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( Vellingiri Balachandar ),( Subramaniam Mohana Devi ),( Meyyazhagan Arun ),( S Haripriya ),( Iyer Mahalakshmi ),( Sn Dharwadkar ),( Keshavarao Sasikala ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ids one of the most common cancer worldwide. Polymorphism in p53 and XRCC1 genes were associated with increased risk of early-onset HCC. We thus hypothesized that, these polymorphism could be more likely in South Indian population. However the status of these mutations in South Indian HCC had not been studied. Methods: In the present study 130 HCC patients and 130 control subjects were analyzed for known polymorphisms in the p53 and XRCC1 genes. Results: In the Arg194Trp polymorphism of p53 gene, we found 19.05% with Arg- 399Trp (heterozygous variant) genotype and 1.6% with 399Trp (homozygous variant) in comparison to controls who exhibited 90.39% with wild type genotype. In Arg399Gln polymorphism of XRCC1 gene, 46.17% were found to have Arg399Gln (heterozygous variant) genotype and 10.11% were found to have 399Gln (homozygous variant) genotype in comparison to controls who exhibited 55% individuals with heterozygous variant genotype and 16.75% with homozygous variant genotype. This polymorphic incidence revealed signifi cant association with advanced stages of the HCC and also well differentiated tumor. Conclusions: Thus the results of our study provide the genetic variations of p53 and XRCC1 which may contribute to the susceptibility to HCC in South India. The results suggest that, these genes could play a signifi cant role in HCC and the combined effect of these variants may interact to increase the risk of HCC in Indian population.
Balamuralikrishnan, Balasubramanian,Balachandar, Vellingiri,Kumar, Shanmugam Suresh,Stalin, Nattan,Varsha, Prakash,Devi, Subramaniam Mohana,Arun, Meyyazhagan,Manikantan, Pappuswamy,Venkatesan, Chinnak Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6
Extremely low frequency electro magnetic fields (EMFs) have been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. An increased number of chromosomal alterations in peripheral lymphocytes are correlated with elevated incidence of cancer. The aim of the present study was to assess occupationally induced chromosomal damage in EMF workers exposed to low levels of radiation. We used conventional metaphase chromosome aberration (CA) analysis and the micronucleus (MN) assay as biological indicators of non ionizing radiation exposure. In the present study totally 70 subjects were selected including 50 exposed and 20 controls. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants and the study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the approval of the local ethical committee. A higher degree of CA and MN was observed in exposed subjects compared to controls, the frequency of CA being significantly enhanced with long years of exposure (P<0.05). Moreover increase in CA and MN with age was noted in both exposed subjects and controls, but was significantly greater in the former. The results of this study demonstrated that a significant induction of cytogenetic damage in peripheral lymphocytes of workers occupationally exposed to EMFs in electric transformer and distribution stations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that EMFs possess genotoxic capability, as measured by CA and MN assays; CA analysis appeared more sensitive than other cytogenetic end-points. It can be concluded that chronic occupational exposure to EMFs may lead to an increased risk of genetic damage among electrical workers.
An Outline of Meat Consumption in the Indian Population - A Pilot Review
Subramaniam Mohana Devi,Vellingiri Balachandar,Sang In Lee,In Ho Kim 한국축산식품학회 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.4
The consumption of meat is increasing in India and agriculture is considered as the backbone of a majority of people. Live-stock plays a significant role, and poultry and dairy are the major sectors contributing to economic development. The major-ity of meats consumed in India are fish, bovine, mutton, goat, pig, and poultry. In Indian context, culture, traditions, customs,and taboos influence meat consumption to a great extent. However, studies show that urbanization has been causing a risein demand for meat products. India is the world’s second largest exporter of beef. In India, 95% of goat meat produced isconsumed locally. Meat consumption, in particular, is determined by the religions where pork is forbidden to Muslims and beefis prohibited to Hindus. The preference and consumption of chicken meat can be considered as a universal phenomenon andchicken meat is greatly accepted by consumers in India as compared to the other meat consumption. The increase of chickenmeat consumption is due to the versatility of the meat, relatively low cost in comparison to other meat, and the acceptanceof the chicken meat to all religions. There has been a great rise in the production of livestock products and this is expectedto continue in the future. The pattern of meat consumption depends considerably on culture, tradition and urbanization. Thisreview was formulated with the objective of identifying the meat consumption patterns in a typical Indian society.
An Outline of Meat Consumption in the Indian Population - A Pilot Review
Devi, Subramaniam Mohana,Balachandar, Vellingiri,Lee, Sang In,Kim, In Ho Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.4
The consumption of meat is increasing in India and agriculture is considered as the backbone of a majority of people. Livestock plays a significant role, and poultry and dairy are the major sectors contributing to economic development. The majority of meats consumed in India are fish, bovine, mutton, goat, pig, and poultry. In Indian context, culture, traditions, customs, and taboos influence meat consumption to a great extent. However, studies show that urbanization has been causing a rise in demand for meat products. India is the world's second largest exporter of beef. In India, 95% of goat meat produced is consumed locally. Meat consumption, in particular, is determined by the religions where pork is forbidden to Muslims and beef is prohibited to Hindus. The preference and consumption of chicken meat can be considered as a universal phenomenon and chicken meat is greatly accepted by consumers in India as compared to the other meat consumption. The increase of chicken meat consumption is due to the versatility of the meat, relatively low cost in comparison to other meat, and the acceptance of the chicken meat to all religions. There has been a great rise in the production of livestock products and this is expected to continue in the future. The pattern of meat consumption depends considerably on culture, tradition and urbanization. This review was formulated with the objective of identifying the meat consumption patterns in a typical Indian society.
