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Preparation of Homogeneous Microstructure Pure Lead Metaniobate by Two-Step Sintering
Xiao-gang Zhao,Peng Liu,Bo Chao,Su Juan Liu,Ming Pang,Xiao-Ming Chen,Jian-Ping Zhou 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.1
The purpose of the present work is to obtain the Lead metaniobate ceramics with the orthorhombic phase via a two-step sintering method. The samples were first sintered at 1320°C for 10 min, and then sintered separately at 1260°C, 1220°C, and 1180°C for 4 h. All the ceramics show orthorhombic phase and homogeneous microstructure. It was found that the abnormal grain growth was restrained obviously.
Prediction of Natural Frequency of Free Spanning Subsea Pipelines
Zhi-Gang Xiao,Xiao-Ling Zhao 한국강구조학회 2010 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.10 No.1
Free spans or suspended spans normally occur in subsea pipelines due to the irregularity of seabed and/or the scouring action of sea water. A problem of significance to the free spans of subsea pipeline is that currents or waves flowing across pipelines can shed vortices and induce vibration which may cause fatigue damage to the pipelines. Natural frequencies of free spans are required when solving vibration amplitude and cyclic stresses in the free span. The natural frequency is usually calculated with simplified equations, where factors such as boundary conditions and axial forces are not accurately taken into account. In this study, the influence of boundary conditions, mass of hydrocarbon products, axial force, and multiple spans on the natural frequencies of pipeline are investigated and corresponding suggestions are provided for frequency calculation.
Dong, Xiao-Peng,Xiao, Tian-Hui,Dong, Hong,Jiang, Ning,Zhao, Xiao-Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5
Objective: To investigate the effects of endostar, a recombined humanized endostatin, plus cisplatin on the growth, lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice. Methods: A tumor model were established in C57BL/6 mice by intravenious transplantation of LLC cells. Then the mice were randomized to receive administration with NS, endostar, cisplatin, or endostar plus cisplatin. After the mice were sacrificed, tumor multiplicity, tumor size and lymph node metastasis were assessed. Then the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) and podoplanin were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Endostar plus cisplatin significantly suppressed tumor growth. lymphatic metastasis and prolonged survival time of the mice without obvious toxicity. The inhibition of lymphatic metastasis was associated with decreased microlymphatic vessel density (MLVD) and expression of VEGF-C. Conclusions: Endostar combined with cisplatin was more effective to suppress tumor growth and lymphatic metastasis than either agent alone. Thus this may provide a rational alternative for lung carcinoma treatment.
Zhao, Xiao-ming,Yuan, Qi-ling,Liu, Liang,Shi, Ya-ming,Zhang, Yin-gang The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.4
Objectives : Due to recent developments and the wide application of percutaneous transforaminal discectomy (PTED) in China, we herein compare its clinical effects with microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation in terms of recurrence and revision rates. Methods : Six databases, namely, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang, were searched by computer. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of the included literature was evaluated. After extracting the data from the papers, Review Manager 5.2 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) was applied to analyze these data. Finally, sensitivity and publication bias analyses of the results were conducted. Results : A total of 12 studies consisting of 2400 patients were included in this meta-analysis. A comparison of PTED with MED revealed higher postoperative recurrence and postoperative revision rates for PTED (odds ratio [OR] recurrence, 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.53; p=0.05 and OR revision, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.64, p=0.006). Conclusion : PTED has a number of advantages because it is a minimally invasive surgery, but its recurrence and revision rates are higher than MED. Therefore, MED should not be completely replaced by PTED.
An Overview of Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Xiao-Gang Xing,Dong-Zhi Zhao,Yu-Guang Liu,Jian-Hong Yang,Peng Xiu,Lin Wang 한국해양과학기술원 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.1
Besides empirical algorithms with the blue-green ratio, the algorithms based on fluorescence are also important and valid methods for retrieving chlorophyll-a concentration in the ocean waters, especially for Case II waters and the sea with algal blooming. This study reviews the history of initial cognitions, investigations and detailed approaches towards chlorophyll fluorescence, and then introduces the biological mechanism of fluorescence remote sensing and main spectral characteristics such as the positive correlation between fluorescence and chlorophyll concentration, the red shift phenomena. Meanwhile, there exist many influence factors that increase complexity of fluorescence remote sensing, such as fluorescence quantum yield, physiological status of various algae, substances with related optical property in the ocean, atmospheric absorption etc. Based on these cognitions, scientists have found two ways to calculate the amount of fluorescence detected by ocean color sensors: fluorescence line height and reflectance ratio. These two ways are currently the foundation for retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in the ocean. As the in-situ measurements and synchronous satellite data are continuously being accumulated, the fluorescence remote sensing of chlorophyll-a concentration in Case II waters should be recognized more thoroughly and new algorithms could be expected.
