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New De-excitation Method for Large Hydraulic Generator
Chen, Xianming,Wang, Wei,Lu, Hongshui,Liu, Guohua,Zhu, Xiaodong The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2011 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.1 No.2
The requirement for arc voltage during the opening of a field breaker for large hydraulic generator increases when de-excitation (DE) is performed with a varistor parallel connected to field wingding. In fact, E.M.F of the field winding is required to be higher than the varistor threshold voltage during opening of field breaker. In this paper, the principle of DE with capacitors is introduced. The high voltage produced during DE by the R,L,C series oscillation is used to force the varistor into operation which decreases the opening arc voltage requirement of the field breaker. A simulation is completed to confirm the proper operation of the new DE approach.
Genetic homogeneity between populations of cotton bollworm from Xinjiang, China
Dongmei Wang,Xianming Yang,Haiqiang Li,Akedan Wuwaishi,Ruifeng Ding,Haobin Li,Hongsheng Pan,Jian Liu,Yao Xu,Yan-Hui Lu 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
We studied the population structure of cotton bollworm (CBW), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae), in Xinjiang, the largest cotton-growing region in China, using a fragment of cytochrome c oxidasesubunit I (COI) gene. Alignments of all 192 COI sequences revealed 28 haplotypes including 23 in southernXinjiang, 5 in eastern Xinjiang and 13 in northern Xinjiang. Negative and significant values of neutrality tests forthe Tajima's D and Fu's FS parameters, combined with the high values of haplotype diversity (Hd), low values ofnucleotide diversity (π) and a high number of low frequency haplotypes indicated a recent demographic expansionof Xinjiang CBW populations. Analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) indicated low and non-significantgenetic structure, regardless of geographical scale or crop, with most of genetic variation occurringwithin local CBW populations. Pairwise FST analyses also indicated low genetic differentiation. This demographicevent and high gene flow could be responsible for the low genetic structure currently found. CBW populations inXinjiang need to be considered as one panmictic unit in its management, especially for the design of refuges todelay the development of resistance by this migratory pest to transgenic Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton.
Synthesis and Curing of AUT-PNIMMO with Three Functional Groups
Xiaochuan Wang,Ping Li,Xianming Lu,Hongchang Mo,Minghui Xu,Ning Liu,Yuanjie Shu 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.4
T-PNIMMO with three functional groups was synthesized by cationic ring opening polymerization of NIMMO (3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane) in the presence of TMP (trimethylolpropane) catalyzed by BF3·OEt2. Then AUTPNIMMO was synthesized by T-PNIMMO and allyl isocyanate. The polymers were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and their thermal stability was estimated by DSC. Moreover, tensile testing was used to evaluate the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer based on T-PNIMMO and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), and isoxazoline elastomer based on AUT-PNIMMO and tetramethyl-terephthalobisnitrile oxide (TTNO). This showed an increase of tensile strength from 2.0 to 4.0 MPa and elongation at break from 150% to 500%, respectively. These results indicated that AUTPNIMMO exhibited a good thermal stability, had satisfactory mechanical properties and was expected to be used in the composite solid propellant and polymer bonded explosives.