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A proposed biosynthesis pathway of minor ginsenosides from red ginseng residue
Tuyen Thi My Nguyen,Dong Hyun Jang,Sang ManYoun,Jong Tae Park,Jae Han Kim 한국당과학회 2018 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.07
Minor ginsenosides, those have low content in white or red ginseng, are proved to have strong pharmaceutical activities in literature. There are many minor ginsenosides can be formed during transformation in various pathways. In which, the biotransformation pathway of Rb2→Rd→F2→C-K or Rc, Rbl, Rb2→Rg3→Rh2 by using various bacteria, yeast, and fungus was well-known. However, the other pathway that converts Rb2→C-0→C-Y→C-K or Rc→C-Mc→C-K were seldom occurred. In this study, utilization of red ginseng residue (RGR), a byproduct of red ginseng extraction, for minor ginsenoside production by using enzyme cellulose, hemicellulase, and lactic acid fermentation was performed. Biotransformation of ginsenosides was analyzed by UPLC-UV /EIS-QQQ mass spectrometry. During enzymatic reaction and lactic acid fermentation, the relative abundance of ginsenoside Rbl, Rg3, Rb2, and Rc were decreased while a significant increase in rare ginsenoside F2, Rh2 , C-K, C-0, and C-Mc were obtained. Our results suggested that combination of cell wall degrading enzyme and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria (LPlantarium and LLactis) could remove glucosyl moieties from ginsenosides. Particularly, C-0, C-Mc could be obtained during enzymatic treatment and lactic acid fermentation. This method could be applied for production of C-0, C-Mc, and C-K from RGR. For further research, this result may open a new direction toward RGR utilization for minor ginsenosides.
Thi My Ni PHAM,Thi Ngoc Thao PHAM,Ha Phuong Truc NGUYEN,Bao Tuyen LY,Truc Linh NGUYEN,Hoanh Su LE 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.5
Banking and finance is a broad term that incorporates a variety of smaller, more specialized subjects such as corporate finance, tax finance, and insurance finance. A virtual assistant that assists users in searching for information about banking and finance terms might be an extremely beneficial tool for users. In this study, we explored the process of searching for information, seeking opportunities, and developing a virtual assistant in the first stages of starting learning and understanding Vietnamese to increase effectiveness and save time, which is also an innovative business practice in Use-case Vietnam. We built the FIBA2020 dataset and proposed a pipeline that used Natural Language Processing (NLP) inclusive of Natural Language Understanding (NLU) algorithms to build chatbot applications. The open-source framework RASA is used to implement the system in our study. We aim to improve our model performance by replacing parts of RASA’s default tokenizers with Vietnamese tokenizers and experimenting with various language models. The best accuracy we achieved is 86.48% and 70.04% in the ideal condition and worst condition, respectively. Finally, we put our findings into practice by creating an Android virtual assistant application using the model trained using Whitespace tokenizer and the pre-trained language m-BERT.
Thi My Tuyen Nguyen(응웬티미뚜엔),Yoosang Park(박유상),Jaeyoung Choi(최재영) 한국정보과학회 2021 정보과학회논문지 Vol.48 No.1
행렬곱셈연산(DGEMM)은 선형대수학, 머신러닝, 통계분야 등에서 적용되는 핵심 계산 루틴으로, 프로세서 제조회사들이 여러 코어를 가진 단일노드에서 어셈블리 코드를 사용하여 직접 최적화시킨 루틴들을 발표하였으며, 다양한 자동 튜닝 기법을 통해 계산과정을 최적화시키기 위한 많은 연구들을 수행하였다. 행렬곱셈연산의 처리 시간을 효과적으로 줄이기 위해서는 노드별로 수행되는 곱셈과정을 최적화시켜 병렬컴퓨팅 환경에 적합한 형태로 처리할 수 있는 위한 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 Intel Knights Landing (KNL) 환경에서의 병렬 배정밀도 부동소수점 행렬곱셈연산(PDGEMM) 및 적용과정을 소개한다. 제안하는 적용과정의 세부사항은 병렬컴퓨팅 실행 환경을 위한 단일 노드의 행렬곱셈연산을 최적화한 부분행렬곱셈 과정과 KNL 실행 환경에 적용할 수 있는 Intel AVX-512 명령어를 적용할 수 있는 컴파일 과정을 포함한다. 실험에서는 제안하는 PDGEMM의 성능이 각 4개 및 16개 노드로 구성된 KNL 클러스터 환경에서 Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL)의 병렬 행렬곱셈루틴보다 각 6% 및 68% 향상된 성능을 보임을 확인하였다. General matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a core computation algorithm in linear algebra, machine learning, statistics, and many other domains. Optimizations of such routines, including GEMM, have been conducted by vendors and researches with auto-tuning techniques. To achieve high performance for parallel matrix multiplication, a matrix multiplication processing scheme based on the optimization of local matrix multiplication at each node should be necessarily applied. In this paper, the application of parallel double-precision general matrix multiplication (PDGEMM) on Intel KNL was examined. The application of DGEMM calculated sub-matrices multiplication at each node. Details of the proposed DGEMM were introduced, including a blocked matrix multiplication algorithm with AVX-512 instruction sets and several optimization techniques, such as the data prefetching, loop unrolling, and cache blocking. This study found that the proposed PDGEMM performance was better than that in the ordinary cases of PDGEMM from the Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL) on both 4 and 16-node KNL clusters, with the flop rate improvements of 6% and 68%, respectively.
