All-trans Retinoic Acid-Enhanced Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Secretion of Human Monocytic THP-1

VU THI HIEN Gachon University 2017 국내석사

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) also known as gelatinase A, belongs to (MMPs) family and involves in breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM). Previous studies showed that MMP-2 not only participates in processes of invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis and it also plays an important role in inflammation by cleavage of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In this study, we investigated the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, on MMP-2 expression of human monocyte THP-1. Cells treated with various concentrations (from 0.1 nM to 1 μM or 10 μM) or various time points (from 6 h to 72 h) showed a significant increase in MMP-2 mRNA expression. However, cell surface MMP-2 protein was decreased. To evaluate the level of secreted-MMP-2 proteins, culture supernatant was collected, concentrated and subjected to western blot analysis or enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Upon ATRA treatment, MMP-2 secretion was induced in both time-and concentration-dependent manners. In Western blot data, MMP-2 secretion from THP-1 cells started to increase after 6 h and reached maximum after 48 h treatment with 100 nM ATRA. Similarly, the data obtained from ELISA indicated the same tendency. Experiments with agonists or antagonists for retinoic acid receptor (RAR) or retinoid X receptor (RXR) revealed that ATRA-induced MMP-2 secretion depends on classical RARα-RXRα heterodimer pathway. There was an increase of intracellular calcium level by ATRA treatment and this increase was inhibited by the treatment with RAR or RXR antagonists or calcium channel blockers Verapamil. Our results revealed that ATRA induced-MMP-2 secretion of human monocytes is mediated through RAR/RXR signaling pathway and dependent on calcium. Additional studies are necessary to fully elucidate the function of secreted MMP-2 induced by ATRA. Keywords: All-trans retinoic acid, Matrix metalloproteinase-2, Secretion, RAR/RXR, THP-1.

Enabling multi-domain service function chaining for network service outsourcing

Vu Anh Vu Soongsil university 2017 국내석사

Recently, Software-defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization has been reforming data centers, giving them the ability to accommodate various new technologies, including Service Function Chaining, which provides quick and flexible network service provision by defining an ordered list of service functions that data packets have to go through. Currently, service providers make service function chains from their services deployed in their data centers. However, in some situations, they need to outsource their services to other third-party providers. This thesis proposes a platform, including its architecture built on top of current Network Function Virtualization model and necessary protocols, to enable distributing Service Function Chaining over multiple managing domains, aiming to establish an environment for Network Service Outsourcing. On top of this platform, we propose a service function path selection algorithm which provides the balance between service chain startup delay and end-to-end latency, adapting to service function chain requirements. Finally, the implementation of the architecture and our algorithm performance evaluation will be shown. 최근에는 소프트웨어 정의 네트워킹 및 네트워크 기능 가상화가 데이터 센터를 개편하여 서비스 기능 체인을 포함한 다양한 신기술을 수용할 수 있게 되었다. 서비스 기능 체인은 데이터 패킷이 순서화 된 서비스 기능 목록을 정의하여 빠르고 유연한 네트워크 서비스를 제공한다. 현재 서비스 제공 업체는 데이터 센터에 구축 된 서비스만으로 서비스 기능 체인을 만든다. 그러나 일부 상황에서는 다른 공급 업체에 서비스를 아웃소싱 해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 서비스 아웃소싱 환경 구축을 목표로 다중 관리 영역에 분산된 서비스 기능 체이닝을 가능하도록 하는 프로토콜과 플랫폼을 제안한다. 제안된 플랫폼에서 서비스 기능의 초기구성 지연과 종단간 서비스 지연 사이의 균형을 제공하는 서비스 기능 경로 선택 알고리즘을 구현하고 평가한다.

