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Wenlong Xu,Xue Yang,Binjie Xin 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.1
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/cellulose nanofibril (CNF) nanofiber membranes were successfully prepared by anelectrospinning method, in which the amount of CNF kept 1 wt%. The effects of CNF sizes on the morphology and propertyof spinning solutions and PAN electrospun nanofiber membrane were systematically investigated by rheological propertytest, conductivity test, SEM, TG, DSC, contact angle test and mechanical test. The results showed that the viscosity andconductivity of the spinning solution was improved with the increasing of CNF sizes, as the formation of the strong polarinteractions of nitrile groups and the hydroxyl groups between PAN and CNF. All the morphology of the PAN/CNF nanofibermembrane exhibited a uniform diameter with no visible beads or beads to the string structure, and the average diameter of thePAN/CNF nanofiber was decreased with the increasing of the CNF size. Moreover, the addition of CNF could improve thethermal stability, mechanical property, and hydrophilicity of the PAN membrane. And the PAN/CNF-10 nanofiber membraneexhibited the optimal properties.
Xu, Wenlong,Park, Ja Young,Kattel, Krishna,Bony, Badrul Alam,Heo, Woo Choul,Jin, Seonguk,Park, Jang Woo,Chang, Yongmin,Do, Ji Yeon,Chae, Kwon Seok,Kim, Tae Jeong,Park, Ji Ae,Kwak, Young Woo,Lee, Gang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.36 No.11
<P>Multiple molecular imaging is a challenging subject. Water-soluble and biocompatible lactobionic acid coated ultrasmall mixed gadolinium–europium oxide nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of 1.75 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 4.16 nm were synthesized and applied for <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> MRI-FI <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo.</I> They had <I>r</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>r</I><SUB>2</SUB> values of 11.9 and 38.7 s<SUP>−1</SUP> mM<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, and showed clear dose-dependent contrast changes in both <I>R</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>R</I><SUB>2</SUB> map images. In addition, they showed both positive and negative contrast enhancements in 3 tesla <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> MR images in a mouse, respectively, and fluorescent confocal images in both DU145 cells and <I>C</I>. <I>elegans</I> (a small nematode). This study demonstrates the <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> MRI-FI multi-functionality of lactobionic acid coated mixed gadolinium–europium oxide nanoparticles.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Water-soluble and biocompatible lactobionic acid coated ultrasmall mixed gadolinium–europium oxide nanoparticles (<I>d</I><SUB>avg</SUB> = 1.75 nm and <I>a</I><SUB>avg</SUB> = 4.16 nm) showed <I>T</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB> MRI-FI multi-functionality. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2nj40149e'> </P>
Application of Dye-coated Ultrasmall Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Dual Imaging
Xu Miao,Wenlong Xu,차현실,장용민,오인택,채권석,이강호 대한화학회 2017 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.38 No.9
Nanoparticles are very important in biomedical imaging because their imaging properties are superior to those of small molecules. They can be further functionalized for multimodal imaging through surface modification. In this study, we synthesized dye-coated ultrasmall gadolinium oxide nanoparticles [dye = fluorescein and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)] in one-pot and investigated their dual imaging properties. The dye-coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles exhibited excellent relaxometric properties suitable for T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): r1 = 9.8 s−1mM−1 (r2/r1 = 2.6) for fluorescein-coated nanoparticles (davg = 1.6 ± 0.1 nm) and r1 = 12.3 s−1mM−1 (r2/r1 = 2.3) for FITC-coated nanoparticles (davg = 1.4 ± 0.1 nm), and strong photoluminescence (PL) in the green region (around 514 nm) suitable for fluorescent imaging (FI). The dye-coated nanoparticles exhibited strong fluorescence in cellular confocal images and high contrast in T1 MR images in mice, suggesting that they are potential dual T1 MRI-FI agents.