A comparison in human milk oligosaccharides from Korea, China and Vietnam
Tuyen Thi My Nguyen,NariSeo,YongkiKim,JiAJung,JaehanKim 한국당과학회 2018 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.01
Among the animal, human uniquely contains high amount and diverse structure of soluble oligosaccharides in milk. The multiple functions for infant of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been well discussed, particularly sialic acid and fucose containing oligosaccharide. The structure and composition of HMOs structure were diverse among different mothers or breastfeeding period of a given woman as well, and nutritional conditions. The geographical origin of mothers is one of the factors that influence on the HMOs diversity. Hence, we aim to profile HMOs from mothers in Korea, China and Vietnam in the relation to their nutritional status to provide a comprehensive understanding about HMOs from maternal in these countries. The results show that oligosaccharide composition of human milk varied among countries. HMOs from Korea and China were almost similar in term of degree of polymerization (DP) whereas Vietnam HMOs has lower DP3 but high in DP4 and DP5. The ratio of non-secretor mothers that were unable to produce α-1, 2-fucosylated glycans in their secretions, following by Vietnam and lowest in Korea population. The fucosylated, and sialylated HMOs were 62-67%, 4-6% in China and Korea milk respectively while 50% and 9.2% in Vietnam maternal milk. These observed proportion were different from earlier studies that may due to the difference in geographical origin of mothers. Elucidating molecular structure of HMOs provides an important opportunities for improving diet and health care for the neonate in specific region.
Enzymatic synthesis and characterization of maltoheptaose-based sugar esters
Nguyen, Phu Cuong,Nguyen, My Tuyen Thi,Lee, Chang-Kyu,Oh, Il-Nam,Kim, Jae-Han,Hong, Soon-Taek,Park, Jong-Tae Applied Science Publishers 2019 Carbohydrate Polymers Vol.218 No.-
<P> In this study, maltoheptaose (G7)-based sugar esters were synthesized from maltoheptaose and fatty acids (C10-C16) using a commercial lipase. With the exception of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 76.4%, w/v), G7 showed only limited solubility in organic solvents. Among the fatty acids, palmitic acid (PA) was the best substrate for G7-based ester formation. G7-PA ester was successfully synthesized as the monoester structure exclusively in 10% DMSO of t-butanol with a 22% conversion yield. NMR and enzymatic analyses of the purified monoester product revealed that the ester bond in the G7 was located at C-6 of the glucose at the reducing end. The G7-PA monoester showed the melting temperature at 56.3℃ that was 6.5℃ lower than that of the free PA and exhibited a different endothermic pattern from the free G7. The G7-PA monoester exhibited excellent emulsifier potential with more even droplet size distribution compared with the commercial sucrose esters for an oil-in-water emulsion system. </P>
누엔푸끙,My Tuyen Thi Nguyen,Jae-Han Kim,Soon-Taek Hong,Jong-Tae Park 한국당과학회 2021 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.01
In this study, a novel sugar fatty acid ester (SFAE), maltoheptaose-palmitate ester (G7-PA), was synthesized using commercially available 3 lipases, free or immobilized form, as catalysts. The central composite design of RSM based on three-factor (DMSO concentration, the molar ratio of substrates, and enzyme amount) at five-level was used to optimize the G7-PA synthesis. Among these lipases, the immobilized CALB with the greatest esterification/hydrolysis activity ratio was the best enzyme for the G7-PA synthesis. The optimal conditions for achieving 92.75% conversion yield was determined as 10% DMSO, 0.2 of G7/PA molar ratio, 1g of the immobilized CALB per 0.128 g of PA at 60°C for 24 h. G7-based sugar esters using capric (C10:0), lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0) acid as substrates were also synthesized at the same optimal condition. Among the G7-FAEs, G7-PA exhibited improved properties as a biosurfactant in O/W emulsion compared with a commercial sucrose-PA (S-PA). However, emulsions prepared with the other G7-FAEs were unstable at pH 7. At the low surfactant concentration (0.1%), G7-PA emulsion exhibited a droplet distribution similar to 0.2% surfactant condition, while S-PA emulsion was quickly destabilized. Intriguingly, the G7-PA showed better emulsifying properties than the S-PA at the acidic condition (pH 3). Flocculation and phase separation observed at the S-PA emulsion, but that of G7-PA was stable for 7-day. In thermostability tests, G7-PA and S-PA both were stable at the pasteurization and the boiling treatment. Conclusively, the novel bio-surfactant G7-PA could expand the application fields of sugar esters based on its superior properties.
Dynamic stability of cholesterol and desmosterol in human milk from four asian countries
김지은,My Tuyen Thi Nguyen,김용기,정지아,Dan Li,Mai Xuan Hong To,Huynh Khanh Trang Nguyen,Beenish Israr,Thanh Van Le,안현주,김재한 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.12
Cholesterol is one of the functional nutrients in human milk, which is indispensable for infant growth. In this study, the concentration of cholesterol and desmosterol in human milk from four Asian countries (n = 578), including Korea, China, Vietnam, and Pakistan, were investigated. The average cholesterol concentrations of Korea and China were similar ranging between 90.2–91.6 mg/L, but those from Vietnam and Pakistan were higher at 113.8 and 175.7 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 31–36%, except for Pakistan (51%), showing a broad distribution of 48 to 612 mg/L. Desmosterol concentrations were similar, ranging between 11.2 and 12.8 mg/L except for Pakistan, which was lower than other countries at 9.4 mg/L. In addition, the cholesterol and desmosterol concentrations during the lactation periods were not significantly different in all four Asian countries. Mothers’ BMI did not significantly impact the cholesterol and desmosterol concentration in maternal milk within the same country.