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Numerical Study of Ion Orbits in EAST Plasmas with a Current-reversal Equilibrium Configuration
Yi-jun Zhong,Xue-yu Gong,Ye-ming Hu,Xin-xia Li 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.11
By solving the Grad-Shafranov equation in the cylindrical coordinate system, we numerically obtain the tokamak plasma equilibrium configurations of the conventional mode and the high-to-lowfield- side current-reversal equilibrium mode (HL-CREC) by using the discharge parameters for the Experimental Advanced Superconductor Tokamak (EAST). By coupling with the particle’s motion equation, we obtain the orbits of trapped particles and passing particles under both equilibrium configurations. We find that the orbit of the passing particle in the HL-CREC is wholly confined on the low-field side and that the half width of the banana orbit of trapped particles increases greatly compared with those in the conventional equilibrium configuration. In addition, the ion loss is studied based on the Monte Carlo method. The results show that for ions near the plasma edge, a much high ion loss rate can be obtained in HL-CREC than that in the conventional equilibrium configuration.
Compaction techniques and construction parameters of loess as filling material
Hu, Chang-Ming,Wang, Xue-Yan,Mei, Yuan,Yuan, Yi-Li,Zhang, Shan-Shan Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.15 No.6
Loess often causes problems when used as a filling material in the construction of foundations. Therefore, the compaction technique, shear behavior, and bearing capacity of a filled foundation should be carefully considered. A series of tests was performed in this study to obtain effective compaction techniques and construction parameters. The results indicated that loess is strongly sensitive to water. Thus, the soil moisture content should be kept within 12%-14% when it is used as a filling material. The vibrating-dynamic combination compaction technique is effective and has fewer limitations than other methods. In addition, the shear strength of the compacted loess was found to increase linearly with the degree of compaction, and the soil's compressibility decreased rapidly with an increase in the degree of compaction when the degree of compaction was less than 95%. Finally, the characteristic value of the bearing capacity increased with an increase in the degree of compaction in a ladder-type way when the degree of compaction was within 92%-95%. Based on the test data, this paper could be used as a reference in the selection of construction designs in similar engineering projects.
( Jia-yi Dou ),( Yu-chen Jiang ),( Zhong-he Hu ),( Kun-chen Yao ),( Ming-hui Yuan ),( Xiao-xue Bao ),( Mei-jie Zhou ),( Yue Liu ),( Zhao-xu Li ),( Li-hua Lian ),( Ji-xing Nan ),( Yan-ling Wu ) 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.3
The present study focused on the potential mechanism of betulin (BT), a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the bark of white birch (Betula pubescens), against chronic alcohol-induced lipid accumulation and metaflammation. AML-12 and RAW 264.7 cells were administered ethanol (EtOH), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or BT. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets containing 5% EtOH for 4 weeks, followed by single EtOH gavage on the last day and simultaneous treatment with BT (20 or 50 mg/kg) by oral gavage once per day. In vitro, MTT showed that 0-25 mM EtOH and 0-25 μM BT had no toxic effect on AML-12 cells. BT could regulate sterolregulatory-element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), lipin1/2, P2X7 receptor (P2X7r) and NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) expressions again EtOH-stimulation. Oil Red O staining also indicated that BT significantly reduced lipid accumulation in EtOH-stimulated AML-12 cells. Lipin1/2 deficiency indicated that BT might mediate lipin1/2 to regulate SREBP1 and P2X7r expression and further alleviate lipid accumulation and inflammation. In vivo, BT significantly alleviated histopathological changes, reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride (TG) levels, and regulated lipin1/2, SREBP1, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α/γ (PPARα/γ) and PGC-1α expression compared with the EtOH group. BT reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors and blocked the P2X7r-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Collectively, BT attenuated lipid accumulation and metaflammation by regulating the lipin1/2-mediated P2X7r signaling pathway.
( Jing Yi ),( Bin Dong ),( Yong Gang Xue ),( Ning Li ),( Peng Gao ),( Yu Xin Zhao ),( Ling Ling Dai ),( Xiao Hu Dai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2
Microbial community shifts, associated with performance data, were investigated in an anaerobic batch digester treating high-solid food waste under mesophilic conditions using, a combination of molecular techniques and chemical analysis methods. The batch process was successfully operated with an organic removal efficiency of 44.5% associated with a biogas yield of 0.82 L/g VSremoval. Microbial community structures were examined by denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis. Clostridium and Symbiobacterium organisms were suggested to be mainly responsible for the organic matter catabolism in hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions. The dynamics of archaeal and methanogenic populations were monitored using real-time PCR targeting 16S rRNA genes. Methanosarcina was the predominant methanogen, suggesting that the methanogenesis took place mainly via an aceticlastic pathway. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens were also supported in high-solid anaerobic digestion of food waste through syntrophism with syntrophic bacterium. Microbial community shifts showed good agreement with the performance parameters in anaerobic digestion, implying the possibility of diagnosing a high-solid anaerobic digestion process by monitoring microbial community shifts. On the other hand, the batch results could be relevant to the start-up period of a continuous system and could also provide useful information to set up a continuous operation.