Accelerating the evolution of bacteriophages targeting Acinetobacter baumannii in host range expansion and determination of its background genetic mechanisms

Vu Thao Nguyen Graduate School, Yonsei University 2024 국내박사

Prior to the discovery and widespread use of antibiotics, bacteriophages (phages) were a potential solution for preventing and treating bacterial infections (1, 2). With the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, there has been a renewed interest in phages (3). However, a major limitation to using phage as therapy is their narrow host range, limiting their effectiveness to specific bacterial strains of the same species (4). To address this limitation, phage training, such as Appelmans protocol, has been proposed as a strategy for expanding the host range of phages (5). Despite its potential, there are currently no reports of the protocol being applied to phages targeting Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a variety of hospitalacquired infections with high mortality rate (6). The aims of my dissertation were to apply the Appelmans protocol for expanding the host range of a phage cocktail targeting A. baumannii and evaluate the therapeutic potential of the expanded host range phages generated from the protocol. Additionally, the genetic mechanism underlying the protocol was also investigated to gain insights into its effectiveness. Chapter I provides a brief overview of Acinetobacter baumannii and highlights the significant global concern surrounding carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) strains. Furthermore, it introduces the fundamental background on bacteriophages and phage therapy, along with their limitations and discusses various approaches to overcome these challenges. Chapter II describes the application of the Appelmans protocol as a host range expansion method to broaden the host range of a phage cocktail targeting CRAB. The assessment of the host range expansion covered both the output cocktail and individual phage clones generated from the method. While the protocol consistently demonstrated the capability to expand the host range of the cocktail, it faced challenges when dealing with CRAB strains. Chapter III delves into the screening and characterization process used to identify potential therapeutic phages. The focus was on evaluating individual phage clones generated from the Appelmans protocol for therapeutic applications. Throughout the evaluation, key factors such as host range stability,lytic growth, transduction potential, and the absence of toxin genes were rigorously examined. However, it is noteworthy that the expanded host range phages obtained from this protocol exhibited limited stability, raising concerns about their suitability for therapeutic purposes. Chapter IV discusses the genetic insights into the Appelmans protocol’s mechanism, not only based on previous studies involving phages targeting different bacterial species but also when applied to the phage cocktail targeting CRAB. A bioinformatics workflow was established to analyze the ancestral of the expanded host range generated from the protocol and the finding revealed that they were recombinant derivatives of prophages induced from encountered bacterial strains. Favorable conditions and explanations for prophage induction during this protocol were proposed to support this genetic mechanism. In conclusion, this dissertation focused on the potential and challenges of a phage training method, especially, the Appelmans protocol in expanding the host range of phages for therapeutic applications. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying phage-host interactions to optimize phage therapy strategies for combating antibioticresistant bacterial infections. Parts of this dissertation are adapted from Vu TN, Clark JR, Jang E, D'Souza R, Nguyen LP, Pinto NA, et al. Appelmans protocol - A directed in vitro evolution enables induction and recombination of prophages with expanded host range. Virus Res. 2023;339:199272.

Preparation of aminoclay-polymer nanocomposite hydrogels

BUI KHAC HOANG VU Gachon University 2017 국내석사

Aminoclay has been revealed to have potential in many applications. In this research, we used freezing-thawing method for 3 consecutive cycles to prepare poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels composite with magnesium organophyllosilicate (MgAC) and zinc organophyllosilicate (ZnAC-[Cl2]). These hydrogels were tested by gel fraction, swelling ratio and SEM observation. In general, the presence of aminoclay materials reduced the gel fraction but increased the swelling ratio and porous size of hydrogels. The radial diffusion method was applied for antimicrobial test. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were chosen as harmful bacteria. The ZnAC-[Cl2]/PVA hydrogels have stronger antimicrobial activity compared to MgAC/PVA hydrogels. We also prepared MgAC/PVA hydrogels with silver nanowire (AgNW) at different concentration. From initial experiments, silver nanowire enhanced antimicrobial activity but did not affect gel fraction and swelling ratio ability

High efficiency hybrid resonant converter topologies suitable for implementing CC/CV charge of the Electric Vehicle Battery Pack

