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A Novel Chlorophyll d-containing Organism: Discovery and its Significance
Murakami, Akio,Kawai, Hiroshi,Adachi, Kyoko,Sakawa, Takahiro,Miyashita, Hideaki,Mimuro, Mamoru Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2
Chlorophyll (Chi) d was assigned to an antenna pigment of red algae in 1943, but its presence and function in red algae have not been necessarily clear for a long time. In 1996, it was shown that Chi d functioned as a major antenna pigment in a peculiar oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote, Acaryochloris marina, isolated as a symbiont of a colonial ascidian from coral reefs. This finding evoked the necessity for reexamination of the presence and function of Chi d in red algae. We found Chi d in methanol-extract from several marine red algae, and the relative content was high in one species, Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis. Absorption and fluorescence spectra, HPLC analysis, and NMR and mass spectroscopy characterized Chi d extracted from the red algal thalli, and those were essentially identical to those of Chi d isolated from A. marina. However, micro-spectrophotometric analysis suggested that Chi d was not an actual constituent of the red algae but came from epiphyte(s) attached to surface of red algal thalli.
Takahiro MIYAJIMA,Takumi TOKISA,Shinya MAEDA,Hyoungseop KIM,Joo Kooi TAN,Seiji ISHIKAWA,Seiichi MURAKAMI,Takatoshi AOKI 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10
Recently, thorax MDCT images are used in visual screening for early detection of lung nodules. Radiologists can easily detect lung nodules on images, but it has enormous images and load of radiologist for visual screening. To reduce the load of radiologist and improve the detection accuracy, a CAD (Computer Aided Diagnosis) system is expected from medical fields. In the medical image processing fields, some related works are reported to develop the CAD system including temporal subtraction technique as helpful technical issues. In this paper, we propose a classification of lung nodules on temporal subtraction image based on image processing technique. At first, the candidate regions including nodules are detected by the multiple threshold technique in terms of the pixel value on the temporal subtraction images. Then, we remove vessel regions on nodules by the most suitable threshold technique and watershed method. Also we remove the false positives which are caused by mis-registration using selective enhancement filter, rule-base method and artificial neural networks. In this paper, we illustrate some experimental result which applied our algorithm to 31 chest MDCT cases including lung nodules.
Soichi Murakami,Kazuyuki Hirose,Yo Kurashima,Nagato Sato,Saseem Poudel,Kimitaka Tanaka,Aya Matsui,Yoshitsugu Nakanishi,Toshimichi Asano,Takehiro Noji,Yuma Ebihara,Toru Nakamura,Takahiro Tsuchikawa,Kaz 대한외상중환자외과학회 2023 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.13 No.2
Purpose: General surgeons at regional hospitals should have the primary trauma care skills necessary to treat critically ill trauma patients to withstand transfer. This study was conducted to identify a consensus on primary trauma care skills for general surgeons. Methods: An initial list of acute care surgical skills was compiled, and revised by six trauma experts (acute care surgeons); 33 skills were nominated for inclusion in the Delphi consensus survey. Participants (councilors of the Japanese Society for Acute Care Surgery) were presented with the list of 33 trauma care skills and were asked (using web-based software) to rate how strongly they agreed or disagreed (using a 5-point Likert scale) with the necessity of each skill for a general surgeon. The reliability of consensus was predefined as Cronbach’s α ≥ 0.8, and trauma care skills were considered as primarily required when rated 4 (agree) or 5 (strongly agree) by ≥ 80% participants. Results: There were 117 trauma care specialists contacted to participate in the Delphi consensus survey panel. In the 1st round, 85 specialists participated (response rate: 72.6%). In the 2nd round, 66 specialists participated (response rate: 77.6%). Consensus was achieved after two rounds, reliability using Cronbach’s α was 0.94, and 34 items were identified as primary trauma care skills needed by general surgeons. Conclusion: A consensus-based list of trauma care skills required by general surgeons was developed. This list can facilitate the development of a new trauma training course which has been optimized for general surgeons.
