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Ying Li,Jiangtao Zhao,Xiaoli Liu,Xiudong Xia,Ying Wang,Jianzhong Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.3
The transport behavior and absorption mechanism of Ala-His-Leu-Leu (AHLL) intestinal absorption in Caco-2 cell monolayers were clarified systemically. The safe absorptive concentration of AHLL was 200 μg/mL, which was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. The permeation of AHLL was concentration dependent in a bidirectional transfer and reached a plateau at 90 min. The efflux ratio was above 0.5, suggesting that AHLL was absorbed by both active transport and passive diffusion. The apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) of AHLL both from the apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) side (PappAB) and from the BL to AP side (PappBA) decreased when the temperature was lowered from 37°C to 4°C.The uptake of AHLL was more at pH 7.4 than at other pHs. Both verapamil and (E)-3-[[[3-[2-(7-chloro-2- quinolinyl) ethenyl] phenyl]-[[(3-dimethyl amino)-3-oxopropyl]thio] methyl] thio]-propanoic acid (MK571) inhibited the absorption of AHLL, indicating that P-glycoprotein and multi-drug resistant proteins (MRPs) were all involved in AHLL secretion, especially multi-drug resistant protein 2 (MRP2). AHLL was transported through both trans- and paracellular pathways across the Caco-2 cell monolayer. This work first elucidates the AHLL absorption mechanism in Caco-2 cells and provides the basis for future studies on the improvement of bioavailability.
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Injectable In situ Forming Chitosan-Based Hydrogels For Curcumin Delivery
Titima Songkroh,Xiaojun Ma,Hongguo Xie,Weiting Yu,Xiudong Liu,Guangwei Sun,Xiaoxi Xu 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.1
In this paper, a series of injectable in situ forming chitosan-based hydrogels were prepared by chemicalcrosslinking of chitosan and genipin with the cooperation of ionic bonds between chitosan and sodium salts at roomtemperature. Four hydrogels (A, B, C, and D) were obtained by mixing chitosan, genipin and a sodium salt of trisodiumphosphate (Na3PO4·12H2O), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)and examined for their characteristics, morphology, and rheological properties. Their cell viability assaysexhibited low toxicity and the localized in situ gel formation was detected after subcutaneous injections in rat. Curcuminwhich possesses many pharmaceutical potentials but has low bioavailability, was chosen as a drug model. Invitro curcumin release profiles exhibit sustained release properties with initial burst release for all hydrogels withabout 3 to 6 times higher cumulative release than other gel controls. The results of this study demonstrate that ourhydrogels have a potential as local curcumin carriers.
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