Xiao-Feng Li,Min-Hua Zong,Guang-Lei Zhao,Yi-Gang Yu,Hui Wu 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.4
In this paper, enzymatic regioselective acylation of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) with vinyl benzoate (VB) using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B in binary organic solvents was explored. It was found that the lipase showed high regioselectivity (> 99%) towards the 5'-OH of ara-C in the representative organic solvent mixture (hexane-pyridine). To understand the enzymatic processes and provide a fair comparison of hexane-pyridine with C4MIm·PF6-pyridine (the representative ionic liquid-containing system), the effect of each process variable on the reactions in hexane-pyridine was investigated. The results indicate that the optimum hexane content,initial a w, molar ratio of VB to ara-C, and temperature were 28% (v/v), 0.11, 15, and 40°C, respectively. Under optimized conditions, the initial reaction rate in hexanepyridine (44.4 mM/h) was much higher than that in C4MIm·PF6-pyridine (29.4 mM/h) for each case. The maximum conversion yield, however, was increased when the reaction system was shifted from hexane-pyridine to C4MIm·PF6-pyridine. Further study revealed that the presence of an acidic by-product (benzoate acid, released during the acylation process) may cause rapid inactivation of the enzyme in hexane-pyridine, leading to a lower conversion rate, whereas the ionic liquid may have coating and protecting effects on the lipase during the reaction.
An Overview of Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Xing, Xiao-Gang,Zhao, Dong-Zhi,Liu, Yu-Guang,Yang, Jian-Hong,Xiu, Peng,Wang, Lin The Korean Society of Oceanography 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.1
Besides empirical algorithms with the blue-green ratio, the algorithms based on fluorescence are also important and valid methods for retrieving chlorophyll-a concentration in the ocean waters, especially for Case II waters and the sea with algal blooming. This study reviews the history of initial cognitions, investigations and detailed approaches towards chlorophyll fluorescence, and then introduces the biological mechanism of fluorescence remote sensing and main spectral characteristics such as the positive correlation between fluorescence and chlorophyll concentration, the red shift phenomena. Meanwhile, there exist many influence factors that increase complexity of fluorescence remote sensing, such as fluorescence quantum yield, physiological status of various algae, substances with related optical property in the ocean, atmospheric absorption etc. Based on these cognitions, scientists have found two ways to calculate the amount of fluorescence detected by ocean color sensors: fluorescence line height and reflectance ratio. These two ways are currently the foundation for retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in the ocean. As the in-situ measurements and synchronous satellite data are continuously being accumulated, the fluorescence remote sensing of chlorophyll-a concentration in Case II waters should be recognized more thoroughly and new algorithms could be expected.
Optimal Structure Design of Multi-functional Folding Drawing Board based on TRIZ Theory
Jiang Jin-gang,Xu Xiao-lei,Wang Zhao,Liu Yun-feng,Cui Shi-jia,Sun Jing-hao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.2
In drawing area, aiming at the problems of drawing breadth and angle cannot be adjusted individually and not convenient to carry, a kind of multi-functional folding drawing board is designed by us. The appearance of the multi-functional folding drawing board is kind of drawing board, some light materials like basswood and rigid plastics are used in main structure of the drawing board to make it light and convenient to carry. The main structure can be folded and it is suitable for A1 and A2 drawings. In the designing procedure, dip angle adjusted mechanism by worm wheel and gear, magnetic pull-in mechanism, leading rail, slide-way, drawer, tool library, paper bag and horn locks are applied based on modularity designing theory. Finite element analysis of key components of drawing board is analyzed.