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Expression and evolution of the phospholipase C gene family in Brachypodium distachyon
Xianguo Wang,Yang Liu,Zheng Li,Xiang Gao,Jian Dong,Mingming Yang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.9
Background Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids and plays an important role in plant growth and development. The Brachypodium distachyon is a model plant of Gramineae, but the research on PLC gene family of Brachypodium has not been reported. Objective This study was performed to identify the PLC family gene in Brachypodium and to determine the expression profles of PLCs under the abiotic stress. Methods Complete genome sequences and transcriptomes of Brachypodium were downloaded from the PLAZA. The hidden Markov model-based profle of the conserved PLC domain was submitted as a query to identify all potential PLC domain sequences with HMMER software. Expression profles of BdPLCs were obtained based on the qRT-PCR analysis. Results There were 8 PLC genes in Brachypodium (BdPI-PLCs 1–4 and BdNPCs 1–4). All members of BdPI-PLC had three conserved domains of X, Y, and C2, and no EF-hand was found. All BdNPCs contained a phosphatase domain. BdPIPLC genes were distributed on Chr1, Chr2 and Chr4, with diferent types and numbers of cis-regulatory elements in their respective gene promoters. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genetic relationship between Brachypodium and rice was closer than Arabidopsis. The expression patterns of BdPI-PLC gene under abiotic stresses (drought, low temperature, high temperature and salt stress) were up-regulated, indicated their important roles in response to low temperature, high temperature, drought and salt stresses. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive information for the study of Brachypodium PLC gene family and lays a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of Brachypodium stress adaptation.
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Wang Xianguo,Yao Xiaolu,Zhao Ahui,Yang Mingming,Zhao Wanchun,LeTourneau Melissa K.,Dong Jian,Gao Xiang 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.10
Background Phosphoinositide-specifc phospholipase C proteins mediate environmental stress responses in many plants. However, the potential of PI-PLC genes involved with abiotic stress tolerance in wheat remains un-explored. Objective To study TaPLC1 genetic relation with wheat drought and heat resistance. Methods The seedlings were treated with PI-PLC inhibitor U73122 at the single leaf stage. The seedlings were treated with drought and heat stress at the two leaf stage, and some physiological indexes and the expression profle of TaPLC1 gene were determined. And the TaPLC1 overexpression vector was transferred to Arabidopsis and selected to T3 generation for drought and heat stress treatment. Results After 4 h of drought and heat stress, the SOD activity, MDA and soluble sugar content of the two cultivars with inhibitor were higher than those without inhibitor, the chlorophyll content decreased. CS seedlings showed signifcant wilting phenomenon, and TAM107 showed slight wilting. After the elimination of drought and heat stress, all seedling wilting gradually recovered, while the leaf tips of the two varieties treated with inhibitors began to wilt and turn yellow, which was more signifcant 5 days after the drought and heat stress, while the degree of spring wilting and yellow in CS was earlier than that in TAM107. The expression patterns of TaPLC1 gene were diferent in the two cultivars, but the expression levels reached the maximum at 30 min of heat stress. The change of TaPLC1 expression in TAM107 without inhibitor treatment was signifcantly greater than that in CS. The expression level of TaPLC1 in the two cultivars under stress was signifcantly diferent between the two cultivars treated with inhibitor and untreated, and was lower than that of the normal plants under normal conditions. These results indicated that inhibition of TaPLC1 gene expression could enhance the sensitivity of seedlings to stress. In Arabidopsis, the root lengths of transgenic and wild-type seedlings were shortened after drought stress treatment, but the root lengths of transgenic plants decreased slightly. And the expression of TaPLC1 gene was signifcantly increased after drought and heat stress. This indicated that overexpression of TaPLC1 improved drought resistance of Arabidopsis. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that TaPLC1 may be involved in the regulation mechanism of drought and heat stress in wheat.
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Zheng Honglong,Tuo Xianguo,Wang Zhou,Gou Rui,Liu Qi,Li Qiang,Shi Rui,Yang Guang 한국물리학회 2024 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.84 No.4
For measuring radioactive waste drum, the segmented gamma scanning (SGS) is a quick and efective procedure. The accuracy of reconstructed radioactivity in the drum is directly impacted by SGS efciency matrix. To overcome the challenges of restricted experimental source and excessive workload in existing SGS efciency calibration methods, a new SGS efciency calibration method is presented. The point source efciency function calculates the non-attenuation efciency of each voxel in the calibrated segment. The voxel attenuation efciency is corrected by the linear attenuation coefcient for segments’ absorption. The attenuation efciency for the segment is calculated as the weighted average of all voxel attenuation efciencies in a segment. The waste drum sample is flled with a random mixture of 0.33 g·cm−3 aluminium silicate fbre, 0.64 g·cm−3 wood fbre, 1.84 g·cm−3 polyvinyl chloride plastic and a point source 60Co of 1.244× 105 Bq. The SGS system and the waste drum sample are used to complete SGS experimental measurement, efciency calibration and activity reconstruction. Result shows that the relative deviations of reconstructed activity are − 15.39–30.98% for the extreme case where just a point source 60Co is placed at 16 positions in the drum with diferent heights and eccentric distances. This relative deviation rang of reconstructed activity meets the needs of most users. Compared with other methods which have complicated computational processes, the main beneft of this work is to present a low-performance and easy-to-implement additional alternative to commercial software or existing approaches.
