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Shin, Woosung,Yoon, Jeongyeon,Oh, Goo Taeg,Ryoo, Sungwoo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1
Korean red ginseng water extract (KG-WE) has known beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system via inducting nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelium. Endothelial arginase inhibits the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by substrate depletion, thereby reducing NO bioavailability and contributing to vascular diseases including hypertension, aging, and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we demonstrate that KG-WE inhibits arginase activity and negatively regulates NO production and reactive oxygen species generation in endothelium. This is associated with increased dimerization of eNOS without affecting the protein expression levels of either arginase or eNOS. In a vascular tension assay, when aortas isolated from wild type mice were incubated with KG-WE, NO-dependent enhanced vasorelaxation was observed. Furthermore, KG-WE administered via by drinking water to atherogenic model mice being fed high cholesterol diet improved impaired vascular function. Taken together, these results suggest that KG-WE may exert vasoprotective effects through augmentation of NO signaling by inhibiting arginase. Therefore, KG-WE may be useful in the treatment of vascular diseases derived from endothelial dysfunction, such as atherosclerosis.
Woosung Shin,Dan E. Berkowitz,유승우 생화학분자생물학회 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.10
The incidence of cardiovascular disease is predicted to increase as the population ages. There is accumulating evidence that arginase upregulation is associated with impaired endothelial function. Here, we demonstrate that arginase II (ArgII) is upregulated in aortic vessels of aged mice and ontributes to decreased nitric oxide (NO) generation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling. Inhibiting ArgII with small interfering RNA technique restored eNOS coupling to that observed in young mice and increased NO generation and decreased ROS production. Furthermore, enhanced vasoconstrictor responses to U46619 and attenuated vasorelaxation responses to acetylcholine in aged vasculature were markedly improved following siRNA treatment against ArgII. These results might be associated with increased L-arginine bioavailability. Collectively, these results suggest that ArgII may be a valuable target in age-dependent vascular diseases.
Woosung Shin,Jeongyeon Yoon,Goo Taeg Oh,Sungwoo Ryoo 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1
Korean red ginseng water extract (KG-WE) has known beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system via inducting nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelium. Endothelial arginase inhibits the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by substrate depletion, thereby reducing NO bioavailability and contributing to vascular diseases including hypertension, aging, and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we demonstrate that KG-WE inhibits arginase activity and negatively regulates NO production and reactive oxygen species generation in endothelium. This is associated with increased dimerization of eNOS without affecting the protein expression levels of either arginase or eNOS. In a vascular tension assay, when aortas isolated from wild type mice were incubated with KG-WE, NO-dependent enhanced vasorelaxation was observed. Furthermore, KG-WE administered via by drinking water to atherogenic model mice being fed high cholesterol diet improved impaired vascular function. Taken together, these results suggest that KG-WE may exert vasoprotective effects through augmentation of NO signaling by inhibiting arginase. Therefore, KG-WE may be useful in the treatment of vascular diseases derived from endothelial dysfunction, such as atherosclerosis.
Woosung Kim,Yoonyoung Jang,Youn-Hee Lim,Bung-Nyun Kim,Choong Ho Shin,Young Ah Lee,Johanna Inhyang Kim,Yun-chul Hong 대한예방의학회 2020 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.53 No.1
Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure may be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure during gestation and ADHD at 6 years of age.
Nam, Woosung,Shin, Hongjoon,Jung, Younghun,Joo, Kyungwon,Heo, Jun‐,Haeng John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2015 International journal of climatology Vol.35 No.5
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Regional frequency analysis (RFA) may provide more accurate estimates of rainfall quantiles than at‐site frequency analysis (ASFA), especially in regions with short records. In this study, RFA is applied to 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 6‐, 9‐, 12‐, 15‐, 18‐, 24‐, and 48‐h annual maximum rainfall series at 67 sites in South Korea. Procrustes analysis is used to select 33 rainfall‐related and geographical variables that represent most of the statistical information from among 42 candidate variables. Both factor analysis and cluster analysis, such as fuzzy c‐means (FCM) and Ward's method, are used to identify the homogeneous regions, and five regions are identified through heterogeneity measures. It is found that FCM‐based regions are more appropriate to the precipitation in South Korea in terms of the homogeneity of the identified regions. To investigate the effectiveness of FCM‐based regions, region‐of‐influence approach was applied. It is shown