A Re-examination on Zhuru Mingdao Ji

( Fang Xudong ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2010 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.13

作者通過對《諸儒鳴道集》的年代及編者問題的討論質疑了晩近學界的一個看法, 卽認爲《諸儒鳴道集》比起朱熹所編的權威道學文獻(如《伊洛淵源錄》、《近思錄》)更能眞實地反映道學初期的面貌。文章提出, 不應過高估計《諸儒鳴道集》對道學史的參考价値, 道學史不必因此而改寫。作者還對《諸儒鳴道集》收錄的程學周邊六家之書有關佛老的言論做了考察, 尤其是對前人沒有硏究的《迂書》和《元城語錄》做了仔細分析, 最后得出結論認爲:這些著作或不无襲用佛老言語, 但其中幷无爲佛老張目之文字, 其所鳴之道爲儒家之道无可可疑, 此六家被《宋史》作者排除《道學傳》外, 難稱公允。 The author refutes a recently view that zhuru mingdao ji reflects more truly the image of Dao Xue School in the early stage than some authoritative literatures of Dao Xue School such as yiluo yuanyuan lu and jinsilu which edited by Zhu Xi, after discussion of the question about the writing time and editor. The paper holds that it shouldn’t be overvalued zhuru mingdao ji for the history of Dao Xue School. This paper investigates the texts about comparing Confucian with Buddhist and Taoist, which are included in the works of six scholars who are excluded from Biographies of Dao Xue School in Sung Dynasty History. The author especially studies at Yu Shu and Yuancheng Yulu which have not been discussed by now. The paper concludes that the principles of these six scholars are certainly Confucian. [Article in Chinese]

Chu Tsu’s Discussion of Kuei-shen: Centered on His Interpretations on Chapter 16 in The Doctrine of The Mean

( Fang Xudong ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2007 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.7 No.-

本文以朱子對《中庸》“鬼神”章的詮釋爲中心考察了他對鬼神的界說。在朱子的話語系統中, 關于鬼神, 存在三種不同的界說, 那就是:作爲氣之屈伸往來;作爲陰陽或陰陽之靈;作爲精氣。這些理解在朱子那里對應于不同的語境:屈伸往來是指一氣而言;陰陽之靈是指二氣而言;精氣是指人身而言。當朱子着意進行辨析時, 鬼神的不同意謂以及相應語境界限分明, 但在實際言說中, 他又常常越過這些界限、一槪而論, 從而給后人造成理解上的一定困難。朱子之所以常常越過不同意謂以及相應語境去說鬼神, 是因爲在他心中, 陰陽生死鬼神精氣魂魄屈伸這些槪念相互粘連, 可劃爲兩邊:陰、死、鬼、精、魄、屈是一邊, 陽、生、神、氣、魂、伸是一邊, 凡屬一邊者皆可類比, 分屬兩邊者皆可對擧。 This paper investigates Chu Tsu’s definitions of kuei-shen (Ghosts and Spirits), centering on his interpretations in chapter 16 in The Doctrine of The Mean. There are three different definitions of kuei-shen in Chu Tsu’s discourse: one as the movement of chi (material-force); one as yin (the passive or the female element) and yang (the active or the male element) or the spirit of yin and yang; and another as the jing(spirit) and chi. These definitions are used in different context, the one as movement refers to one chi, the one the spirit of yin and yang refers to double chi, and the one as jing and chi refers to the body. When Chu Tsu has a mind to distinguish them, the meaning and context of each usage is very clear for him. While in his everyday speech, he usually disregards the difference, which makes the later readers feel difficult to understand his real intention. What makes Chu Tsu go beyond the different meanings of kuei-shen to speak is that he divides yin, yang, life, death, kuei, shen, jing, chi, hun (soul), po (vigor), bent, stretch, all these relative conceptions into two categories. The things that belong to the same category could be analogized, while what belong to opposite category could be contrasted. [Article in Chinese]

In silico identification and computational characterization of endogenous small interfering RNAs from diverse grapevine tissues and stages

Xudong Zhu,Songtao Jiu,Xiaopeng Li,Kekun Zhang,Mengqi Wang,Chen Wang,Jinggui Fang 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.8

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are effectors of regulatory pathways underlying plant development, metabolism, and stress- and nutrient-signaling regulatory networks. The endogenous siRNAs are generally not conserved between plants; consequently, it is necessary and important to identify and characterize siRNAs from various plants. To address the nature and functions of siRNAs, and understand the biological roles of the huge siRNA population in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to identify a large set of putative endogenous siRNAs from six grapevine tissues/organs. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed to classify the target genes of siRNA. In total, 520,519 candidate siRNAs were identified and their expression profiles exhibited typical temporal characters during grapevine development. In addition, we identified two grapevine trans-acting siRNA (TAS) gene homologs (VvTAS3 and VvTAS4) and the derived trans-acting siRNAs (tasiRNAs) that could target grapevine auxin response factor (ARF) and myeloblastosis (MYB) genes. Furthermore, the GO and KEGG analysis of target genes showed that most of them covered a broad range of functional categories, especially involving in disease-resistance process. The large-scale and completely genome-wide level identification and characterization of grapevine endogenous siRNAs from the diverse tissues by high throughput technology revealed the nature and functions of siRNAs in grapevine.

