Caspase-3 inhibitor inhibits enterovirus D68 production

Wenbo Huo,Jinghua Yu,Chunyu Liu,Ting Wu,Yue Wang,Xiangling Meng,Fengmei Song,Shuxia Zhang,Ying Su,Yumeng Liu,Jinming Liu,Xiaoyan Yu,Shucheng Hua 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.9

Enterovirus D68 (EVD68) is an emerging pathogen that recently caused a large worldwide outbreak of severe respiratory disease in children. However, the relationship between EVD68 and host cells remains unclear. Caspases are involved in cell death, immune response, and even viral production. We found that caspase-3 was activated during EVD68 replication to induce apoptosis. Caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVDFMK) inhibited viral production, protected host cells from the cytopathic effects of EVD68 infection, and prevented EVD68 from regulating the host cell cycle at G0/G1. Meanwhile, caspase-3 activator (PAC-1) increased EVD68 production. EVD68 infection therefore activates caspase-3 for virus production. This knowledge provides a potential direction for the prevention and treatment of disease related to EVD68.

Trophoblast Cell Subtypes and Dysfunction in the Placenta of Individuals with Preeclampsia Revealed by Single‑Cell RNA Sequencing

Wenbo Zhou,Huiyan Wang,Yuqi Yang,Fang Guo,Bin Yu,Zhaoliang Su 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.5

Trophoblasts, important functional cells in the placenta, play a critical role in maintaining placental function. The heterogeneity of trophoblasts has been reported, but little is known about the trophoblast subtypes and distinctive functions during preeclampsia (PE). In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the cell type-specific transcriptomic changes by performing unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of placental tissue samples, including those of patients diagnosed with PE and matched healthy controls. A total of 29,006 cells were identified in 11 cell types, including trophoblasts and immune cells, and the functions of the trophoblast subtypes in the PE group and the control group were also analyzed. As an important trophoblast subtype, extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) were further divided into 4 subgroups, and their functions were preliminarily analyzed. We found that some biological processes related to pregnancy, hormone secretion and immunity changed in the PE group. We also identified and analyzed the regulatory network of transcription factors (TFs) identified in the EVTs, among which 3 modules were decreased in the PE group. Then, through in vitro cell experiments, we found that in one of the modules, CEBPB and GTF2B may be involved in EVT dysfunction in PE. In conclusion, our study showed the different transcriptional profiles and regulatory modules in trophoblasts between placentas in the control and PE groups at the single-cell level; these changes may be involved in the pathological process of PE, providing a new molecular theoretical basis for preeclamptic trophoblast dysfunction.

TCA: A Trusted Collaborative Anonymity Construction Scheme for Location Privacy Protection in VANETs

Zhang, Wenbo,Chen, Lin,Su, Hengtao,Wang, Yin,Feng, Jingyu Korean Society for Internet Information 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.10

As location-based services (LBS) are widely used in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), location privacy has become an utmost concern. Spatial cloaking is a popular location privacy protection approach, which uses a cloaking area containing k-1 collaborative vehicles (CVs) to replace the real location of the requested vehicle (RV). However, all CVs are assumed as honest in k-anonymity, and thus giving opportunities for dishonest CVs to submit false location information during the cloaking area construction. Attackers could exploit dishonest CVs' false location information to speculate the real location of RV. To suppress this threat, an edge-assisted Trusted Collaborative Anonymity construction scheme called TCA is proposed with trust mechanism. From the design idea of trusted observations within variable radius r, the trust value is not only utilized to select honest CVs to construct a cloaking area by restricting r's search range but also used to verify false location information from dishonest CVs. In order to obtain the variable radius r of searching CVs, a multiple linear regression model is established based on the privacy level and service quality of RV. By using the above approaches, the trust relationship among vehicles can be predicted, and the most suitable CVs can be selected according to RV's preference, so as to construct the trusted cloaking area. Moreover, to deal with the massive trust value calculation brought by large quantities of LBS requests, edge computing is employed during the trust evaluation. The performance analysis indicates that the malicious response of TCA is only 22% of the collaborative anonymity construction scheme without trust mechanism, and the location privacy leakage is about 32% of the traditional Enhanced Location Privacy Preserving (ELPP) scheme.

Study on the progressive collapse resistance of CP-FBSP connections in LCFST frame structe

Qingqing Xiong,Wenbo Wu,Wang Zhang,Zhihua Chen,Hongbo Liu,Tiancheng Su 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.44 No.3

When the vertical load-bearing members in high-rise structures fail locally, the beam-column joints play an important role in the redistribution of the internal forces. In this paper, a static laboratory test of three full-scale flush flange beam-reinforced connections with side and cover plates (CP-FBSP connection) with double half-span steel beams and single Lshaped columns composed of concrete-filled steel tubes (L-CFST columns) was conducted. The influence of the side plate width and cover plate thickness on the progressive collapse resistance of the substructure was thoroughly analyzed. The failure mode, vertical force-displacement curves, strain variation, reaction force of the pin support and development of internal force in the section with the assumed plastic hinge were discussed. Then, through the verified finite element model, the corresponding analyses of the thickness and length of the side plates, the connecting length between the steel beam flange and cover plate, and the vertical-force eccentricity were carried out. The results show that the failure of all the specimens occurred through the cracking of the beam flange or the cover plate, and the beam chord rotations measured by the test were all greater than 0.085 rad. Increasing the length, thickness and width of the side plates slightly reduced the progressive collapse resistance of the substructures. The vertical-force eccentricity along the beam length reduced the progressive collapse resistance of the substructure. An increase in the connecting length between the beam flange and cover plate can significantly improve the progressive collapse resistance of substructures.

Mesoproterozoic black shales in the North China Craton: Implications for multi-significant oxygenation events during the earth’s middle age?

Xiyan Zhu,Wenbo Su,Shuqi Liu,Taiping Zhao,Mingguo Zhai 대한지질학회 2022 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Effect of TiBCN Content on Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Ti/TiBCN Composite Coatings

Yuxin Li,Keqiang Su,Peikang Bai,Liyun Wu,Bin Liu,Hongwen Su,Wenbo Du 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.5

The Ti/TiBCN composite coatings were fabricated on the substrate of Ti6Al4V alloy by laser cladding. The effects of TiBCNcontent on the microstructre, microhardness, corrosion resistance and tribological properties of the composite coatings werestudied. The results showed that, when the TiBCN content was 60 wt%, the composite coatings were mainly composed ofthe dendritic and rod-shaped TiBCN phases, small white lump TiC phases, fine lamellar TiN phases, small and scatteredwhite block TiB2phases, In addition, there was a small quantity of short whisker Al3Tiphases and uniform layer blockTiAl phases. Furhtermore, the maximum microhardness was 1596 HV, which was about 4.6 folds greater than that of thesubstrate; the corrosion potential (Ecorr) reached − 1.258 V and the corrosion current density (Icorr) was 4.035 × 10−5 A/cm2,which was one order lower than that of the substrate (1.172 × 10−4 A/cm2); the worn surface was relatively smooth and themass loss (1.22 g) was only 9/50 of that of the substrate (6.71 g).

IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OPTIMIZATION BASED POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SMALL-SACLE MICROGRIDS

Yoon Dong SUNG,Wenbo Shi,Sea Shung OH,Su Yong CHAE,Il Oun LEE,Eun Kyu LEE,Yu Jin SONG 한국신재생에너지학회 2014 AFORE Vol.2014 No.-