groups, the SUA level increased and GLUT9 expression increased in the liver, but decreased in the kidney, jejunum, and ileum. In the FM group, the SUA level decreased slightly and GLUT9 expression increased in the kidney, but decreased in the liver, jejunum, and ileum. Correlation analysis revealed that liver GLUT9 expression correlated positively, and renal GLUT9 expression correlated negatively with the SUA level.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that there may be a feedback regulation of GLUT9 in the chicken liver and kidney to maintain the SUA balance; however, the underlying mechanism needs to be investigated in future studies.

One-Pot Synthesis of Nanodendritic PtIr Alloy with High Electrochemical Activity for Ethylene Glycol Oxidation

Xuedong Gao,Lulu Liu,Qiyu Wang,Kun Qi,Zhao Jin,WEITAO ZHENG,XIAOQIANG CUI 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2017 NANO Vol.12 No.2

Nanodendritic Pt-based bimetallic alloys are one promising catalyst with three-dimensional (3D) networks structure composed of integrating branches for electrochemical catalytic reaction. We successfully synthesized dendrites Pt6Ir4 alloy with small size of 20 nm in oleylamine. The dendritic Pt6Ir4 alloy are characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical tests suggest that the as-prepared dendritic Pt6Ir4 alloy exhibits greatly enhanced ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) activity than commercial Pt/C with high EGOR mass activity, anti-poisoning and stability.

The effects of plant extracts on lipid metabolism of chickens — A review

Ding Xuedong,Giannenas Ilias,Skoufos Ioannis,Wang Jing,Zhu Weiyun 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.5

The fat deposition is an important factor affecting chicken meat quality, which is closely related to lipid metabolism of chickens. Therefore, it is important to regulate the lipid metabolism of chickens to improve the chicken meat quality. Plant extracts have special regulatory effects on animal’s growth and health and have been widely used in chicken breeding. Some plant extracts have been reported to have functions of changing the fatty acid composition, reducing abdominal fat percentage, and enhancing the intramuscular fat content of chickens by improving the antioxidant capacity, regulating the expression of genes, enzymes, and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, modulating intestinal microbiota, affecting hormones level, and regulating DNA methylation. This paper reviewed the application and mechanism of plant extracts on regulating lipid metabolism of chickens to provide a reference for the further application of plant extracts in chicken breeding.

Frequency-Dependent Nonlinear Dynamic Stiffness of Aerostatic Bearings Subjected to External Perturbations

Puliang Yu,Xuedong Chen,Xiaoli Wang,Wei Jiang 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

The dynamic characteristics of aerostatic bearings are critical to the performances of ultra-precision manufacturing equipment. Dynamic characteristics have recently been recognized to be significant to the dynamic stiffness of aerostatic bearings, and related research has seldom been reported up till now. In this paper, numerical simulations and experiments are carried out to investigate the influence of perturbations on the dynamic stiffness of aerostatic bearings. The thrust bearings of an aerostatic bearing spindle are selected for simulations and experiments, while the journal bearing is used as frictionless guide way. Dynamic mesh method is adopted to simulate the variation of gas film, and numerical simulations are performed by using ANSYS-Fluent-software based on the perturbation theory. Perturbations are generated via voice coil motor under different conditions in experiments. Simulations and experimental results reveal that the dynamic stiffness is much more sensitive to the perturbation frequency rather than the nanoscale perturbation amplitude. For the same amplitude of displacement perturbations, the axial stiffness coefficient increases whereas the axial damping coefficient decreases with the increase of perturbation frequency. It indicates that the dynamic stiffness of aerostatic bearings can be significantly improved by using active control of the gas film to generate perturbations with high frequency.

Arrays of horizontal carbon nanotubes of controlled chirality grown using designed catalysts

Zhang, Shuchen,Kang, Lixing,Wang, Xiao,Tong, Lianming,Yang, Liangwei,Wang, Zequn,Qi, Kuo,Deng, Shibin,Li, Qingwen,Bai, Xuedong,Ding, Feng,Zhang, Jin Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Nature Vol.543 No.7644

<P>The semiconductor industry is increasingly of the view that Moore's law-which predicts the biennial doubling of the number of transistors per microprocessor chip-is nearing its end(1). Consequently, the pursuit of alternative semiconducting materials for nanoelectronic devices, including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), continues(2-4). Arrays of horizontal nanotubes are particularly appealing for technological applications because they optimize current output. However, the direct growth of horizontal SWNT arrays with controlled chirality, that would enable the arrays to be adapted for a wider range of applications and ensure the uniformity of the fabricated devices, has not yet been achieved. Here we show that horizontal SWNT arrays with predicted chirality can be grown from the surfaces of solid carbide catalysts by controlling the symmetries of the active catalyst surface. We obtained horizontally aligned metallic SWNT arrays with an average density of more than 20 tubes per micrometre in which 90 per cent of the tubes had chiral indices of (12, 6), and semiconducting SWNT arrays with an average density of more than 10 tubes per micrometre in which 80 per cent of the nanotubes had chiral indices of (8, 4). The nanotubes were grown using uniform size Mo2C and WC solid catalysts. Thermodynamically, the SWNT was selectively nucleated by matching its structural symmetry and diameter with those of the catalyst. We grew nanotubes with chiral indices of (2m, m) (where m is a positive integer), the yield of which could be increased by raising the concentration of carbon to maximize the kinetic growth rate in the chemical vapour deposition process. Compared to previously reported methods, such as cloning(5,6), seeding(7,8) and specific-structure-matching growth(9-11), our strategy of controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics offers more degrees of freedom, enabling the chirality of as-grown SWNTs in an array to be tuned, and can also be used to predict the growth conditions required to achieve the desired chiralities.</P>