Vu Hai Nam 숭실대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

A full-bridge dc-dc converter is widely used in medium and high power applications such as battery charger in electric vehicle and dc-dc converter in energy storage system. Full-bridge dc-dc converter can be classified into two common types. They are full-bridge PWM converter and full-bridge resonant converter. A well-known full-bridge PWM converter is phase shift full-bridge (PSFB) converter which can achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) for all primary switches. Conventional PSFB converter exists some fundamental drawbacks such as hard-switching turn-off of all primary switches, oscillation voltage across rectifier diodes, and reverse recovery current of rectifier diodes. To overcome these drawbacks, chapter 1 proposes a PSFB converter with a resonant active snubber. The proposed converter can achieve nearly ZCS turn-off for all primary switches, clamp oscillation voltage across rectifier diodes and remove reverse recovery current of rectifier diodes. A 3.3 kW prototype converter is implemented to verify the improvement of the proposed PSFB converter. A well-known full-bridge resonant converter is full-bridge LLC resonant converter which can achieve ZVS and naturally eliminate oscillation voltage across rectifier diodes. However, in the case of the battery charger application in which requires CC and CV mode operation, it becomes more challenging due to the wide range of frequency variation. To overcome this problem, chapter 2 proposes a novel dual full-bridge LLC resonant converter. The proposed dual FBLLC resonant converter can implement CC and CV charge for the battery with a narrow range of switching frequency. The dual structure makes the proposed converter possible to achieve ZVS and nearly ZCS for all the primary switches in CC mode operation. Since the proposed converter can operate with a narrow frequency in CV mode, it can minimize the circulating current and achieve nearly ZCS condition. A 6.6 kW prototype converter is implemented to verify the validity of proposed converter and the maximum efficiency of 98.3% was achieved 풀 브리지 DC / DC 컨버터는 전기 자동차 배터리 충전기와 에너지 저장 시스템의 DC / DC 컨버터 등 중용량 및 고용량 전력 응용에 널리 사용되고 있습니다. 풀 브리지 DC / DC 컨버터는 두 개의 일반적인 유형으로 분류 할 수 있는데, 풀 브리지 PWM 컨버터와 풀 브리지 공진형 컨버터입니다. 잘 알려진 풀 브리지 PWM 컨버터는 모든 기본 스위치에 제로 전압 스위칭 (ZVS)을 실현할 수 있는 위상 시프트 풀 브리지 (PSFB) 컨버터입니다. 기존의 PSFB 컨버터는 모든 주요 스위치의 하드 스위칭 턴 오프, 정류 다이오드에서의 발진 전압 및 역회복 전류 등의 단점이 있습니다. 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 제 1 장에서는 공진형 액티브 스너버를 갖춘 PSFB 컨버터를 제안하고 있습니다. 제안된 컨버터는 모든 주요 스위치에 거의 영전류 턴 오프를 실현하여 정류 다이오드 사이의 발진 전압 및 클램프 정류 다이오드의 역회복 전류를 제거 할 수 있습니다. 제안 된 PSFB 컨버터의 성능 개선을 검증하기 위해 3.3kW 프로토 타입 컨버터가 구현되었습니다. 또 다른 하나의 풀 브리지 공진 컨버터는 영전압 스위칭을 실현하고 정류 다이오드에서의 발진 전압을 자연스럽게 제거하는 풀 브리지 LLC 공진 컨버터이다. 그러나 CC 모드 및 CV 모드 동작을 필요로 하는 배터리 충전기의 경우, 넓은 범위에서 주파수가 변동하는 문제점이 있습니다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 2 장에서는 새로운 듀얼 풀 브리지 LLC 공진 컨버터를 제안하고 있습니다. 제안 된 듀얼 풀 브리지 LLC 공진 컨버터는 좁은 범위의 스위칭 주파수에서 배터리 CC 충전 및 CV 충전을 구현할 수 있습니다. 이중 구조로 제안 된 컨버터는 CC 모드 동작에서 모든 주요 스위치에 영전압 스위칭과 영전류 스위칭을 달성 할 수 있게 됩니다. 제안 된 컨버터는 CV 모드 동작에서 좁은 영역의 주파수에서 동작 할 수 있기 때문에 순환 전류를 최소화 시킬 수 있고 영전류 스위칭을 달성 할 수 있습니다. 제안 된 컨버터의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 6.6kW 프로토 타입 컨버터가 구현되어 98.3 %의 최대 효율을 달성했습니다.