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Weimin Feng,Hui Song,Ziyan Lu,ZhiquanYang,Xianguo Hu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.122 No.-
The zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) as multi-effect additive used in lubricating oil has always beenpaid more attention on the antioxidation, anticorrosion and antiwear performances. How to explain itsrole in tribology field has been paid more attention in the world. This studying showed a new insight intothe antiwear mechanism from the perspective of tribofilm of lubricating oil containing ZDDP using SEM/EDS, Raman spectrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM) etc. It was found that ZDDP tribofilm containeda little graphitic carbon and iron oxides besides metal phosphates and sulfides. The bonding of ZDDP tribofilmto the substrate was stronger than that of base oil (poly-alpha-olefin, PAO) tribofilm. The mechanicalproperties of ZDDP tribofilm were more stable than those of PAO tribofilm. Statistical analysisrevealed that ZDDP tribofilm was harder and less adhesive effects than PAO tribofilm, which might provideit with the ability to resist abrasive and adhesive wear. The similar elastic modulus of the two kindsof films indicated their similar plastic deformation. Moreover, the micro friction-reducing ability of ZDDPtribofilm might be the origin of ZDDP reducing the macro friction under boundary lubrication.
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Research on Fitness Function of Two Evolution Algorithms Used for Neutron Spectrum Unfolding
Li Rui,Yang Jianbo,Tuo Xianguo,Shi Rui 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.78 No.2
When evolution algorithms are used to unfold the neutron energy spectrum, fitness function design is an important fundamental work for evaluating the quality of the solution, but it has not attracted much attention. In this work, we investigated the performance of eight fitness functions attached to the genetic algorithm (GA) and the differential evolution algorithm (DEA) used for unfolding four neutron spectra selected from the IAEA 403 report. Experiments show that the fitness functions with a maximum in the GA can limit the ability of the population to percept the fitness change, but the ability can be made up in the DEA. The fitness function with a feature penalty term helps to improve the performance of solutions, and the fitness function using the standard deviation and the Chi-squared result shows the balance between the algorithm and the spectra. The results also show that the DEA has good potential for neutron energy spectrum unfolding. The purposes of this work are to provide evidence for structuring and modifying the fitness functions and to suggest some genetic operations that should receive attention when using the fitness function to unfold neutron spectra.
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Gamma-Ray Source Positioning Using Array NaI(Tl) Detectors in the Radiation Portal Monitors
Qibiao Wang,Chao Deng,Jian-Bo Yang,Rui Shi,Songbai Zhang,Xianguo Tuo 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.75 No.3
Radiation portal monitors (RPMs) are globally employed in ports to decrease the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. Most RPMs are generally considered as threshold devices because they utilize large plastic scintillators, which have limited energy resolution and no position sensitivity, to count the gamma-rays and neutrons emitted by nuclear materials. Hence, we designed an RPM detector system with NaI(Tl) detectors inserted into the plastic scintillators to realize gamma-ray source identification and positioning. In this work, a 2D gamma-ray source positioning algorithm based on the attenuation law and solidangle variation was studied with the simulation results, and the variation of the positioning deviations with the real positions was spline interpolated to calibrate the calculated position. The testing experiment showed a small root mean square error (RMSE) for both x (0.86 cm) and y (1.52 cm) after calibration.
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Jian Zhang,Zemin Li,Fan Chen,Hui Liu,Hua Wang,Xiang Li,Xianguo Liu,Jianru Wang,Zhaomin Zheng 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
The objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of TGF-β1 on CCL3/4 expression and inflammation-related pain during intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). TGF-β1 and CCL3/4 expression patterns in different degenerative human nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues were measured by qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the effects of TGF-β1 on CCL3/4 expression were measured by qPCR, ELISA and immunofluorescence. The roles of NF-κB and MAPK in TGF-β1-mediated CCL3/4 promoter activity were studied using siRNAs, western blotting and qPCR. After establishing an IVDD rat model in vivo, we administered intradiscal injections of TGF-β1. The effects of TGF-β1 on IVDD were determined by MRI and histological analyses, and the effects of TGF-β1 on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) inflammation and pain development were determined by IHC staining and pain-behavior testing, respectively. TGF-β1 and CCL3/4 expression was elevated in degenerative NP tissue. CCL4 expression was significantly inhibited by TGF-β1 treatment. Pharmacological inhibition or siRNA knockdown of the ERK1/2 signaling attenuated TGF-β1-mediated suppression of CCL4 expression. In vivo, TGF-β1 injection inhibited the development of degenerative features in the IVDD model. Moreover, TGF-β1 prevented the inflammatory response and pain development. The results of this study show that TGF-β1 downregulates CCL4 expression through ERK1/2 signaling activation in NP cells. Furthermore, TGF-β1 can prevent degenerative processes, inhibit inflammatory responses in the DRG and prevent pain development in the IVDD rat model. The results of this study indicate that TGF-β1 may represent a therapeutic target for the control of inflammation-related pain associated with IVDD.
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