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Temmy Pegarro Vales,지준필,이원영,Ilgi Min,조성,김호중 대한화학회 2020 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.41 No.4
Herein, the preparation of the cross-linked copolymer hydrogels composed of various weight ratios of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomers employing free-radical polymerization was reported. The integration of the MPC monomer into HEMA-based hydrogels showed good transmittance (>90%) and enhanced the water content retention (79?202%) relative to those of pure HEMA-based hydrogel. Notably, the MPC-containing hydrogels (MPC-H) exhibited the improved anti-biofouling properties due to the formation of a compact hydration layer produced by the biomimetic MPC units at the hydrogel surface. MPC-H exhibited a decrease in the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme adsorption of approximately 40?70% and 44?65%, respectively, relative to those of control hydrogel without MPC monomer. The results presented herein demonstrate the potential of expending biocompatible monomers such as HEMA and MPC to efficiently generate a biomaterial that possesses both bio-membrane mimicking character and protein and bacterial resistant properties for various industrial and biomedical applications.
김보람,강병만,Temmy Pegarro Vales,양시경,이주민,김호중 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.1
In this work, polyphenol-modified hydrogels were prepared and their antioxidant activities were investigated. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)- based hydrogels were first synthesized and subsequently functionalized with an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure comprising crosslinked chitosans and p(HEMA) networks. The resulting hydrogels were further modified with polyphenols such as gallic acid and dopamine through amide coupling reactions to afford the antioxidant hydrogels. The antioxidant activity of the prepared hydrogels were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays. The gallic-acid-modified hydrogels exhibited superior antioxidant activity when compared to their dopamine-functionalized counterparts; this was correlated to the number of hydroxyl groups in the benzene ring. Moreover, longer chitosan moieties afforded larger amounts of polyphenols. Thus, hydrogels containing the same polyphenols but longer chitosan moieties exhibited stronger antioxidant activity. This work demonstrates that the development of antioxidant hydrogels based on chitosan-IPN structures shows great potential for application in biomedical devices and ophthalmic materials.
Lee, Seung Hwan,Bui, Hoa Thi,Vales, Temmy Pegarro,Cho, Sung,Kim, Ho-Joong Applied Science Publishers 2017 Dyes and pigments Vol.145 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the modulation of the dual photo/thermo-responsive multicolor fluorescence from poly(<I>N</I>-isopropyl acrylate) pNIPAM-based nanogels. The thermo-responsive pNIPAM-crosslinked matrix was covalently copolymerized with nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) monomers as a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor and electrostatically conjugated with photochromic spiropyran (SP) dyes as a FRET acceptor. The pristine nanogel emits green fluorescence derived from the NBD moieties; however, the irradiation of the nanogels with UV light led to the transformation of the ring-closed colorless SP moieties to the ring-opened coral-red merocyanine (MC) moieties, resulting in light-pink fluorescent nanogels. Notably, at higher temperatures, the fluorescence of the nanogels was red-shifted and enhanced by the more efficient FRET process. The nanogels were well-distributed in the cellular cytoplasm and showed excellent photochromic function in the subcellular environment for applications as photo-switchable bio-imaging agents and nanothermometers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Selective fluorescence intensity of the nanogels was modulated by thermo-responsive FRET processes. </LI> <LI> Multicolor fluorescent nanogels consist of nitrobenzoxadiazole and spiropyran dyes. </LI> <LI> Nanogels showed a photochromic property upon specific light irradiations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
An Accurate Radio Channel Model for Wireless Sensor Networks Simulation
Alejandro Martfnez-Sala,Jose-Maria Molina-Garcia-Pardo,Esteban Egea-Lopez,Javier Vales-Alonso,Leandro Juan-Llacer,Joan Garcia-Haro The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.4
Simulations are currently an essential tool to develop and test wireless sensor networks (WSNs) protocols and to analyze future WSNs applications performance. Researchers often simulate their proposals rather than deploying high-cost test-beds or develop complex mathematical analysis. However, simulation results rely on physical layer assumptions, which are not usually accurate enough to capture the real behavior of a WSN. Such an issue can lead to mistaken or questionable results. Besides, most of the envisioned applications for WSNs consider the nodes to be at the ground level. However, there is a lack of radio propagation characterization and validation by measurements with nodes at ground level for actual sensor hardware. In this paper, we propose to use a low-computational cost, two slope, log-normal pathloss near ground outdoor channel model at 868 MHz in WSN simulations. The model is validated by extensive real hardware measurements obtained in different scenarios. In addition, accurate model parameters are provided. This model is compared with the well-known one slope path-loss model. We demonstrate that the two slope log-normal model provides more accurate WSN simulations at almost the same computational cost as the single slope one. It is also shown that the radio propagation characterization heavily depends on the adjusted model parameters for a target deployment scenario: The model parameters have a considerable impact on the average number of neighbors and on the network connectivity.