Influence of Test Method and Poisson's Ratio Effect on Pullout Performance of Anchor Bolt in Pile

Qing Fang,Zhijun Yang,Chuanyi Zhang,Liming Yi,Xudong Fu 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.12

The influence of load pattern and Poisson’s ratio effect on the pullout performance of the anchor bolt, which were connected with pipe pile by core concrete, were investigated by three anchorage-beam pullout tests and one self-balanced pullout test. Theoretical and finite element analysis were also employed to explore the influence of load pattern and Poisson’s ratio effect on the ultimate friction at the pipe-core-concrete contact surface. The results show that the load pattern and Poisson’s ratio effect of pipe pile have a great influence on the pullout characteristics of the anchor bolt. The maximum relative displacements between core concrete and pipe pile and between anchor bolt and core concrete in self-balanced pullout test are 0.913 mm and 0.935 mm, respectively, which are significantly greater than that in anchorage-beam pullout test where the displacements are 0.292 mm and 0.500 mm, respectively. In the self-balanced test, the pipe pile is under compression and expands radially due to the Poisson’s ratio effect. In the anchorage-beam test, on the contrary, the pipe pile is under tension and shrinks radially. As a consequence, the ultimate friction between core concrete and pipe pile in the anchorage-beam test is higher than that in the self-balanced test by 15.1% to 28.7%. Accordingly, the results of anchorage-beam pullout test are more sensible for the anchor bolt design.

An ultra-high pressure sensor based on SOI piezoresistive material

Yulong Zhao,Xudong Fang,Zhuangde Jiang,Libo Zhao 대한기계학회 2010 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.24 No.8

This paper describes an ultra-high pressure sensor which is in urgent need and widely used in defense industry and petroleum industry. It is designed on the combination of micro Silicon on Insulator (SOI) solid piezoresistive chip based on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technique and cylindrical elastic body that could successfully convert dynamic ultra-high pressure measurement in explosion to strain measurement. Performances of the sensor including size, sensitivity, and linearity are investigated with experiment data. It’s proved that the dynamic ultra-high sensor in the range of 2GPa in this paper is successful in pressure measurement in explosion. The research of ultra-high pressure sensor in this paper could not only provide a reference for the improvement of explosive property, but also lay a foundation for research of pressure sensor in the range of 10GPa of the next step.

Three-Dimensional Seismic Isolation Study of Single-Layer Reticulated Domes by Parameter Analysis

Gui-Bo Nie,Dong-fang Li,Xudong Zhi,Qiang Chen,Fuyang Wang 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.6

Spatial structures, represented by reticulated domes, have developed rapidly in the last several decades due to their reasonable mechanical properties and beautiful structural shape. However, several spatial structure collapses have occurred during the recent frequent earthquakes in China, especially the 2013 Lushan earthquake. These collapses have altered the traditional understanding that the spatial structure has good seismic performance. Real seismic damage cases reveal that a spatial structure in a severe earthquake zone with unreasonable seismic design cannot maintain its functional characteristics; therefore, there is an urgent need for improvements to enhance the seismic performance of spatial structures. This paper proposes a new three-dimensional isolation spring support (TISS). To study the mechanical properties of this support, corresponding experiments were performed, and the constitutive relation of this support was investigated. A simplifi ed fi nite element model of the new TISS was defi ned in ABAQUS to conduct a seismic isolation study of single-layer reticulated domes. And then the infl uence of diff erent parameters on the seismic isolation performance of the TISS was analysed. The parameter analysis results indicated that friction plays an important role in the mechanical properties of the support and thus causes diff erent seismic isolation eff ects under small earthquakes and severe earthquakes. At the same time, because of the design concept of the support, a non-linear relation exists between the seismic isolation eff ect and stiff ness such that under severe earthquakes. On the other hand, the TISS also has preferable isolation performance on the defective reticulated domes. Therefore, the three-dimensional isolation support presented in this paper has preferable application prospects and potential economic benefi ts that could be applied extensively in the three-dimensional isolation area of spatial structures. In addition, the numerical analysis procedure based on ABAQUS can be used to accurately analyse the isolation property and to lay the foundation for the practical function of isolation supports and the seismic design of structures.

Integrated metatranscriptome and transcriptome reveals the microbial community composition and physiological function of xylem sap on grapevine during bleeding period

Zheng Ting,Zhang Kekun,Zhu Xudong,Guan Le,Jiu Songtao,Li Xiaopeng,Mazzullah Nasim,Jia Haifeng,Fang Jinggui 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.9

Background The xylem sap of fruit trees ensures the survival during the dormant period, and its flow during the bleeding period is correlated with the start of a new life cycle. Though the simple exploration on ingredients in the sap was carried out in the early years, the specific life activities and physiology functions of the sap during bleeding period have not been reported yet and the bleeding period is still a fruit tree development period worthy of attention. Objectives In this study, the microbial community composition during bleeding period were revealed by metatranscriptome and transcriptomic data. For the first time, the microorganism genome and grape genome in xylem sap were analyzed on transcriptional level, based on which the main physiological functions of the sap were also determined. Methods The genomic RNA in the sap was isolated and sequenced. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG), Evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes Database (CAZy) functional annotation were used to analysis the function of micro-organisms in xylem sap. DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The genes responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses were finally screened by transcriptome screening, stress data analysis and vitro validation experiments. Results The analysis exhibited 36,144,564 micro-related clean reads and 244,213 unigene. KEGG, eggNOG and CAZy functional annotation analysis indicated that signal transduction and material metabolism were the most important function of xylem sap. DEGs analysis were mainly about disease resistance, carbon source metabolism and hormone signal transduction, especially in P3 vs P1, enriched in the plant-pathogen interaction pathway. Analysis on grape genome information revealed xylem sap had little RNA with weak life activity. Metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction were the four pathways with the largest number of enriched genes. Moreover, 16 genes responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses were screened out. Conclusion Promoting plant growth and resisting pathogens were the most important function of xylem sap during the bleeding period, and the function of microbial community were closely related to microorganisms growth and disease resistance. The 16 stress-related genes might be used for the future grape resistance research.