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Confirmation of Large Super-fast Rotator (144977) 2005 EC <sub>127</sub>
Chang, Chan-Kao,Lin, Hsing-Wen,Ip, Wing-Huen,Lin, Zhong-Yi,Kupfer, Thomas,Prince, Thomas A.,Ye, Quan-Zhi,Laher, Russ R.,Lee, Hee-Jae,Moon, Hong-Kyu American Astronomical Society 2017 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.840 No.2
<P>(144977) 2005 EC127 is a V-/A-type inner-main-belt asteroid with a diameter of 0.6 +/- 0.1. km. Asteroids of this size are believed to have rubble-pile structure, and therefore cannot have a rotation period shorter than 2.2 hr. However, our measurements show that asteroid 2005 EC127 completes one rotation in 1.65 +/- 0.01. hr with a peakto-peak light-curve variation of similar to 0.5. mag. Therefore, this asteroid is identified as a large super-fast rotator. Either a rubble-pile asteroid with a bulk density of rho similar to 6 g. cm(-3) or an asteroid with an internal cohesion of 47 +/- 30. Pa can explain 2005 EC127. However, the scenario of high bulk density is very unlikely for asteroids. To date, only six large super-fast rotators, including 2005 EC127, have been reported, and this number is very small when compared with the much more numerous fast rotators. We also note that none of the six reporting large SFRs are classified as C-type asteroids.</P>
From Fixed to Float: A Competing Risks Analysis
Terence Tai-Leung Chong,Qing He,Wing Hong Chan 한국국제경제학회 2016 International Economic Journal Vol.30 No.4
This paper examines the determinants of the exchange rate regime of a country. A competing risks model is estimated. It is found that the way a country exits a fixed exchange rate regime is affected non-linearly by the duration of the peg. In addition, countries with a lower growth rate of reserves, higher occurrence of banking crises, higher concentration of trade and lower degree of capital-account liberalisation are more likely to experience a crisis-driven exit.
A New Rhodamine-based Fluorescent Probe for the Discrimination of Fe3+ from Fe2+
Qi-Hua You,Hua-Bin Huang,Zhi-Xia Zhuang,Xiao-Ru Wang,Wing-Hong Chan 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.11
A new rhodamine-based fluorescent probe for the discrimination of Fe3+ from Fe2+ has been designed and investigated. The probe shows an immediate visual color change in response to Fe3+ and Cu2+, while only Fe3+ triggers the fluorescent change of the probe. The existence of large amount of other metal ions shows negligible interference in the detection of Fe3+. The association constant Kass of 4.64 × 108 M−2 (R2 = 0.994) and 5.38 × 108 M−2 (R2 = 0.991) of the complex was derived from UV/Vis and fluorescence titration assuming 1:2 stoichiometry of probe–Fe3+ complex, respectively.
Chi-Ho Lee,Mei-Zhen Wu,David Tak-Wai Lui,Darren Shing-Hei Chan,Carol Ho-Yi Fong,Sammy Wing-Ming Shiu,Ying Wong,Alan Chun-Hong Lee,Joanne King-Yan Lam,Yu-Cho Woo,Karen Siu-Ling Lam,Kelvin Kai-Hang Yiu 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.6
Background: Insulin-treated patients with long duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of ketoacidosis related to sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). The extent of circulating ketone elevation in these patients remains unknown. We conducted this study to compare the serum ketone response between dapagliflozin, an SGLT2i, and sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, among insulin-treated T2DM patients.Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, active comparator-controlled study involving 60 insulin-treated T2DM patients. Participants were randomized 1:1 for 24-week of dapagliflozin 10 mg daily or sitagliptin 100 mg daily. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were measured at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks after intervention. Comprehensive cardiometabolic assessments were performed with measurements of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), vibration-controlled transient elastography and echocardiography.Results: Among these 60 insulin-treated participants (mean age 58.8 years, diabetes duration 18.2 years, glycosylated hemoglobin 8.87%), as compared with sitagliptin, serum BHB levels increased significantly after 24 weeks of dapagliflozin (P=0.045), with a median of 27% increase from baseline. Change in serum BHB levels correlated significantly with change in free fatty acid levels. Despite similar glucose lowering, dapagliflozin led to significant improvements in body weight (P=0.006), waist circumference (P=0.028), HDL-C (P=0.041), CEC (P=0.045), controlled attenuation parameter (P=0.007), and liver stiffness (P=0.022). Average E/e’, an echocardiographic index of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, was also significantly lower at 24 weeks in participants treated with dapagliflozin (P=0.037).Conclusion: Among insulin-treated T2DM patients with long diabetes duration, compared to sitagliptin, dapagliflozin modestly increased ketone levels and was associated with cardiometabolic benefits.
Ng, Maggie C.Y.,Park, Kyong Soo,Oh, Bermseok,Tam, Claudia H.T.,Cho, Young Min,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Lam, Vincent K.L.,Ma, Ronald C.W.,So, Wing Yee,Cho, Yoon Shin,Kim, Hyung-Lae,Lee, Hong Kyu,Chan, Juliana American Diabetes Association 2008 Diabetes Vol.57 No.8
<P><B>OBJECTIVE—</B> Recent genome-wide association studies have identified six novel genes for type 2 diabetes and obesity and confirmed <I>TCF7L2</I> as the major type 2 diabetes gene to date in Europeans. However, the implications of these genes in Asians are unclear.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—</B> We studied 13 associated single nucleotide polymorphisms from these genes in 3,041 patients with type 2 diabetes and 3,678 control subjects of Asian ancestry from Hong Kong and Korea.</P><P><B>RESULTS—</B> We confirmed the associations of <I>TCF7L2</I>, <I>SLC30A8</I>, <I>HHEX</I>, <I>CDKAL1</I>, <I>CDKN2A</I>/<I>CDKN2B</I>, <I>IGF2BP2</I>, and <I>FTO</I> with risk for type 2 diabetes, with odds ratios ranging from 1.13 to 1.35 (1.3 × 10<SUP>−12</SUP> < <I>P</I><SUB>unadjusted</SUB> < 0.016). In addition, the A allele of rs8050136 at <I>FTO</I> was associated with increased BMI in the control subjects (<I>P</I><SUB>unadjusted</SUB> = 0.008). However, we did not observe significant association of any genetic variants with surrogate measures of insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity indexes in a subset of 2,662 control subjects. Compared with subjects carrying zero, one, or two risk alleles, each additional risk allele was associated with 17% increased risk, and there was an up to 3.3-fold increased risk for type 2 diabetes in those carrying eight or more risk alleles. Despite most of the effect sizes being similar between Asians and Europeans in the meta-analyses, the ethnic differences in risk allele frequencies in most of these genes lead to variable attributable risks in these two populations.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS—</B> Our findings support the important but differential contribution of these genetic variants to type 2 diabetes and obesity in Asians compared with Europeans.</P>