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Xingyou Zhang,Bo Chen,Fei Wang,Xin Wang,Yan Cheng,Guanglei Li 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.5
Connecting neighbor microgrids into a multi-microgrids system (MMS) is one of research hotspots in the field of microgrids. This paper analyzes difference of distributed generators configuration and load types among each microgrid in a MMS. A method to evaluate the influence of dynamic behaviors and energy exchange behaviors on power supply reliability of microgrids in a MMS is proposed in this paper. A reliability assessment algorithm which takes account of connectivity ability among microgrids and intermittence characteristics of distributed energy, different load type and energy exchange behavior is also proposed in this paper. Since the proposed model can characterize dynamic behavior of microgrids in a MMS, the proposed method is of great significance for design and operation of a MMS.
Qian Liu,Zhou Long,Xingyou Dong,Teng Zhang,Jiang Zhao,Bishao Sun,Jingzhen Zhu,Jia Li,Qingqing Wang,Zhenxing Yang,Xiaoyan Hu,Longkun Li 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are confirmed to be expressed in bladder interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICC-LCs), but little is known about their possible role in cystitis-associated bladder dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine the functional role of HCN channels in regulating bladder function under inflammatory conditions. Sixty female wild-type C57BL/6J mice and sixty female HCN1-knockout mice were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. Cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis models were successfully established in these mice. CYP treatment significantly enhanced HCN channel protein expression and Ih density and significantly altered bladder HCN1 channel regulatory proteins. Carbachol (CCH) and forskolin (FSK) exerted significant effects on bladder ICC-LC [Ca2+]i in CYP-treated wild-type (WT) mice, and HCN1 channel ablation significantly decreased the effects of CCH and FSK on bladder ICC-LC [Ca2+]i in both naive and CYP-treated mice. CYP treatment significantly potentiated the spontaneous contractions and CCH (0.001–10 μM)-induced phasic contractions of detrusor strips, and HCN1 channel deletion significantly abated such effects. Finally, we demonstrated that the development of CYP-induced bladder overactivity was reversed in HCN1 / mice. Taken together, our results suggest that CYP-induced enhancements of HCN1 channel expression and function in bladder ICC-LCs are essential for cystitis-associated bladder hyperactivity development, indicating that the HCN1 channel may be a novel therapeutic target for managing bladder hyperactivity.
Tong Wu,Maojie Xuan,Xingyou Wang,Meina Liu 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.6
Dendronized exo-7-oxanorbornene monomers were synthesized and polymerized via thiol–Michael coupling and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The polymerization rate was highly dependent on the steric hindrance of the terminal group. The space linker between the polymerizable group and dendron was a crucial factor. Ru-based kinetics was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which showed that the monomer was completely converted to a generally narrow polydispersity material. The second generation of functional macromonomer was grafted from the first with a different linker length and consumed completely at 50 oC in toluene. Considering the properties of the space linker, we found that a short space linker of dendronized exo-7-oxanorbornene macromonomer leads to narrow molecular weight distributions of obtained dendronized polymers. This work provides a further understanding of the effect of steric hindrance on dendronized polymers, thereby allowing the development of functional materials.