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Frank Hartmann,Thomas Nusselt,Stefan Mattyasovszky,Gerrit Maier,Pol Maria Rommens,Erol Gercek 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To evaluate radiological parameters as indicators for posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injuries in the case of limited availability of magnetic resonance imaging. Overview of Literature: Traumatic thoracolumbar spinal fractures with PLC injuries can be misdiagnosed on X-rays or computed tomography scans. This study aimed to retrospectively assess unrecognized PLC injuries and evaluate radiographic parameters as indicators of PLC injuries requiring surgery. Methods: In total, 314 patients with type A and type B2 fractures who underwent surgical treatment between 2001 and 2010 were included. The frequency of misdiagnosis was reassessed, and radiographic parameters were evaluated and correlated. Results: The average age of the patients was 51.8 years. There were 225 type A3/A4 and 89 type B2 fractures; 39 of the type B2 fractures (43.8%) had been misdiagnosed as type A fractures. Type B fractures presented with a significantly higher kyphotic wedge angle and Cobb angle and a lower sagittal index (SI) than type A fractures. In addition, the normalized interspinous distance was higher in type B2 fractures. The significant mathematical indicators for PLC injuries were as follows: Cobb angle+kyphotic wedge angle >29°; Cobb angle2 >170°; and vertebral angle/SI >25. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that PLC injuries are frequently misdiagnosed. Correlations between certain radiological parameters associated with PLC injuries can be useful indicators of the presence of such injuries requiring surgery.
Syndecan-4 regulates ADAMTS-5 activation and cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis
Echtermeyer, Frank,Bertrand, Jessica,Dreier, Rita,Meinecke, Ingmar,Neugebauer, Katja,Fuerst, Martin,Lee, Yun Jong,Song, Yeong Wook,Herzog, Christine,Theilmeier, Gregor,Pap, Thomas Nature Publishing Group 2009 Nature medicine Vol.15 No.9
Aggrecan cleavage by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 5 (ADAMTS-5) is crucial for the breakdown of cartilage matrix during osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease that leads to the progressive destruction of articular structures. The mechanisms of ADAMTS-5 activation and their links to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis remain poorly understood, but syndecans have been shown to be involved in the activation of ADAMTS-4 (ref. 3). Here we show that syndecan-4 is specifically induced in type X collagen–producing chondrocytes both in human osteoarthritis and in murine models of the disease. The loss of syndecan-4 in genetically modified mice and intra-articular injections of syndecan-4–specific antibodies into wild-type mice protect from proteoglycan loss and thereby prevent osteoarthritic cartilage damage in a surgically induced model of osteoarthritis. The occurrence of less severe osteoarthritis-like cartilage destruction in both syndecan-4–deficient mice and syndecan-4–specific antibody–treated wild-type mice results from a marked decrease in ADAMTS-5 activity. Syndecan-4 controls the activation of ADAMTS-5 through direct interaction with the protease and through regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3). Our data suggest that strategies aimed at the inhibition of syndecan-4 will be of great value for the treatment of cartilage damage in osteoarthritis.
Interoperable Networking Applications for Emergency Services
Raphael Frank,Thomas Engel,Benjamin Hourte,Dan Jungels 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.4 No.1
Efficient communication is a major requirement in crisis situations. This research is motivated by the need to develop new communication tools to enhance the coordination and response time of first responders. In this paper we present an application which enables group calls among different rescue entities. Additionally, we present a video application that provides a real time access to surveillance cameras. The objective is to provide a powerful communication tool that can be used over different network technologies. As opposed to other existing systems, our application provides a complete communication platform that relies on open standards. A prototype has been implemented and tested during a demonstration held in July 2007 in Luxembourg. In this paper we provide technical details on how the applications were realized and evaluate the outcome of the demonstration. We also propose future improvements based on the outcome to enhance the system.
Multilayered Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotubes To Deliver Dasatinib
Moore, Thomas L.,Grimes, Stuart W.,Lewis, Robert L.,Alexis, Frank American Chemical Society 2014 MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Vol.11 No.1
<P>Multilayered, multifunctional polymer coatings were grafted onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a one-pot, ring-opening polymerization in order to control the release kinetic and therapeutic efficacy of dasatinib. Biocompatible, biodegradable multilayered coatings composed of poly(glycolide) (PGA) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were polymerized directly onto hydroxyl-functionalized CNT surfaces. Sequential addition of monomers into the reaction vessel enabled multilayered coatings of PLA-PGA or PGA-PLA. Poly(ethylene glycol) capped the polymer chain ends, resulting in a multifunctional amphiphilic coating. Multilayer polymer coatings on CNTs enabled control of the anticancer drug dasatinib’s release kinetics and enhanced the in vitro therapeutic efficacy against U-87 glioblastoma compared to monolayer polymer coatings.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2014/mpohbp.2014.11.issue-1/mp400448w/production/images/medium/mp-2013-00448w_0009.gif'></P>
Lee Pickler,Frank Wolf,Thomas E. Griffin 인하대학교 산업경제연구소 2010 경상논집 Vol.24 No.2
Many researchers have sought to explain how different customers’ behavior might be different across cultures. One way that customers always exercise to maximize the benefits in an offer is by negotiation. Understanding how customers negotiate will help organizations offer appropriate pricing strategies that retain profitable businesses in the context of globalization. This research, using the author’s primary data, examines negotiation skills of American and Vietnamese customers. Two samples, taken separately from the U.S. and Vietnam, wereusedtotestseveralhypotheses. The results confirmed that cultural differences lead to different negotiation styles and perception. Consequently, theoretical and practical implications of these findings about global pricing strategies as well as directions for future research are discussed.