(A) study on air pollution by transportation in Hanoi city toward improvement of urban air quality management

Vu Thanh Con 영남대학교 박정희새마을대학원 2018 국내석사

베트남의 대기 질 지수는 세계에서 가장 낮은 수치 중 하나다. 대기 환경의 질을 조사한 180 개국에서 베트남의 대기 질 성능 지수는 131위를 차지했다. 다른 지역과 비교할 때 하노이는 베트남에서 가장 오염 된 도시로 간주된다. 정부와 시청은 오염을 줄이기위한 정책과 연구를 수행해 왔지만 지금까지 하노이의 대기 오염 상황은 개선되지 않았다. 따라서이 이논문의 목적은 대기 오염 수준, 대기 질 관리에 관한 기존 정책의 상태를 평가하고 하노이의 대기 환경을 개선하는 해결책을 찾는 것이다. 이 논문에서 사용 된 연구 방법에는 적절한 해결책을 제공하기위한 기초 자료 인 2차 데이터, 사례 연구 및 전문가 심층 인터뷰가 포함된다. 세계 여러 도시의 대기 질 관리에 관한 문헌 검토 그리고 하노이의 실제 상황과 심층 인터뷰의 결과를바탕으로 평가한후, 이눈문이 오염의 주요 원인은 교통이고, 그리고하노이의 대기 질 관리의 한계는 불완전한 법률정책, 빈약하고 뒤떨어지는 대기 질 모니터링 시스템, 비능률적인 정책 및 자원과 같은 핵심 요소의 영향으로 인해 되는것을 찾아냈다. 결과적으로, 논문의 마지막 부분은 하노이의 대기 질을 개선하기위한여러 일반적인 정책과 구체적인 정책을 제안했다. Vietnam's air quality index is one of the lowest in the world. In the 180 countries surveyed for the quality of the air environment, Vietnam's air quality performance index is ranked # 131. Compared to other regions, Hanoi - the capital city is considered as the most polluted city in Vietnam. The government, as well as the city council has been implementing policies and research to reduce pollution, but so far, the air pollution situation in Hanoi has not improved.Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to assess the level of air pollution, the current status of existing policies on air quality management and to find solutions that are sustainable and appropriate to improve the quality of the air environment in Hanoi.The research methods used in this thesis include secondary data, case study and expert depth-interview as the basis for providing appropriate policy solutions.Based on the literature review on air quality management in many cities around the world, the actual situation in Hanoi and the results of in-depth interviews, it shows that transportation is aprimary source of pollution; and the limitations of air quality management in Hanoi are due to the weakness of key elements such as complete legislation, air quality monitoring system, effective policy and resources.As a result, final part of thesis has suggested the general policies and more specific policies and methods to improve air quality in Hanoi.

