Improvement of Surface Functionalities, Including Allergenicity Attenuation, of Whole Buckwheat Protein Fraction by Maillard-Type Glycation with Dextran

Tazawa, Shigeru,Katayama, Shigeru,Hirabayashi, Masahiro,Yamaguchi, Daiki,Nakamura, Soichiro The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of the introduction of polysaccharide chains onto the molecular surface of buckwheat proteins on buckwheat protein surface functionality. The whole buckwheat protein fraction (WBP) was prepared using 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.5 M NaCl and covalently linked with 6 kDa, 17.5 kDa, 40 kDa, 70 kDa, or 200 kDa dextran by Maillard-type glycation through controlled dry-heating at $60^{\circ}C$ and 79% relative humidity for two weeks. Conjugation with 40 kDa dextran improved the water solubility and emulsifying properties of WBP without causing a serious loss of available lysine; 84.9% of the free amino groups were conserved. In addition, we found that the introduction of dextran chains onto the molecular surfaces of WBP attenuated the antigenicity of WBP.

Improvement of Surface Functionalities, Including Allergenicity Attenuation, of Whole Buckwheat Protein Fraction by Maillard-Type Glycation with Dextran

Shigeru Tazawa,Shigeru Katayama,Masahiro Hirabayashi,Daiki Yamaguchi,Soichiro Nakamura 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of the introduction of polysaccharide chains onto the molecular surface of buckwheat proteins on buckwheat protein surface functionality. The whole buckwheat protein fraction (WBP) was prepared using 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.5 M NaCl and covalently linked with 6 kDa, 17.5 kDa, 40 kDa, 70 kDa, or 200 kDa dextran by Maillard-type glycation through controlled dry-heating at 60℃ and 79% relative humidity for two weeks. Conjugation with 40 kDa dextran improved the water solubility and emulsifying properties of WBP without causing a serious loss of available lysine; 84.9% of the free amino groups were conserved. In addition, we found that the introduction of dextran chains onto the molecular surfaces of WBP attenuated the antigenicity of WBP.

유도선수들의 골밀도와 관련된 심혈관질환 예측인자

타자와슌지 ( Shunji Tazawa ),임순길 ( Soon Gill Lim ),오병진 ( Byung Jin Oh ),한승훈 ( Sueng Hun Han ) 대한무도학회 2013 대한무도학회지 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 장기간 유도훈련이 골밀도와 심혈관질환 예측인자들에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 유도선수 13명, 운동을 실시하지 않는 대학생 13명, 총 26명을 대상으로 골밀도, 신체조성, 혈중지질을 측정하였다. 이결과를 SPSS/PC 20.0을 사용하여 평균 비교 분석과 상관관계 분석 및 회귀분석 그리고 관련성 분석을 실시한 결과 유도선수와 비운동선수들의 평균차이분석에서 골밀도는 대퇴골(p<.01), 척추(p<.001), 전신(p<.001) 골밀도에서 유도선수가 더 높은 골밀도를 나타내었다. 심혈관질환 예측 인자는 Muscle Mass(p<.05)에서 유도선수가, Triglyceride(p<.01)에서는 비운동선수가 높게 나타났다. 골밀도와 심혈관질환 예측 인자 상관관계에서 유도선수와 비운동선수 모두 골밀도와 Muscle Mass(p<.01) 비교적 높은 상관관계가 나타났다. 다중회기 분석 결과 골밀도의 기여도는 Muscle Mass(p<.01) 가장 높았다. 골밀도가 낮은 그룹과 높은 그룹에 대한 관련성 분석에서는 유도선수가 높은 골밀도 그룹에 많이 분포했다. Muscle Mass가 높을수록 높은 골밀도에 많이 분포했으며, Triglyceride가 낮은 집단이 높은 골밀도에 많이 분포했다. In this study, bone mineral densities, body compositions, and serum lipids are measured for a total of 26 subjects, 13 Judo players and 13 non-athletes, in order to investigate the influence of long-term Judo training on both the bone mineral density and the predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. Using a mean comparative analysis, a correlation analysis, a regression analysis, and a relationship analysis, the measurement results are analyzed using SPSS/PC 20.0. According to the analysis results, the Judo players represent higher bone mineral density levels of the thighbone(p<.01), spine(p<.001), and body(p<.001) than the non-athletes in the mean comparative analysis between the Judo players and the non-athletes. In the case of the risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the Judo players represent higher levels of the muscle mass(p<.05) than the non-athletes but the non-athletes show higher levels of the triglyceride(p<.01) than the Judo players. Regarding the correlation of the bone mineral density and risk factor for cardiovascular disease, both the Judo players and the non-athletes represent a relatively high correlation level the bone mineral density and muscle mass(p<.01). In the multiple regression analysis results, the muscle mass(p<.01) represents the highest contribution to the bone mineral density. In the case of the relationship analysis for the groups that exhibit the lowest and highest bone mineral density, a large number of the Judo players are included in the high bone mineral density group. According to increases in the muscle mass subjects are distributed to the high bone mineral density group. Also, the low triglyceride group is largely included in the high bone mineral density group.

Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) as a Hole Transport Layer for Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells

Neo, Darren C. J.,Zhang, Nanlin,Tazawa, Yujiro,Jiang, Haibo,Hughes, Gareth M.,Grovenor, Chris R. M.,Assender, Hazel E.,Watt, Andrew A. R. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.19

<P>Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells demonstrate extremely high short-circuit currents (<I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB>) and are making decent progress in power conversion efficiencies. However, the low fill factors (FF) and open-circuit voltages have to be addressed with urgency to prevent the stalling of efficiency improvements. This paper highlights the importance of improving hole extraction, which received much less attention as compared to the electron-accepting component of the device architecture (e.g., TiO<SUB>2</SUB> or ZnO). Here, we show the use of semiconducting polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) to create efficient CQD devices by improving hole transport, removing interfacial barriers, and minimizing shunt pathways, thus resulting in an overall improvement in device performance stemming from better <I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB> and FF.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2016/aamick.2016.8.issue-19/acsami.5b10228/production/images/medium/am-2015-10228h_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b10228'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Narrow Band Gap Lead Sulfide Hole Transport Layers for Quantum Dot Photovoltaics

Zhang, Nanlin,Neo, Darren C. J.,Tazawa, Yujiro,Li, Xiuting,Assender, Hazel E.,Compton, Richard G.,Watt, Andrew A. R. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.33

<P>The band structure of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) bilayer heterojunction solar cells is optimized using a combination of ligand modification and QD band gap control. Solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of up to 9.33 ± 0.50% are demonstrated by aligning the absorber and hole transport layers (HTL). Key to achieving high efficiencies is optimizing the relative position of both the valence band and Fermi energy at the CQD bilayer interface. By comparing different band gap CQDs with different ligands, we find that a smaller band gap CQD HTL in combination with a more p-type-inducing CQD ligand is found to enhance hole extraction and hence device performance. We postulate that the efficiency improvements observed are largely due to the synergistic effects of narrower band gap QDs, causing an upshift of valence band position due to 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) ligands and a lowering of the Fermi level due to oxidation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2016/aamick.2016.8.issue-33/acsami.6b01018/production/images/medium/am-2016-01018p_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am6b01018'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

3-METHYLHISTIDINE AND MUSCLE PROTEIN TURNOVER IN RUMINANTS

Nishizawa, N.,Itabashi, H.,Igarashi, S.,Tazawa, Y.,Fujiwara, K.,Watanabe, S.,Hareyama, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.3

A SMALL MODULAR REACTOR DESIGN FOR MULTIPLE ENERGY APPLICATIONS: HTR50S

Yan, X.,Tachibana, Y.,Ohashi, H.,Sato, H.,Tazawa, Y.,Kunitomi, K. Korean Nuclear Society 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.3

HTR50S is a small modular reactor system based on HTGR. It is designed for a triad of applications to be implemented in successive stages. In the first stage, a base plant for heat and power is constructed of the fuel proven in JAEA's $950^{\circ}C$, 30MWt test reactor HTTR and a conventional steam turbine to minimize development risk. While the outlet temperature is lowered to $750^{\circ}C$ for the steam turbine, thermal power is raised to 50MWt by enabling 40% greater power density in 20% taller core than the HTTR. However the fuel temperature limit and reactor pressure vessel diameter are kept. In second stage, a new fuel that is currently under development at JAEA will allow the core outlet temperature to be raised to $900^{\circ}C$ for the purpose of demonstrating more efficient gas turbine power generation and high temperature heat supply. The third stage adds a demonstration of nuclear-heated hydrogen production by a thermochemical process. A licensing approach to coupling high temperature industrial process to nuclear reactor will be developed. The low initial risk and the high longer-term potential for performance expansion attract development of the HTR50S as a multipurpose industrial or distributed energy source.

A Small Modular Reactor design for Multiple Energy Applications: HTR50S

X. Yan,Y. Tachibana,H. Ohashi,H. Sato,Y. Tazawa,K. Kunitomi 한국원자력학회 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.3

HTR50S is a small modular reactor system based on HTGR. It is designed for a triad of applications to be implemented in successive stages. In the first stage, a base plant for heat and power is constructed of the fuel proven in JAEA’s 950ºC,30MWt test reactor HTTR and a conventional steam turbine to minimize development risk. While the outlet temperature is lowered to 750oC for the steam turbine, thermal power is raised to 50MWt by enabling 40% greater power density in 20%taller core than the HTTR. However the fuel temperature limit and reactor pressure vessel diameter are kept. In second stage, a new fuel that is currently under development at JAEA will allow the core outlet temperature to be raised to 900ºC for the purpose of demonstrating more efficient gas turbine power generation and high temperature heat supply. The third stage adds a demonstration of nuclear-heated hydrogen production by a thermochemical process. A licensing approach to coupling high temperature industrial process to nuclear reactor will be developed. The low initial risk and the high longer-term potential for performance expansion attract development of the HTR50S as a multipurpose industrial or distributed energy source.

Ouabain이 摘出병아리 網膜의 網膜電位圖 C-파에 미치는 效果

金夏卿,佐藤匡,米山高仁,田澤豊,具本術 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1988 中央醫大誌 Vol.13 No.1

Noradrenaline, a stimulant of the adenylate cyclase, augmented c-wave as much as ouabain and this effect was largest at 10^-9M. After augmentation of the c-wave by 10^-9 noradrenaline, there was no additional augmenting effect of 10^-7M ouabain. This fact suggests that the ouabain-induced augmentation of the c-wave may be due to the stimulation of adencylate cyclase. In the presence of 10^-7M ouabain, the light sensitivity of retina was elevated to 0.5 log unit and it was increased about 30% over the maximum response. This may be one of the signs of visual complications caused by ouabain, such as metachromatopsia. The effect of ouabain on the ERC c-wave was investigated in the isolated chick retina. Although the c-wave was abolished by a high dose of ouabain (10^-4M), it increased in amplitude in the presence of ouabain at a low concentration of 10^-7M, which was within the therapeutic range of clinical use for cardiac glycoside. The standing potential of the retina did not change appreciably until 10^-6M order and then decreased gradually at higher concentrations. In the presence of 10^-4M ouabain, the level having a complete blocking effect of Na-K ATPase, both the c-wave and the standing potential were almost abolished. These effects of ouabain were more conspicuous when the drug was applied to the vitreous side than to the choroidal side.