중국 禁忌談

유동청 경희대학교 민속학연구소 2003 한국의 민속과 문화 Vol.7 No.-

China has magnificent history and culture for nearly five thousand years. As one king of the culture of folk custom, the taboo plays a very important role in daily life, and it has influenced people's material and cultural life from many aspects. Many kinds of taboo exists extensively in every society in the world. However, Chinese taboo has the longest history, the most complicated changes, and the biggest impact to the society. It transformed from barbarous social customs into a political and civilized system, the Feudalism. The Feudalism has lasted for thousands of years. Although the Feudalism collapsed a long time ago, the Chinese taboo passed on from generation to generation, and has become a imperceptiblied habit in daily life. In this paper, I chose a few kinds of Chinese taboo, and I'm going to study the background and social origin of Chinese taboo. The first part I quoted taboo's definition is from the Encyclopedia of Chinese Taboo. The second part, Chinese Taboos are divided by five directories, and every one is explained with some instances. The third part, According to the taboo target, Chinese taboos are mentioned in detail, such as objects, living things, peoples, time, taboo language. The forth part, the importance of studying Chinese taboos is expounded.

Bacterial Community Structure and Function Shift in Rhizosphere Soil of Tobacco Plants Infected by Meloidogyne incognita

Wenjie Tong(Wenjie Tong),Junying Li(Junying Li),Wenfeng Cong(Wenfeng Cong),Cuiping Zhang(Cuiping Zhang),Zhaoli Xu(Zhaoli Xu),Xiaolong Chen(Xiaolong Chen),Min Yang(Min Yang),Jiani Liu(Jiani Liu),Lei Yu 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6

Root-knot nematode disease is a widespread and catastrophic disease of tobacco. However, little is known about the relationship between rhizosphere bacterial community and root-knot nematode disease. This study used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and PICRUSt to assess bacterial community structure and function changes in rhizosphere soil from Meloidogyne incognita-infected tobacco plants. We studied the rhizosphere bacterial community structure of M. incognita-infected and uninfected tobacco plants through a paired comparison design in two regions of tobacco planting area, Yuxi and Jiuxiang of Yunnan Province, southwest China. According to the findings, M. incognita infection can alter the bacterial population in the soil. Uninfested soil has more operational taxonomic unit numbers and richness than infested soil. Principal Coordinate Analysis revealed clear separations between bacterial communities from infested and uninfested soil, indicating that different infection conditions resulted in significantly different bacterial community structures in soils. Firmicutes was prevalent in infested soil, but Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria were prevalent in uninfested soil. Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, and Bradyrhizobium were the dominant bacteria genera, and their abundance were higher in infested soil. By PICRUSt analysis, some metabolism-related functions and signal transduction functions of the rhizosphere bacterial community in the M. incognita infection-tobacco plants had a higher relative abundance than those uninfected. As a result, rhizosphere soils from tobacco plants infected with M. incognita showed considerable bacterial community structure and function alterations.

PRAGMATISM OF DEWEY AND ITS FATE IN CHINA

Liu Fang Tong 西江大學校 宗敎硏究所 2005 韓國宗敎硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Clearance Measurement Equipment for Gas Lubricated Dynamic Pressure Bearing of Gyro Motor

Tong-qun Ren,Zhi-rou Liu,Xiang-dong Xu,Yu Liu,Xiaodong Wang 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.12

The clearance of gas lubricated dynamic pressure bearing of gyro motor refers specifically to small internal air gap between the rotor and stator. The clearance size is an important indicator of running performance of a motor. In this work, a dedicated clearance measurement equipment is developed. The clearance is converted to external micro displacement and measured by dual inductive probes with relative measurement principle. For this purpose, three main functional modules are designed together with corresponding electronic and pneumatic control systems. The clamp fixation module helps to support the measured bearing flexibly at the shaft end, which is conducive to protect the bearing and ensure the smoothness of force application. The force application module consists of a 3-D precision motion platform and a triaxial force sensor. It converts internal air gap to external micro displacement in cooperation with the clamp fixation module. The displacement measurement module is a 2-D precision motion platform carrying dual inductive probes. Based on theoretical analysis and practical experiments, the measurement accuracy is superior to 0.3 μm. Moreover, it realizes controllable and continuous force application, which is suitable for batch measurement.

Effect of Sn Micro-Alloying on Recrystallization Nucleation and Growth Processes of Ferritic Stainless Steels

Tong He,Yang Bai,Xiuting Liu,Dan Guo,Yandong Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.4

We investigated the Effect of Sn micro-alloying on recrystallization nucleation and growth processes of ferritic stainlesssteels. The as-received hot rolled sheets were cold rolled up to 80% reduction and then annealed at 740–880 °C for 5 min. The cold rolling and recrystallization microstructures and micro-textures of Sn-containing and Sn-free ferritic stainless steelswere all determined by electron backscatter diff raction. Our Results show that Sn micro-alloying has important Effects onrecrystallization nucleation and growth processes of ferritic stainless steels. Sn micro-alloying conduces to grain fragmentationin the deformation band, more fragmented grains are existed in Sn-containing cold rolled sheets, which provides moresites for recrystallization nucleation. Sn micro-alloying also promotes recrystallization process and inhibits the growth ofrecrystallized grains. The recrystallization nucleation and growth mechanism of Sn-containing and Sn-free ferritic stainlesssteels are both characterized by orientation nucleation and selective growth, but Sn micro-alloying promotes the formation ofγ-oriented grains. Furthermore, Sn micro-alloying contributes to the formation of Σ13b CSL boundaries and homogeneousγ-fi ber texture. Combining the results of microstructure and micro-texture, the formability of Sn-containing ferritic stainlesssteels will be improved to some extent.