한국 산조가야금(12현)과 베트남 단쨍(16현)의 연주법 비교 연구

VU THI VIET HONG 한국예술종합학교 전통예술원 2010 국내석사

The Dan Tranh (Thap luc) has sixteen metal trings, is a traditional Vietnamese string musical instrument in the zither category. The word "Tranh" is a Sino - Vietnamese tone of the Chinese "Zheng". It has a lot of congenial musical instrument at Asian countries, as "Koto" in Japan, "Gayageum" in Korea…and as same as the Vietnamese Dan Tranh. The Dan Tranh as well as the Gayageum musical instrument, having an advantage as nice sound and form together with the high development on playing technique and the abundant quantity of score. Now both of them have an important role, existed at many musical genres, become a typical musical instruments unable to be lacked in the traditional musical instrument treasure of one’s country. The theme of thesis is "Comparison between the playing technique of Sanjo Gayageum and Vietnamese Dan Tranh". It is includes three principal chapters. Chapter one, I introduce first some trait about Vietnamese music and its Dan Tranh. Chapter two, I introduce three traditional music genres symbolized to three regions of Vietnam as Vietnamese traditional Operetta music of the North (Nha.c che`o), Hue music of the Centre (Nha.c Hue~) and Amateur reformed theatre of the South (Nha.c ca^i lu'o'ng) playing by Dan Tranh. Chapter three is the principal chapter of thesis, in which, I introduce cursorily on structure of two musical instruments, its tuning system, position and playing technique. Through that introduction, i can make detailly a fact finding on differentiated and similar points between these two musical instruments. On material, both musical instruments are made out of Paulownia wood and using the Movable bridges to measure the interval between every string are possible to be moved for readjusting the sound height. Dan Tranh uses soft and small metal string, so when using vibrating, pressing technique...not needing to spend many forces but creating clear and pure sounds. In contrary, Gayageum uses silk material for bigger string, so, when using vibrating, pressing technique it requests a more force of left hand and the musical sound is more solid and warm bass than one of Dan Tranh. Right hand technique of both instruments are considered as the place which creates the sound such as plucking, tremolo, flicking…but in Dan Tranh, musicians used three pluctrums (Mong dan) are put on the top of fingers for plucking, while Gayageum plucking by their own finger to puck. Gayageum uses much flick manner with index finger and middle finger, but this technique is not existed in Dan Tranh. This is special different point between Dan Tranh and Gayageum. And the left hand is the place creating the spirit part of the instrument. The left hand contributes its part by creating clearly the sound effect through the vibrating, pressing…Dan Tranh using three fingers (index finger, middle finger and ring finger) to slightly press on the string, while Gayageum using only two fingers (index finger and middle finger) and some time using the thumb to press the string, it make the sound effect is very different. Through the studying process on playing technique between two instruments, I realize that, beside similar points as plucking or pressing string, there are some different techniques and there are also techniques that one in two instrument did not have. I think the principal cause is that Dan Tranh used three pluctrums to pluck. Apart from the difference on musical instrument faculty, it should pay attention to the difference on musical special traits of every region, every country. I am sure that my opinions do not shun of short comings because of my limited capacity. So, I wish to receive contributing opinions of Professors, reasoning researchers with the hope that our music and traditional musical instrument, in which, Dan Tranh and Gayageum are existed will more and more contribute worthily in the spiritual living of one's country as well as, toward international friends. 전통곡이든 현대곡이든 선율 뿐 아니라, 농현 등 연주 기법이 음악 스타일을 결정하는데 중요하다. 연주 기법을 통해 음악 장르의 스타일 뿐 아니라 음악의 느낌까지도 알 수 있다. 이러한 이유로, 악기 연주 기법은 전통 음악과 악기를 보존하고 발전시키는데 매우 중요하다. 산조가야금과 단쨍 두 악기는 좋은 음색과 모양을 가지고 있고, 연주법이 발달하면서 악곡 또한 많아져서, 현대에 이르러 모든 장르의 음악에서 빠질 수 없는 악기가 되었고 많은 대중의 사랑을 받고 있다. 이 논문에서 연구하고자 한 바는 단쨍과 가야금을 그 연주법과 악기구조의 상세한 비교를 통해, 연주 기법과 구조의 유사성과 차이점이 무엇인지를 알아보고 두 나라의 음악과 음색의 특성을 좀 더 깊기 있게 이해하기 위한 것이었다. 그러기 위해 우선 두 악기의 구조를 형태와 재료를 위주로 분석하였고, 두 악기의 역사적 발달 과정을 연구하였으며, 대표적인 연주곡과 연주 기법을 알아보았다. 본 논문의 제 1장에서는 베트남의 음악문화와 단쨍이라는 악기의 기원에 대하여 서술하였다,. 베트남 음악의 특징을 밝히기 위해 베트남의 지리와 역사를 알아보았으며 단쨍의 기원에 대한 예술사학자들의 의견을 살펴보았다. 또한 단쨍으로 연주되는 대표적인 악곡들을 간략히 소개하였고 단쨍의 개량에 대해서도 서술하였다. 제 2장에서는 단쨍으로 연주되는 베트남 전통음악을 지역별로 구분하여, 크게 3가지 음악으로 소개하였다. 여기에는 북부지방의 전통극음악 (냑 째오 Nhac Cheo), 중부지방의 훼(Hue)음악 (냑 훼 Nhac Hue), 남부지방의 재편된 극음악 (따이 Em Tai tu - 까이르엉 Cai luong) 이 있다. 제 3장에서는 본격적으로 단쨍과 산조가야금의 연주기법을 비교하였다. 우선 각 악기의 형태와 재료를 바탕으로 그 구조를 비교하여 유사성과 차이점을 밝혔다. 그리고 두 악기의 연주 자세와 조율법, 전통악곡의 연주기법을 비교하고 현대적인 주법에 대해서도 악곡 분석을 통해 상세히 알아보았다. 단쨍과 산조가야금은, 뉘어놓은 몸체에 안족이라는 브릿지를 세우고 거기에 술을 걸어 손가락으로 뜯어서 연주하는 악기라는 점에서 유사하고. 재료에 있어서는 차이를 보인다. 연주 기법에는 두 악기가 서로 비슷한 점이 많은데, 오른손 세 손가락으로 현을 뜯거나 밀어서 연주한다는 것과 왼손으로 현을 눌러 농현한다는 점이 비슷하다. 그러나 세부적인 연주기법을 살펴보면 왼손과 오른손의 연주기법이 조금씩 달랐고, 그 차이는 바로 두 나라의 문화와 역사의 차이에서 비롯되는 것이었다. 그것은 두 나라의 음악의 차이를 살펴보면 더욱 분명해지는데, 단쨍으로 연주되는 베트남의 전통음악은 밝고 경쾌한 음색에 부드럽고 화려한 반면, 산조가야금으로 연주되는 한국의 전통산조는 애절하면서도 힘이 있고 그 진폭이 깊다. 이렇게 두 악기를 비교 연구한 본 논문이, 두 나라의 음악문화를 더 잘 이해하고, 두 나라의 전통음악 발전에 기여하는데 도움이 되기를 바란다, 나아가 양국 간에 더욱 활발한 문화예술 교류가 이루어지는 것도 기대해 본다.