Paste Stability and Desizability of Poly(Sodium Allyl Sulfonate)-g-Starch-g-Poly(Ethyl Acrylate) Used as Warp Sizing Agent

Wei Li,Qian Liu,Guoyu Zhang,Xuedong Cheng,Yingfeng Wang,Zhenzhen Xu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.8

This work aimed to evaluate the paste stability and desizability of new starch grafted copolymer [poly(sodium allylsulfonate)-g-starch-g-poly(ethyl acrylate)] (PSAS-g-starch-g-PEA) for providing an important supporting role in sizingapplication. The PSAS-g-starch-g-PEA samples were prepared by grafting reaction of acid-thinned starch (AHS) with SASand subsequent with EA in water phase. The PSAS-g-starch-g-PEA granules were characterized by Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Also, paste stability was assessed and desizability was investigatedin terms of desizing efficiency, swelling ability of the film and time interval for the break of starch film in water. Comparedwith control AHS, the PSAS-g-starch-g-PEA had higher paste stability, desizing efficiency and swelling ability, and lowertime interval required, concluding that the PSAS and PEA branches could promote the paste stability and desizability ofstarch. Increasing the number of both branches facilitated the paste stability and desizability. PSAS-g-starch-g-PEA displayedpotential value in textile sizing field.

In-vitro assessment of the accuracy and reliability of mandibular dental model superimposition based on voxel-based cone-beam computed tomography registration

Gaofeng Han,Jing Li,Shuo Wang,Yan Liu,Xuedong Wang,Yanheng Zhou 대한치과교정학회 2019 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.49 No.2

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of a newly designed method to achieve mandibular dental model superimposition, using voxel-based cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) registration. Methods: Fourteen dry cadaveric mandibles and six teeth extracted from patients with severe periodontitis were used to establish 14 orthodontic toothmovement models. The protocol consisted of two steps: in the first step, voxel-based CBCT mandible superimposition was performed; the reference comprised the external portion of the symphysis, extending to the first molar. The laser-scanned dental model image was then integrated with the CBCT image to achieve mandibular dental model superimposition. The entire process required approximately 10 minutes. Six landmarks were assigned to the teeth to measure tooth displacement, using tooth displacement on the superimposed laser-scanned mandibles as the reference standard. Accuracy was evaluated by comparing differences in tooth displacement based on the method and the reference standard. Two observers performed superimposition to evaluate reliability. Results: For three-dimensional tooth displacements, the differences between the method and the reference standard were not significant in the molar, premolar, or incisor groups (p > 0.05). The intraclass correlation coefficients for the inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of all measurements were > 0.92. Conclusions: Our method of mandibular dental model superimposition based on voxel registration is accurate, reliable, and can be performed within a reasonable period of time in vitro, demonstrating a potential for use in orthodontic patients.

Cancer-associated fibroblast-secreted exosomal miR-423-5p promotes chemotherapy resistance in prostate cancer by targeting GREM2 through the TGF-β signaling pathway

Shan Guang,Gu Juan,Zhou Daoping,Li Lingxun,Cheng Wei,Wang Yueping,Tang Tian,Wang Xuedong 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Therapeutic failure in prostate cancer (PC) is believed to result from its unusually invasive and metastatic nature. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential in the tumor microenvironment. We intended to study the role of CAF-derived exosomes in the context of PC and the potential regulatory mechanism associated with miR-423-5p and GREM2. CAF-derived exosomes decreased the chemosensitivity of parental PC cells and enhanced the drug resistance of drug-resistant cells. PC-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes carrying miR-423-5p increased the resistance of PC to taxane by inhibiting GREM2 through the TGF-β pathway. Inhibition of the TGF-β pathway partially reversed the increased drug resistance in PC cells induced by CAF-derived exosomes. Inhibition of miR-423-5p enhanced the drug sensitivity of PC cells in vivo. We showed that CAF-secreted exosomal miR-423-5p promoted chemotherapy resistance in PC by targeting GREM2 through the TGF-β pathway. This study may allow the development of novel approaches for PC.

Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide and hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharide on the quality of wheat flour and extruded flour products

Yuan Ke,Beibei Ding,Yang Fu,Miaomiao Zhang,Shensheng Xiao,Wenping Ding,Heng Yang,Qingyun Lv,Zhuo Zheng,Xuedong Wang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.7

Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) andhyriopsis cumingii polysaccharide (HCP) on the quality ofwheat flour and corresponding extruded flour productswere investigated in this work. The results showed thatboth COS and HCP are conducive to the improvement ofdough quality. Moreover, compared to control groupsamples, the moisture content, expansion ratio and oilabsorption rate of the samples were increased and thehardness were decreased with the addition of COS. Thesephenomena indicate the quality of extruded flour productsbecame better in the presence of COS as well. However,HCP has little or no effect on the quality of extruded flourproducts may be due to its degradation under high temperatureand pressure extrusion. COS with higher stabilityexhibited better improvement effects on the quality ofextruded flour products and showed a promising prospectfor application in extruded food industry.