( Roberto Penagini ),( Rami Sweis ),( Aurelio Mauro ),( Gerson Domingues ),( Andres Vales ),( Daniel Sifrim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2
Background/Aims The diagnosis of functional heartburn is important for management, however it stands on fragile pH monitoring variables, ie, acid exposure time varies from day to day and symptoms are often few or absent. Aim of this study was to investigate consistency of the diagnosis of functional heartburn in subsequent days using prolonged wireless pH monitoring and its impact on patients’ outcome. Methods Fifty proton pump inhibitotor refractory patients (11 male, 48 years [range, 38-57 years]) with a diagnosis of functional heartburn according to Rome III in the first 24 hours of wireless pH monitoring were reviewed. pH variables were analysed in the following 24-hour periods to determine if tracings were indicative of diagnosis of non-erosive reflux disease (either acid exposure time > 5% or normal acid exposure time and symptom index ≥ 50%). Outcome was assessed by review of hospital files and/or telephone interview. Results Fifteen out of 50 patients had a pathological acid exposure time after the first day of monitoring (10 in the second day and 5 in subsequent days), which changed their diagnosis from functional heartburn to non-erosive reflux disease. Fifty-four percent of non-erosive reflux disease vs 11% of functional heartburn patients (P < 0.003) increased the dose of proton pump inhibitors or underwent fundoplication after the pH test. Outcome was positive in 77% of non-erosive reflux disease vs 43% of functional heartburn patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions One-third of patients classified as functional heartburn at 24-hour pH-monitoring can be re-classified as non-erosive reflux disease after a more prolonged pH recording period. This observation has a positive impact on patients’ management. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:265-272)
Thermo‐sensitive nanogel‐laden bicontinuous microemulsion drug‐eluting contact lenses
Lee, Se‐,Hee,Kim, Ho‐,Joong,Kim, Duck‐,Hyun,Chang, Won‐,Seok,Vales, Temmy Pegarro,Kim, Jae‐,Woo,Kim, Ki‐,Hong,Kim, Jong‐,Ki John Wiley Sons, Inc. 2019 Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Vol.107 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The bicontinuous microemulsion contact lens (BMCL) has nanoporous biphasic structures (100–250 nm) that are interconnected via multiple nano‐channels, providing suitable retention of various drugs for glaucoma. Timolol maleate (TM)‐carried thermosensitive poly(<I>N</I>‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanogel (30–50 nm) was incorporated into BMCLs by soaking or by centrifuging plus soaking. Here, we present drug‐loading and release in silicon‐ or polyethylene oxide‐microemulsion BMCLs under various conditions. Nanoporous BMCLs containing thermosensitive TM‐laden nanogel were capable of potent body‐temperature‐triggered release of TM. Daily drug release was controllable according to the initial volume of drug‐loaded (VDL) and loading method for sustained drug release, making them reduce drug‐loss during transportation or storage. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1159–1169, 2019.</P>
The Study of Relationship between Language and Cultur in The Development of the Cultural Tourism
Vale Jalali,Leily Iranmanesh 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0
The main subject of this article is describing the relationship between languages and culture in societies. Culture may be defined as the kind of knowledge which we learn from other people, so this shared kind of knowledge is relevant to language, although it is not learned. Language with its meanings and aspects and properties is a natural phenomenon and constitute a great deal of our culture. Understanding the relationship between culture and language can lead us to a new approach in improving culturl tourism, because most of language is contained within culture and a society's language is an aspects of its culture.