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Effect of Fodder Tree Species with Condensed Tannin Contents on In vitro Methane Production
Vazquez, Ernestina Gutierrez,Medina, Leonardo Hernandez,Benavides, Liliana Marquez,Caratachea, Aureliano Juarez,Razo, Guillermo Salas,Burgos, Armin Javier Ayala,Rodriguez, Ruy Ortiz Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.1
The objective was to evaluate the effect of fodder tree species (FTS) with condensed tannin contents: Cordia elaeagnoides, Platymiscium lasiocarpum, Vitex mollis, and Haematoxylon brasiletto, on in vitro methane ($CH_4$) production at 24 h post incubation. The analysis was performed using the in vitro gas production technique, with three levels of inclusion/species: 600, 800, and 1,000 mg and with 4 replicates/species/level of inclusion. The substrate was incubated at $39^{\circ}C$, and the gas and $CH_4$ production were recorded at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h post incubation. The data collected was analyzed through Pearson correlation, polinomial regression and fixed effects models. There were negative correlations between FTS-total gas volume (r = -0.40; p<0.001); FTS-volume of $CH_4$ produced (r = -0.40; p<0.001) and between the inclusion level-volume of $CH_4$ produced (r = -0.20; p<0.001). As well as a positive correlation between hours post incubation-total gas volume (r = 0.42; p<0.001) and between hours post incubation-volume of $CH_4$ produced (r = 0.48; p<0.001). The FTS: C. elaeagnoides, V. mollis, and H. brasiletto have potential, in the three inclusion levels analyzed, to reduce $CH_4$ emission on in vitro trials (>32.7%), taking into account the total $CH_4$ production at 24 h of the forage used as reference (Avena sativa). It's suggested that C. elaeagnoides-according to its crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and condensed tannins content- is the best alternative within the FTS analyzed, for feeding ruminants and for the control of $CH_4$ emissions during the dry season.
Alvarez-Carrizal, Ruth P.,Rodriguez-Garcia, Jose A.,Cortes-Hernandez, Dora A.,Esparza-Vazquez, Sergio J.,Rocha-Rangel, Enrique Techno-Press 2021 Advances in materials research Vol.10 No.4
This research shows the development of a composite material with an alumina matrix reinforced with different percentages of titanium (0.0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% y 3%) with the intention of analyzing their mechanical and biocompatible properties for its possible application as a biomaterial. Alumina was synthesized using the reaction bonding aluminum oxide (RBAO) methodology. The powders resulting from the milling process had a size distribution ranging from nanometers to 2 microns. By means of X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, it was determined that aluminum oxidizes in both solid and liquid states. It was also found that the alumina formation reaction is complete at 900℃. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was determined that the microstructure has fine grain sizes and homogeneous morphology. Likewise, the elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the composites obtained were determined, results indicate that these properties are higher than the properties of cortical bone. In addition, bioactivity was promoted using the biomimetic method. The results obtained demonstrate that the resulting composite can be used as a biomaterial.
Pavel Celis,Elisa Vazquez,Cintya G. Soria-Hernández,Diego Bargnani,Ciro A. Rodriguez,Elisabetta Ceretti,Erika García-López 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.5
The use of nanoadditives in lubricants has gained much attention to the research community due to the enhancement of tribological properties and cooling capabilities. This paper studies the advantages of using a MQL (Minimum Quantity of Lubrication) system and nanoadditive in the manufacture of microneedle arrays in Ti6Al4V ELI alloy. Tungsten carbide ball nose tools with a cutting diameter of 200 μm were used in experimental tests. Surface and dimensional characterization was performed to evaluate the impact of a nanoadditive to a vegetable-based oil. Additionally, cutting forces and cutting edge radius (CER) were measured while needles were machined. Experimental tests confirmed that micro end milling with nanoadditives provide slightly better dimensional features and low cutting forces compared to oil. The performance of nanoadditives resulted in a reduction of surface roughness (~ 0.3 μm). Qualitative study of microneedles illustrated burr formation on needle surface manufactured without a nanoadditive solution. Results reveal an increment of CER using low feed rate values (2.0 μm/flute) while a reduction of CER was observed with feed rates up to 2.5 μm/flute. Our results indicated that the addition of nanoadditives to vegetable oil promotes a better product surface topography and cutting tool performance.