Adsorptive removal of hazards from an aqueous solution using ZIF-8 decorated vermiculite

Vu Thi Hue 한양대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

Natural clay materials are common adsorbents for toxic pollutants in water. In spite of their high abundance, aluminosilicate-based clays with a negative surface charge are seldom utilized as adsorbents for anionic dyes due to their low adsorption capacity. To overcome this drawback, the surface of exfoliated vermiculite (eVMT) clay was chemically modified by zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles. The hybrid eVMT@ZIF-8 adsorbent exhibited that microporous ZIF-8 nanocrystals with an average size of 40 nm were strongly attached and densely distributed on the surface of planar eVMT, thus providing a great surface area and a reversal in surface charge polarity. This hybrid nanomaterial was investigated as an adsorbent for the removal of such as anionic congo red (CR) dye and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. In the CR adsorption, experimental parameters including solution pH, initial CR concentration and contact time had been evaluated and optimized. Remarkably, the significant CR uptake of 126.6 mg/g was observed for eVMT@ZIF-8 via surface ZIF-8 modification. The adsorption data was well interpreted with the Langmuir isotherm model and a pseudo-second order kinetic, suggesting the chemisorption of CR on eVMT@ZIF-8 in monolayer. The adsorption mechanism was proposed to the electrostatic interactions between the positive nitrogen and metal cation of surface ZIF-8 and negatively charged groups (SO3- and –N=N-) of anionic CR dye. Furthermore, the same eVMT@ZIF-8 material was tested to adsorb Cu(II) cations from an aqueous solution. The Cu adsorption also follows the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorption equilibrium was reached only after 5 min, with 90% removal of Cu(II). The Cu(II) uptake was 143 mg/g, being 4.8 times higher than that of eVMT. The rapid and enhanced adsorption uptake was interpreted with the ion exchange reaction between Cu(II) and Zn(II) within ZIF-8. These results reveal that the novel eVMT@ZIF-8 adsorbent could be a cost-effective adsorbent for harmful pollutants in aqueous solution.

Clay mineralogy of Oligocene-Miocene sediments in the Cuu Long Basin : smectite diagenesis and its relation to paleotemperature

Vu, The Anh Graduate School, Yonsei University 2010 국내석사

Electrical controller design for Fluorescence imaging system and scanning acoustic microscopy

VU DINH DAT 부경대학교 2021 국내석사

The modern embedded system has been largely developed in most of the current fields like industrial, medical, education, etc... It is often based on the microcontroller, combination of microprocessor, memory and peripheral interfaces to process some specific tasks in the complex system. In this thesis, for the purpose of embedded system development, we designed the electrical controller, both hardware and firmware, for two particular applications: the fluorescence imaging system (FIM) and the scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM). Firstly, the printed circuits board (PCB), with the primary components of microcontrollers and integrated circuit, is designed and fabricated. And the firmware is developed based on the manufacturer's software to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. After that, they are tested carefully in real-time, and modified several times to ensure meeting the rigorous requirements of accuracy, latency, stabilization. And finally, they are integrated to the larger system, which consists of mechanical part and other electrical part, to operate in the real condition.