that the spatial pattern of rainfall is affected by main mountain ranges, the prevailing Westerlies, and the proximity of the coast. Six distributions are applied, and the generalized extreme value distribution is selected as the best‐fit distribution from goodness‐of‐fit measures. RFAs, such as the index flood method (IFM) and regional shape estimation based on the regional L‐moments algorithm, are applied to determine the growth curves of regions. Using Monte‐Carlo simulations, it is concluded that RFA is more accurate than ASFA for the annual maximum rainfall data of South Korea. The IFM provides more accurate estimates than regional shape estimation in homogeneous regions, while regional shape estimation is more appropriate for use in heterogeneous regions and in homogeneous regions with a lower L‐CV (coefficient of L‐variation) and for the estimation of quantiles in higher tails over a 100‐year return period for the applied data.</P>
정우성(Woosung Jeong),신현철(Hyunchul Shin) 大韓電子工學會 2009 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.46 No.9
본 연구에서는 상위 수준 합성에서 시간 제약과 하드웨어 제약을 동시에 고려하여 에너지 소모를 최소로 줄이는 다중 전압 스케줄링 방법을 개발하였다. 기존의 다중 전압 스케줄링에서는 임계 경로에 있는 연산에 대해 높은 전압을 할당하고, 임계 경로에 있지 않은 연산에 대해서는 낮은 전압을 할당하는 방법을 주로 사용하였다. 우리는 다중 전압 리스트 스케줄링을 기반으로 simulated annealing기법을 적용하여 임계 경로상의 연산인지와 관계없이 자유롭게 여러 전압을 할당하여 최적화함으로서 저전력 스케줄링 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 계산 시간 제한에 여유가 있을 때에는 전반적으로 낮은 전압을 사용하여 에너지 소모를 더욱 낮출 수 있다. 그리고 후처리 과정을 통해 추가의 에너지 감소를 얻을 수 있었다. 경우에 따라, 전압 level shifter 수를 줄일 필요가 있으므로 비용 함수에 가중치를 줄 수 있도록 하였다. 예를 들어, level shifter 에너지 소모에 6배의 가중치를 주면, 전압 level shifter 수는 약 24%, shifter 에너지 소모는 약 20% 정도 감소한다. 이를 이용하여 전체 에너지 소모와 level shifter 사용횟수의 tradeoff가 가능하다. In this paper, we propose a multiple voltage scheduling method which reduces energy consumption considering both timing constraints and resource constraints. In the other multiple voltage scheduling techniques, high voltage is assigned to operations in the longest path and low voltage is assigned to operations that are not on the longest path. However, in those methods, voltages are assigned to specific operations restrictively. We use a simulated annealing technique, in which several voltages are assigned to specific operations flexibly regardless of whether they are on the longest path. In this paper, a post processing algorithm is proposed to further reduce the energy consumption. In some cases, designers may want to reduce the level shifters. To make tradeoff between the total energy and the number (or energy) of level shifters weighted term can be added to the cost function. When the level shifter energy is weighted six times, for example, the number of level shifters is reduced by about 24% and their energy consumption is reduced by about 20%.
Kim, Woosung,Jang, Yoonyoung,Lim, Youn-Hee,Kim, Bung-Nyun,Shin, Choong Ho,Lee, Young Ah,Kim, Johanna Inhyang,Hong, Yun-Chul The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2020 예방의학회지 Vol.53 No.1
Objectives: Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure may be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure during gestation and ADHD at 6 years of age. Methods: As part of an ongoing cohort study (the Environment and Development of Children study), 479 mother-child pairs from Seoul, Korea were included for analysis between 2008 and 2011. The whole blood concentration of Cd was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The parents were surveyed about ADHD behaviors in their children at age 6. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to Cd and ADHD at 6 years of age. Results: Increased prenatal Cd concentrations were associated with increased scores for ADHD for girls, but not for boys, at age 6. A 2-fold increase in the prenatal Cd level was significantly associated with a 22.3% (95% confidence interval, 11.6 to 34.1) increase in ADHD in girls at 6 years of age, as indicated by the linear regression model. Conclusions: Our results identified significant associations between prenatal Cd exposure and ADHD scores in 6-year-old girls.
Modeling and Applications of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for Lithium-ion Batteries
Choi, Woosung,Shin, Heon-Cheol,Kim, Ji Man,Choi, Jae-Young,Yoon, Won-Sub The Korean Electrochemical Society 2020 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.11 No.1
As research on secondary batteries becomes important, interest in analytical methods to examine the condition of secondary batteries is also increasing. Among these methods, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method is one of the most attractive diagnostic techniques due to its convenience, quickness, accuracy, and low cost. However, since the obtained spectra are complicated signals representing several impedance elements, it is necessary to understand the whole electrochemical environment for a meaningful analysis. Based on the understanding of the whole system, the circuit elements constituting the cell can be obtained through construction of a physically sound circuit model. Therefore, this mini-review will explain how to construct a physically sound circuit model according to the characteristics of the battery cell system and then introduce the relationship between the obtained resistances of the bulk (R<sub>b</sub>), charge transfer reaction (R<sub>ct</sub>), interface layer (R<sub>SEI</sub>), diffusion process (W) and battery characteristics, such as the state of charge (SOC), temperature, and state of health (SOH).