Combining the Power of Advanced Proteome-wide Sample Preparation Methods and Mass Spectrometry for defining the RNA-Protein Interactions

Tong Liu,Chaoshuang Xia,Xianyu Li,Hongjun Yang 사단법인 한국질량분석학회 2022 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.13 No.4

Emerging evidence has shown that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) dynamically regulate all aspects of RNA in cells and involve in major biological processes of RNA, including splicing, modification, transport, transcription and degradation. RBPs, as powerful and versatile regulatory molecule, are essential to maintain cellular homeostasis. Perturbation of RNA-pro- tein interactions and aberration of RBPs function is associated with diverse diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune disease, and neurological disorders. Therefore, it is crucial to systematically investigate the RNA-binding proteome for understanding inter- actions of RNA with proteins. Thanks to the development of the mass spectrometry, a variety of proteome-wide methods have been explored to define comprehensively RNA-protein interactions in recent years and thereby contributed to speeding up the study of RNA biology. In this review, we systematically described these methods and summarized the advantages and disadvan- tages of each method.

Cosmogenic nuclides (10Be and 26Al) erosion rate constraints in the Badain Jaran Desert, northwest China: implications for surface erosion mechanisms and landform evolution

Tong Zhao,Wenjing Liu,Zhifang Xu,Taoze Liu,Sheng Xu,Lifeng Cui,Chao Shi 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.1

Both tectonics and climate affect surface erosion and change the landform. Long-term surface erosion rates determined by in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides are useful quantitative constraints for landform evolution in geological time scale. Measurements of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in the granitic rocks exposed in the Badain Jaran Desert, give a mean erosion rate of 7.3 ± 2.6 m/Ma, which is an order of magnitude higher than those reported in other extremely arid regions. Tectonic activity is supposed to be the first order control on regional erosion rate by comparing the 10Be erosion rates of arid regions with different precipitation ranges and tectonic activities worldwide. However the higher erosion rates in the Badain Jaran Desert compared with other arid regions within the stable tectonic background were attributed to the wind erosion and periodically warmer and wetter climate since late Pleistocene. Besides, the estimated eroded mass flux of 7.8 × 104 t/y suggests that erosion products of bedrocks in the Badian Jaran Desert only contribute minor desert deposits, which indicates massive exogenous materials input to the desert.

Video smoke detection with block DNCNN and visual change image

( Tong Liu ),( Jianghua Cheng ),( Zhimin Yuan ),( Honghu Hua ),( Kangcheng Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.9

Smoke detection is helpful for early fire detection. With its large coverage area and low cost, vision-based smoke detection technology is the main research direction of outdoor smoke detection. We propose a two-stage smoke detection method combined with block Deep Normalization and Convolutional Neural Network (DNCNN) and visual change image. In the first stage, each suspected smoke region is detected from each frame of the images by using block DNCNN. According to the physical characteristics of smoke diffusion, a concept of visual change image is put forward in this paper, which is constructed by the video motion change state of the suspected smoke regions, and can describe the physical diffusion characteristics of smoke in the time and space domains. In the second stage, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to classify the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) features of visual change images of the suspected smoke regions, in this way to reduce the false alarm caused by the smoke-like objects such as cloud and fog. Simulation experiments are carried out on two public datasets of smoke. Results show that the accuracy and recall rate of smoke detection are high, and the false alarm rate is much lower than that of other comparison methods.

An Optimization Algorithm for Solving High-Dimensional Complex Functions Based on a Multipopulation Cooperative Bare-Bones Particle Swarm

Liu Cong,Liu Yunqing,Wu Tong,Yan Fei,Zhang Qiong 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.4

The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm can easily become trapped in a local optimum when the objective function to be optimized is high-dimensional and complex. A multipopulation, cooperative, bare-bones particle swarm optimization (MCBBPSO) algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. In MCBBPSO, three types of parallel cooperative learning populations are used to optimize the objective function. By adding disturbance factors and adopting an elite reverse learning strategy, the optimization ability of the algorithm is increased. Through the “mirror wall” method, the cross-boundary particles are processed to reduce the loss of particle resources. Experiments using the CEC2013 standard test functions demonstrate the convergence accuracy and speed of the algorithm on high-dimensional and complex objective functions. Finally, MCBBPSO is applied to perform parameter optimization in support vector regression (SVR), and short-term wind speeds are then predicted using the optimized SVR approach to reduce resource consumption in a power grid.

Finger Vein Representation by Modified Binary Tree Model

Tong Liu,Jianbin Xie,Huanzhang Lu,Wei Yan,Peiqin Li 한국산학기술학회 2013 SmartCR Vol.3 No.2

Finger vein recognition has high identification accuracy and strong security performance, which can be used in banks, offices, factories, etc. Although image representation is not a necessary process for finger vein recognition, a proper representation method can help to explore distribution regularities and structure differences of finger veins, and provides instructive information for finger vein recognition. It is very difficult to represent finger veins because of their irregular structure. Therefore, four principles (caliber uniformity, node replication, loop splitting, and virtual connection) are proposed in this paper, first to simplify the finger vein structure as a binary tree structure. Then a modified binary tree model is proposed based on the binary tree structure. The new model uses the binary tree to describe the relationships between different vein branches and uses a B-spline function to describe the spatial structure of vein branches. Experiments show that this model can quantitatively describe the relationships between, and the spatial structure of, vein branches with little representation error and low storage space requirements.