Velmurugan, Palanivel,Iydroose, Mahudunan,Lee, Sang-Myung,Cho, Min,Park, Jung-Hee,Balachandar, Vellingiri,Oh, Byung-Taek Association of Microbiologists of India 2014 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.2
<P>This study reveals a green process for the production of multi-morphological silver (Ag NPs) and gold (Au NPs) nanoparticles, synthesized using an agro-industrial residue cashew nut shell liquid. Aqueous solutions of Ag(+) ions for silver and chloroaurate ions for gold were treated with cashew nut shell extract for the formation of Ag and Au NPs. The nano metallic dispersions were characterized by measuring the surface plasmon absorbance at 440 and 546?nm for Ag and Au NPs. Transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanoparticles in the range of 5-20?nm for silver and gold with assorted morphologies such as round, triangular, spherical and irregular. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses of the freeze-dried powder confirmed the formation of metallic Ag and Au NPs in crystalline form. Further analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided evidence for the presence of various biomolecules, which might be responsible for the reduction of silver and gold ions. The obtained Ag and Au NPs had significant antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration on bacteria associated with fish diseases.</P>
mTOR signalling pathway - A root cause for idiopathic autism?
( Harsha Ganesan ),( Venkatesh Balasubramanian ),( Mahalaxmi Iyer ),( Anila Venugopal ),( Mohana Devi Subramaniam ),( Ssang-goo Cho ),( Balachandar Vellingiri ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2019 BMB Reports Vol.52 No.7
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental monogenic disorder with a strong genetic influence. Idiopathic autism could be defined as a type of autism that does not have a specific causative agent. Among signalling cascades, mTOR signalling pathway plays a pivotal role not only in cell cycle, but also in protein synthesis and regulation of brain homeostasis in ASD patients. The present review highlights, underlying mechanism of mTOR and its role in altered signalling cascades as a triggering factor in the onset of idiopathic autism. Further, this review discusses how distorted mTOR signalling pathway stimulates truncated translation in neuronal cells and leads to downregulation of protein synthesis at dendritic spines of the brain. This review concludes by suggesting downstream regulators such as p70S6K, eIF4B, eIF4E of mTOR signalling pathway as promising therapeutic targets for idiopathic autistic individuals. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(7): 424-433]
COVID-19: an update on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
Mahalaxmi Iyer,Kaavya Jayaramayya,Mohana Devi Subramaniam,Soo Bin Lee,Ahmed Abdal Dayem,Ssang-Goo Cho,Balachandar Vellingiri 생화학분자생물학회 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.4
The unexpected pandemic set off by the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has caused severe panic among people worldwide. COVID-19 has created havoc, and scientists and physicians are urged to test the efficiency and safety of drugs used to treat this disease. In such a pandemic situation, various steps have been taken by the government to control and prevent the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2). This pandemic situation has forced scientists to rework strategies to combat infectious diseases through drugs, treatment, and control measures. COVID-19 treatment requires both limiting viral multiplication and neutralizing tissue damage induced by an inappropriate immune reaction. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available, and repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 has shown to be clinically effective. As the global demand for diagnostics and therapeutics continues to rise, it is essential to rapidly develop various algorithms to successfully identify and contain the virus. This review discusses the updates on specimens/samples, recent efficient diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches to control the disease and repurposed drugs mainly focusing on chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and convalescent plasma (CP). More research is required for further understanding of the influence of diagnostics and therapeutic approaches to develop vaccines and drugs for COVID-19.
Kaavya Jayaramayya,Iyer Mahalaxmi,Mohana Devi Subramaniam,Neethu Raj,아브달아메드,임경민,Se Jong Kim,Jong Yub An,이윤주,Yujin Choi,Arthi Kirubhakaran,조쌍구,Balachandar Vellingiri 생화학분자생물학회 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.8
The world has witnessed unimaginable damage from the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Because the pandemic is growing rapidly, it is important to consider diverse treatment options to effectively treat people worldwide. Since the immune system is at the hub of the infection, it is essential to regulate the dynamic balance in order to prevent the overexaggerated immune responses that subsequently result in multiorgan damage. The use of stem cells as treatment options has gained tremendous momentum in the past decade. The revolutionary measures in science have brought to the world mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) as therapeutic opportunities for various diseases. The MSCs and MSCExos have immunomodulatory functions; they can be used as therapy to strike a balance in the immune cells of patients with COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the basics of the cytokine storm in COVID-19, MSCs, and MSC-derived exosomes and the potential and stem-cell-based ongoing clinical trials forCOVID-19.