Shogo Hayashi,Ji Hyun Kim,Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez,Gen Murakami,Yoshitaka Fukuzawa,Ken Asamoto,Takashi Nakano 대한해부학회 2013 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.46 No.2
The supinator muscle originates from the annular ligament of the radius, and the muscle fibers and ligament take a similar winding course. Likewise, the coccygeus muscle and the sacrospinous ligament are attached together, and show a similar fiber orientation. During dissection of adult cadavers for our educational curriculum, we had the impression that these ligaments grow in combination with degeneration of parts of the muscles. In histological sections of 25 human fetuses at 10−32 weeks of gestation, we found that the proximal parts of the supinator muscle were embedded in collagenous tissue when the developing annular ligament of the radius joined the thick intermuscular connecting band extending between the extensor carpi radialis and anconeus muscles at 18−22 weeks of gestation, and the anterior parts of the coccygeus muscle were surrounded by collagenous tissue when the intramuscular tendon became the sacrospinous ligament at 28−32 weeks. Parts of these two muscles each seemed to provide a mold for the ligament, and finally became involved with it. This may be the first report to indicate that a growing ligament has potential to injure parts of the "mother muscle," and that this process may be involved in the initial development of the ligament.
Energy optimization of a Sulfur-Iodine thermochemical nuclear hydrogen production cycle
Juarez-Martinez, L.C.,Espinosa-Paredes, G.,Vazquez-Rodriguez, A.,Romero-Paredes, H. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.6
The use of nuclear reactors is a large studied possible solution for thermochemical water splitting cycles. Nevertheless, there are several problems that have to be solved. One of them is to increase the efficiency of the cycles. Hence, in this paper, a thermal energy optimization of a Sulfur-Iodine nuclear hydrogen production cycle was performed by means a heuristic method with the aim of minimizing the energy targets of the heat exchanger network at different minimum temperature differences. With this method, four different heat exchanger networks are proposed. A reduction of the energy requirements for cooling ranges between 58.9-59.8% and 52.6-53.3% heating, compared to the reference design with no heat exchanger network. With this reduction, the thermal efficiency of the cycle increased in about 10% in average compared to the reference efficiency. This improves the use of thermal energy of the cycle.
Ignacio Iglesias-Garriz,David Alonso,Carmen Garrote,Victoria Casares,Javier Vara,Jose Maria De la Torre,Miguel A. Rodriguez,Felipe Fernandez-Vazquez 한국심초음파학회 2020 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.28 No.1
BACKGROUND: Proper scaling of cardiac dimensions is of paramount importance in making correct decisions in clinical cardiology. The usual normalization of cardiac dimensions to overall body size assumes an isometric relationship. We sought to investigate these relationships to obtain the best allometric coefficient (AC) for scaling. METHODS: Ninety-seven healthy volunteers were included. The dimensions to be scaled were the left atrial volume, the end-diastolic and end-systolic left ventricular volumes, and the diameter of the tricuspid annulus. A Bayesian statistical analysis was applied with isometric coefficients as priors. RESULTS: The linear correlations between cardiac dimensions and body size were modest, ranging from 0.12 (-0.10–0.32) for the left atrial volume and height to 0.70 (0.58–0.80) for the end-diastolic volume and height. The ACs varied across the different cardiac dimensions and body size measurements. For the best linear relationships, the isometric coefficients were outside the 95% highest density interval of the posterior distribution for the left atrial volume-weight (AC: 0.7; 0.4–0.9) and end-diastolic volume-height (AC: 2.3; 1.7–2.9), whereas they were different from 1 for the left atrial volume-weight, end-diastolic volume, and diameter of the tricuspid annulus-body surface area (AC: 0.6; 0.3–0.8). Not scaling the cardiac dimensions to their corresponding ACs can lead to important errors in size estimations of cardiac structure. CONCLUSIONS: The ACs found in this study are somewhat different from the corresponding isometric coefficients and often different from 1. This finding should be considered when normalizing cardiac structures to body size when making clinical decisions.