Xylazole inhibits NO-cGMP pathway in fetal rat nerve cells

Xinyu Wang,Yue Wu,Lin Liu,Hui Bai,Zhiheng Zhang,Mingchao Zhao,Tianwen Ma,Xiaopeng Song,Lina Jia,Liangyu Lv,Yue Yu,Xinyu Xu,Hong Chen,Li Gao 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.1

Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions: This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.

Screening and Characterization of an Aerobic Nitrifying-denitrifying Bacterium from Activated Sludge

Xiaofan Qiu,Tianwen Wang,Xiaomin Zhong,Guocheng Du,Jian Chen 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2

Taking advantage of the good biocompatibility and high efficiency of nitrogen removal with microbes,nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, are becoming increasingly more widely used for wastewater treatment and prevention of eutrophication. In this research, an aerobic nitrifying-denitrifying bacterium was successfully screened from activated sludge and identified as Pseudomonas sp. (CCTCC No M2010209) by the 16S rDNA sequence. The activity verification confirmed its nitrifying-denitrifying capability of removing ammonium, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. The types of carbon sources and carbon-nitrogen ratio greatly influenced the removal efficiency of NH4+-N and NO3−-N. When the initial concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3−-N in synthetic wastewater were less than 70 and 50mg/L, the nitrogen removal rates reached 94 and 90% in 9 h, respectively. Preliminary comparisons of nitrogen removal capacity between this isolate and other commercial preparations in the treatment of synthetic wastewater revealed its promising potential to be used in the actual wastewater treatment.

Development and Application of Polymorphic SSR Markers in Luffa cylindrica

Junjie Cui,Zhen Lv,Tianwen Yang,Jing Wang,Yu Hong 한국원예학회 2022 원예과학기술지 Vol.40 No.5

Two published genomes of Luffa cylindrica, ‘SG2019’ and ‘SO3’, were used to develop polymorphic SSR markers for L. cylindrica by searching and comparing the SSR motifs at the same site in the two genomes. Based on the SSR search conditions and primer design criteria, 2130 polymorphic SSR markers for L. cylindrica were developed. The main motif type was dinucleotide, accounting for 80.28% of the total; the main motif units were AT/AT and AAT/ATT, accounting for 87.80% of the total. Furthermore, 40 polymorphic SSR markers developed in this study were randomly selected and amplified in 24 Luffa samples. According to the results, the 40 polymorphic SSR markers showed an amplification rate of 100% and a polymorphism rate of 80%. Cluster analysis classified the 24 Luffa samples into two main groups, L. cylindrica and L. acutangula. Overall, the polymorphic SSR markers developed in this study display a high polymorphic rate and reliable utilization value.

Optimization and High-level Expression of a Functional GST-tagged rHLT-B in Escherichia coli and GM1 Binding Ability of Purified rHLT-B

Ma Xingyuan,Zheng Wenyun,Wang Tianwen,Wei Dongzhi,Ma Yushu The Microbiological Society of Korea 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.3

The Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (HLT-B) is one of the most powerful mucosal immunogens and known mucosal adjuvants. However, the induction of high levels of HLT-B expression in E. coli has proven a difficult proposition. Therefore, in this study, the HLT-B gene was cloned from pathogenic E. coli and expressed as a fusion protein with GST (glutathion S-transferase) in E. coli BL2l (DE3), in an attempt to harvest a large quantity of soluble HLT-B. The culture conditions, including the culture media used, temperature, pH and the presence of lactose as an inducer, were all optimized in order to obtain an increase in the expression of soluble GST-rHLT-B. The biological activity of the purified rHLT-B was assayed in a series of GMI-ELISA experiments. The findings of these trials indicated that the yield of soluble recombinant GST-rHLT-B could be increased by up to 3-fold, as compared with that seen prior to the optimization, and that lactose was a more efficient alternative inducer than IPTG. The production of rHLT-B, at 92 % purity, reached an optimal level of 96 mg/l in a 3.7 L fermentor. The specific GM1 binding ability of the purified rHLT-B was determined to be almost identical to that of standard CTB.