Miao, Xu,Xu, Wenlong,Cha, Hyunsil,Chang, Yongmin,Oh, In Taek,Chae, Kwon Seok,Tegafaw, Tirusew,Ho, Son Long,Kim, Sung June,Lee, Gang Ho Elsevier 2019 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.477 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ultrasmall Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles can potentially be used as a positive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent owing to their high content of Gd(III), which exhibits the highest spin magnetic moment of all elements due to its seven unpaired 4<I>f</I> electrons. Herein, the above nanoparticles (average diameter = 2.0 nm) were coated with hydrophilic biocompatible polyacrylic acids (PAAs) of different molecular weights (<I>M</I> <SUB>w</SUB> = 1200, 5100, 15000 Da), and the PAA-size-dependent relaxometric properties of the thus obtained composites were investigated. In addition, the biocompatibility of these composites was assessed by <I>in-vitro</I> cell viability measurements. Finally, dose-dependent <I>R</I> <SUB>1</SUB> map images were acquired, proving that PAA-coated nanoparticles can be used as a <I>T</I> <SUB>1</SUB> MRI contrast agent.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PAA-coated ultrasmall Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles showed PAA-size dependent relaxometric properties. </LI> <LI> Both <I>r</I> <SUB>1</SUB> and <I>r</I> <SUB>2</SUB> values decreased with increasing PAA size (<I>M</I> <SUB>w</SUB> = 1200, 5100, 15000 Da). </LI> <LI> All samples showed good biocompatibility. </LI> <LI> All samples can be potential <I>T</I> <SUB>1</SUB> MRI contrast agents. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Bo Xu,Yingzhe WANG,Shixin ZHU,Haizhu ZHOU,Changlong GOU,Wenlong DONG,Yu Wang,Yunhang GAO,Hongxia MA 한국곤충학회 2019 Entomological Research Vol.49 No.1
Chalkbrood, which results from Ascosphaera apis infection, is one of the bee diseases that causes serious damage to the bee colony. Understanding the molecular bases underlying immune response to chalkbrood disease would facilitate the genetic breeding of bees by selecting races with superior chalkbrood resistance. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and pathways involved in the immune response to As. apis infection in A. mellifera larvae. In total, 2,890 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0.001) were identified between the healthy and As. apis infected bee larvae, including 2,214 up‐regulated and 676 down‐regulated unigenes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway classification of the DEGs revealed association with development, energy metabolism, signal transduction, disease, and immune response. Among the immune‐related genes, p38, toll‐like receptors (TLRs), integrin, and antimicrobial peptides were up‐regulated under As. apis infection. This study provides valuable gene transcriptional information towards the investigation of molecular mechanisms related to chalkbrood immune response and host pathogenesis in A. mellifera.
Tegafaw, Tirusew,Xu, Wenlong,Lee, Sang Hyup,Chae, Kwon Seok,Chang, Yongmin,Lee, Gang Ho World Scientific Publishing Company 2017 International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol.31 No.4
<P>Iron (Fe)-based nanoparticles are extremely valuable in biomedical applications owing to their low toxicity and high magnetization values at room temperature. In this study, we synthesized nearly monodisperse iron oxide (Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>) and Fe@Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> (core: Fe, shell: Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<TEX>$ _{4})$</TEX> nanoparticles in aqueous medium under argon flow and then, coated them with various biocompatible ligands and silica. In this study, eight types of surface-modified nanoparticles were investigated, namely, Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@PAA (PAA = polyacrylic acid; <TEX>$ M_{w}$</TEX> of PAA = 5100 amu and 15,000 amu), Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@PAA-FA (FA = folic acid; <TEX>$ M_{w}$</TEX> of PAA = 5100 amu and 15,000 amu), Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@PEI-fluorescein (PEI = polyethylenimine; <TEX>$ M_{w}$</TEX> of PEI = 1300 amu), Fe@Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@PEI (<TEX>$ M_{w}$</TEX> of PEI = 10,000 amu), Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and Fe@Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>@SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles. We characterized the prepared surface-modified nanoparticles using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) absorption spectroscopy, a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and confocal microscopy. Finally, we measured the cytotoxicity of the samples. The results indicate that the surface-modified nanoparticles are biocompatible and are potential candidates for various biomedical applications.</P>
Functional Graphene Derivatives for Chemotherapy-Based Synergistic Tumor Therapy
Xinyu Cui,Wenlong Cheng,Weili Xu,Wei Mu,XIAOJUN HAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.11
Starting from simplex drug delivery system, the graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) materials have been developed to be "combo" nanoplatforms containing multiple therapeutic modalities, such as the targeted drug delivery, imaging, as well as photothermal therapy (PTT) due to their distinctive physical/chemical and optical properties including excellent biocompatibility, modifiable active groups, ultra-large surface area, and intense photothermal effect. The graphene-based nanoplatforms were used for the stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, showing excellent therapeutic effects activated by endogenous stimuli including low pH, overexpressed enzymes, biomolecules, elevated glutathione, and exogenous stimuli including light, magnetic/electric field, and ultrasound. More importantly, for multimodal synergistic therapy originated from the enhanced collaborative interactions among several monotherapy types, the obtained remarkable super-additive effects were not the results just through single therapy or their theoretical combination. In this review, the recent progresses of smart graphene-based nanoplatforms for integrated cancer therapy and bio-imaging are presented. Current challenges and future perspectives of graphene-based nanoplatforms in the biomedical field are also discussed.