Jian-yi Liu,Xue-yi Hu,Lei Zhang,Yong-Mei Xia 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-
Nonylphenol polyethoxylate (NPEOn) has been expected to enhance salt tolerance of system containingcarboxylates, but banned in countries recently. Herein, a group of new surfactants, nonylcyclohexanolpolyethoxylate (NCEOn) was formulated with sodium oleate (NaOA) into binary surfactant systems, toinvestigate their interaction towards salt tolerance, phase behavior, interface tension and lime soap dispersingrequirement in brine with comparison of NPEO10. The results indicate that the salt tolerance ofNaOA-NCEOn system increased with increasing NCEOn concentration and EO number, following the ordertowards the salts: SO42- > Cl- for anions and Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ for cations, respectively. Moreover, cloudpoint (CP) of NaOA-NCEOn system was increased by adding NaOA but decreased by introducing inorganicsalts, respectively. The influence strength of cationic ions on CP decline was in the order: Na+ < Mg2+ <Ca2+. The thermodynamic parameters at CP explains the difference in salt tolerance of NaOA towardsmonovalent and divalent cations. Notably, the NCEO11(0.02 %)-NaOA (0.05 %) system exhibited similaror superior salt-tolerance in NaCl (20 %) or CaCl2 (2 %) brine, as NPEO10 did. The solubility of NaOA in saline(0.1 %-5%) was up to thousand folds of that in water, suggesting NCEOn a green substitute for NPEO10in the field.
Yan, Changzeng,Xue, Xiaolan,Zhang, Wenjun,Li, Xiaojie,Liu, Juan,Yang, Songyuan,Hu, Yi,Chen, Renpeng,Yan, Yaping,Zhu, Guoyin,Kang, Zhenhui,Kang, Dae Joon,Liu, Jie,Jin, Zhong unknown 2017 Nano energy Vol.39 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To produce hydrogen and oxygen from photocatalytic overall splitting of pure water provides a promising green route to directly convert solar energy to clean fuel. However, the design and fabrication of high-efficiency photocatalyst is challenging. Here we present that by connecting different nanostructures together in a rational fashion, components that cannot individually split water into H<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> can work together as efficient photocatalyst with high solar-to-hydrogen (STH) energy conversion efficiency and avoid the use of any sacrificial reagent. Specifically, Te/SnS<SUB>2</SUB>/Ag artificial nanoleaves (ANLs) consist of ultrathin SnS<SUB>2</SUB> nanoplates grown on Te nanowires and decorated with numerous Ag nanoparticles. The appropriate band structure of Te/SnS<SUB>2</SUB> p-n junctions and the surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles synergistically enhance the quantum yield and separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. As a result, Te/SnS<SUB>2</SUB>/Ag ANLs enable visible-light driven overall water-splitting without any sacrificial reagent and exhibit high H<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> production rates of 332.4 and 166.2μmolh<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. Well-preserved structure after long-term measurement indicates its high stability. It represents a feasible approach for direct H<SUB>2</SUB> production from only sunlight, pure water, and rationally-designed ANL photocatalysts.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Te/SnS<SUB>2</SUB>/Ag ANLs heterostructure is prepared to catalyze overall water splitting. </LI> <LI> The catalyst show impressive H<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> production rate under visible light. </LI> <LI> The structure and efficiency of catalyst shows no degradation after 10 days. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Experimental study on deformation and strength property of compacted loess
Mei, Yuan,Hu, Chang-Ming,Yuan, Yi-Li,Wang, Xue-Yan,Zhao, Nan Techno-Press 2016 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.11 No.1
A series of experimental studies are conducted on the deformation and shear strength property of compacted loess. The results reveal that the relationships of both the initial moisture content (w) and the initial degree of compaction (K) of compacted loess with cohesion (w) and the angle of internal friction (${\varphi}$) are linear. The relationship between the secant modulus ($E_{soi}$) and K is also linear. The relationship between $E_{soi}$ and w can be fitted well by a second-order polynomial. Further, when the influences of w and K are ignored, the relationship between the confined compression strain (${\varepsilon}$) and vertical pressure (p) can be expressed by a formula. A correction formula for the deformation of compacted loess caused by a change in w and K is derived on the basis of the study results.
A facile enzymatic synthesis of partial glycerides in an up-flow column reactor
Hui-da Wan,Xue-yi Hu,서양곤,Yong-Mei Xia 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.5
A facile solvent-free synthesis of partial glycerol caprylates/caprates was studied using an enzyme packed bed reactor (EPBR). In the up-flow EPBR, without addition of molecular sieves or vacuum, the highest conversion of caprylic acid reached 90.2% in 4 h. As a comparison, a same reaction executed in an enzyme batch reactor (EBR) present the highest conversion of caprylic acid of 88% in 9 h with similar reaction conditions. In addition, the EPBR represented a good operating stability than that in EBR. The conversion decrement was only 6.5% for caprylic acid and 4.5% for capric acid after 30 runs (180 h),respectively.