Optimization and High-level Expression of a Functional GST-tagged rHLT-B in Escherichia coli and GM1 Binding Ability of Purified rHLT-B

Xingyuan Ma,Wenyun Zheng,Tianwen Wang,Dongzhi Wei 한국미생물학회 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.3

The Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (HLT-B) is one of the most powerful mucosal immunogens and known mucosal adjuvants. However, the induction of high levels of HLT-B expression in E. coli has proven a difficult proposition. Therefore, in this study, the HLT-B gene was cloned from pathogenic E. coli and expressed as a fusion protein with GST (glutathion S-transferase) in E. coli BL21 (DE3), in an attempt to harvest a large quantity of soluble HLT-B. The culture conditions, including the culture media used, temperature, pH and the presence of lactose as an inducer, were all optimized in order to obtain an increase in the expression of soluble GST-rHLT-B. The biological activity of the purified rHLT-B was assayed in a series of GM1-ELISA experiments. The findings of these trials indicated that the yield of soluble recombinant GST-rHLT-B could be increased by up to 3-fold, as compared with that seen prior to the optimization, and that lactose was a more efficient alternative inducer than IPTG. The production of rHLT-B, at 92% purity, reached an optimal level of 96 mg/l in a 3.7 L fermentor. The specific GM1 binding ability of the purified rHLT-B was determined to be almost identical to that of standard CTB.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Squeeze Cast Al-5 Mg-3Zn-1Cu-1Si Alloy Along Cross Section

Zhongyang Li,Qudong Wang,Huaping Tang,Tianwen Liu,Chuan Lei,Haiyan Jiang,Wenjiang Ding 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10

The variation of microstructure and mechanical properties along the cross section of squeeze cast Al-5Mg-3Zn-1Cu-1Sialloy is studied under both squeeze-cast and peak-aged condition (470 °C × 24 h + 125 °C × 24 h). For squeeze-cast alloy,along the depth direction, second dendrite arm space and the percentage of -Al increase significantly, while the volumefraction of T-Mg32(AlZnCu)49 and Mg2Siphase showed a dramatic decrease. The ultimate tensile strength of squeeze-castalloy slightly decreased from 357.04 MPa for the surface layer to 344.21 MPa for the central layer, yield strength droppedfrom 296.86 MPa to 241.03 MPa, but the elongation almost tripled from 1.42% to 3.78%. After peak aging, the ultimatetensile strength of surface layer and central layer reached 538.45 MPa and 504.03 MPa, yield strength reached 447.46 MPaand 442.65 MPa, and the elongation reached 5.23% and 3.97% respectively. Meanwhile the difference of ultimate tensilestrength and elongation was increased, but that of yield strength reduced after aging treatment. Precipitation strengtheningis the main strengthening mechanism while the improvement in ductility is due to the dissolution of T-Mg32(AlZnCu)49 andthe morphological change of eutectic Mg2Si.

Effects of boron source composition ratio on the microstructure and adsorption performance of hexagonal boron nitride prepared by template method

Zhang Ning,Liu Huan,Zhang Tianwen,Kan Hongmin,Wang Xiaoyang,Cui Xingyu 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.3

The paper was prepared spherical hexagonal boron nitride with different microstructures under flowing ammoniaatmosphere. The effect of boron source component ratios (molar ratio of borax and boric acid) on the phase composition ofthe sample were studied: the work also explored the effect of boron source component ratio on the microstructure andadsorption performance of h-BN. Spherical hexagonal boron nitride had corresponding to shell structure, mesoporousstructure, and solid structure when the ratio of boron source components respectively was 1 : 0.5, 1 : 1, and 1 : 2. Between 1 : 1and 1:0.5, the former had an lower adsorptions at low relative pressures. On the contrary, the adsorption of former wouldincreased at higher relative pressures and reached up 276.02 cm3 g−1, and the maximum adsorption of the latter reached only228.20 cm3 g−1. Under any relative pressure, the adsorption capacity was the lowest when the boron source composition ratiowas 1 : 2.