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( Chung-Hwa Park ),( Sung Won Lee ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Do Seon Song ),( Hyun Jin Kim ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Chan Ran You ),( Jeong Won Jang ),( U Im Chang ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( So 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Entecavir, has demonstrated superior histologic, virologic, and biochemical benefit. Still, its long-term clinical outcome is not well established in the Korean clinical area, and also in subjects who stopped the treatment. Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort observational study to evaluate the efficacy of Entecavir long-term treatment in CHB patients at hospitals affiliated to the Catholic University of Korea through analysis of the electronic medical record data from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2012. Results: Among 2,440 patients prescribed with entecavir 0.5mg qd, 1,337 patients were treatment naive. Excluding 533 patients with concomitant conditions, 578 patients were ontreatment and 226 patient stopped entecavir during the study period. At 6mo, year 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, cumulative incidences of complete virologic response (HBV-DNA < 300 copies/mL) was 379, 530, 573, 577, 579 and 579, respectively. HBsAg loss rate was 9.86%, and among 440 HBeAg-positive patients, HBeAg loss rate and HBeAg loss with HBeAb positivity rate was 20.00% and 17.43%, respectively, at year 1. During the study period, 226 patients stopped entecavir, and at year 1 after cessation, cumulative virologic relapse (HBV-DNA>10^4 copies/ mL) and biochemical relapse (ALT>40 U/L) were 22.57% and 20.35%, respectively with mean days of 191.06±67.0 and 188.39±90.15, respectively. Prognotsic factor for earlier CVR was HBV-DNA<10^7cpm at initiating entecavir (P<0.005). Among those who stopped the medication, prognostic factor for virological relapse was HBV-DNA ≥10^7cpm at initiating entecavir (P=0.022). Conclusions: Long term use of entecavir may achieve CVR in most patients, and patients with higher viral load should be considered of indefinite duration of treatment regardless of age, sex, biochemical markers or HBeAg status.
( U-hwa Nam ),( Seo-young Lee ),( Ji-hyee Lee ),( Jeong-ho Kim ) 한국어병학회 2021 한국어병학회지 Vol.34 No.2
Anisakiasis is a well-known zoonosis caused by ingestion of raw or thermally undercooked seafood product contaminated with live Anisakis nematode third stage larvae (L3). Several traditional processing techniques have been used to kill or remove the Anisakis larvae worldwide, but thermal processing or deep freezing are the most effective treatments to kill the Anisakis larvae. In this study, we investigated the survival of Anisakis larvae in several condiments (soy bean sauce, wasabi, vinegar, red pepper paste) commonly consumed when eating raw fish in Korea. We also examined several different media (NaCl solution, absolute alcohol, soju) to investigate their larvicidal effect. When directly exposed to various condiments, the most effective larvicidal effect was observed in the mixture of wasabi and soy bean sauce. When exposed to different NaCl solutions, the larvicidal ability became more effective as the concentration increased, but did not show 100% killing effect. In soju, the L3 were killed under less than 4 hr. We observed the larvicidal effects of several condiments in this study, but these results are thought to be carefully interpreted for actual use because all the condiments in this study showed the effect in hours and in general, the L3 are exposed to these condiments only for seconds before ingested in real situation.
Neobenedenia girellae infection of aquarium-raised snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in Korea
( U-hwa Nam ),( Hyun-joon Seo ),( Ilson Hwang ),( Jeong-ho Kim ) 한국어병학회 2020 한국어병학회지 Vol.33 No.1
We found skin flukes in snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) from a public aquarium and attempted clear identification of them to the species level by morphology and molecular analyses. Skin flukes were collected from snubnose pompano showing dyspnea, anorexia and mild hemorrhage on the skin. All the fish samples (n=2) were infected with the flukes on the skin, gill and eyes, covered with excessive mucus. The isolated worms were transferred for making slide specimen and PCR amplification targeting 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mt cox1) and cytochrome b (Cytb) genes for further analyses. Morphology and measurements data of our slide specimen coincided with those of Neobenedenia girellae. The sequence data of 2 genes (28S rDNA and Cytb) and the phylogenetic trees revealed that our specimen consistently belonged to the N. girellae clade. For 18S rDNA and mt cox1 genes, there was no sequence of either of these 2 Neobenedenia species from the type host available in GenBank. This is the first record of N. girellae in snubnose pompano, but it is still unclear if the snubnose pompano is a natural host for N. girellae or not because N. girellae is known to have an unusual broad host range and the host-switching can occur particularly in captive conditions such as aquarium or aquaculture facilities.
( U-hwa Nam ),( Hyun-joon Seo ),( Su-rim Jang ),( Mi-ri Kim ),( Jeong-ho Kim ) 한국어병학회 2019 한국어병학회지 Vol.32 No.2
We performed MLSA (multilocus sequence analysis) and phenotypic characterization of Aliivibrio species isolated from walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) maintained in 3 different facilities of Gangwon Province, the east coast of Korea. Of 38 Aliivibrio species identified by 16S rDNA sequences, 12 strains were randomly selected and MLSA was conducted with 5 house-keeping genes (gapA, gyrB, pyrH, recA and rpoA) and 16S rDNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis and homology of the concatenated sequences (4,580 bp) with other Vibrionaceae genera revealed that 4 strains (GNGc16.1, YYGc16.1, YYGc16.2, GSGc18.1) were identified as Aliivibrio logei and one strain (GSGc16.1) as A. wodanis. One strain (GSGc17.1) was tentatively identified as A. logei, but needs further analysis because it did not belong to the same clade with A. logei type strain. 6 strains (GSGc17.2, GNGc16.2, GSGc16.2, GSGc17.3, GSGc18.2, GSGc17.4) need further investigation as potential novel species. Either phenotypic characterization or 16S rDNA sequence alone did not provide enough information for identification of Aliivibrio strains at the species level. A. logei and A. wodanis are generally known as non-pathogenic bacteria, but also known as opportunistic or secondary pathogens of cold water fishes. Cares should be taken to prevent potential outbreaks due to these bacteria, although there was no outbreaks during the sampling period.