Naoya Murakami,Miho Watanabe,Takashi Uno,Shuhei Sekii,Kayoko Tsujino,Takahiro Kasamatsu,Yumiko Machitori,Tomomi Aoshika,Shingo Kato,Hisako Hirowatari,Yuko Kaneyasu,Tomio Nakagawa,Hitoshi Ikushima,Ken 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.3
Objective: The purposes of this trial were to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the hybrid of intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy (HBT) for locally advanced cervical cancer patients in the phase I/II prospective clinical trial. Methods: Patients with FIGO stage IB2-IVA uterine cervical cancer pretreatment width of which was ≥5 cm measured by magnetic resonance imaging were eligible for this clinical trial. The protocol therapy included 30–30.6 Gy in 15–17 fractions of whole pelvic radiotherapy concurrent with weekly CDDP, followed by 24 Gy in 4 fractions of HBT and pelvic radiotherapy with a central shield up to 50–50.4 Gy in 25–28 fractions. The primary endpoint of phase II part was 2-year pelvic progression-free survival (PPFS) rate higher than historical control of 64%. Results: Between October 2015 and October 2019, 73 patients were enrolled in the initial registration and 52 patients proceeded to the secondary registration. With the median follow-up period of 37.3 months (range, 13.9–52.9 months), the 2- PPFS was 80.7% (90% confidence interval [CI]=69.7%–88%). Because the lower range of 90% CI of 2-year PPFS was 69.7%, which was higher than the historical control ICBT data of 64%, therefore, the primary endpoint of this study was met. Conclusion: The effectiveness of HBT were demonstrated by a prospective clinical study. Because the dose goal determined in the protocol was lower than 85 Gy, there is room in improvement for local control. A higher dose might have been needed for tumors with poor responses.
Masaaki Murakami,Koichi Yonemoto,Takahiro Fujikawa 한국항공우주학회 2022 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.23 No.4
To achieve high-range capability, reusability, and aircraft-like operability in spaceplanes, the latter have been investigated actively. One of the critical technologies for spaceplanes is the flexible guidance methodology, which can accommodate various mission requirements and constraints. The application of an evolutionary algorithm to the real-time optimization of longitudinal ascent guidance trajectories is presented herein. The combination of the engine gimbal and aerodynamic control surfaces is considered to improve the design flexibility of the trajectories and mitigate the elevator hinge moment. The range of guidance commands for the engine gimbal angle and the angle of attack that satisfy the longitudinal trim condition are identified in advance and stored as tabular data. The performance of the proposed guidance algorithm is evaluated via a flight simulation of a subscale flight demonstrator.
An Evaluation Method for Tornado Missile Strike Probability with Stochastic Correlation
Yuzuru Eguchi,Takahiro Murakami,Hiromaru Hirakuchi,Soichiro Sugimoto,Yasuo Hattori 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.2
An efficient evaluation method for the probability of a tornado missile strike without usingthe Monte Carlo method is proposed in this paper. A major part of the proposed probabilityevaluation is based on numerical results computed using an in-house code, Tornado-bornemissile analysis code, which enables us to evaluate the liftoff and flight behaviors of unconstrainedobjects on the ground driven by a tornado. Using the Tornado-borne missileanalysis code, we can obtain a stochastic correlation between local wind speed and flightdistance of each object, and this stochastic correlation is used to evaluate the conditionalstrike probability, QV(r), of a missile located at position r, where the local wind speed is V. Incontrast, the annual exceedance probability of local wind speed, which can be computedusing a tornado hazard analysis code, is used to derive the probability density function,p(V). Then, we finally obtain the annual probability of tornado missile strike on a structurewith the convolutional integration of product of QV(r) and p(V) over V. The evaluationmethod is applied to a simple problem to qualitatively confirm the validity, and to quantitativelyverify the results for two extreme cases in which an object is located just in thevicinity of or far away from the structure.
Sliding Mode Control based on a Modified Linear Control Input
Takehito Fujio,Hiroki Shibasaki,Ryo Tanaka,Takahiro Murakami,Yoshihisa Ishida 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.1
In this study, we explain and demonstrate a design method of sliding mode control based on a modifiedlinear control input. In the proposed method, the optimal gain matrix is derived such that it does not depend onthe plant parameters. We confirmed the robustness of the proposed method by applying input-side disturbancesand plant parameter deviations to plants and the effectiveness of the proposed method by performing a DC motorposition control experiment.
Takahashi, Keitaro,Ueno, Nobuhiro,Sasaki, Takahiro,Kobayashi, Yu,Sugiyama, Yuya,Murakami, Yuki,Kunogi, Takehito,Ando, Katsuyoshi,Kashima, Shin,Moriichi, Kentaro,Tanabe, Hiroki,Kamikokura, Yuki,Yuzawa, The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2021 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.21 No.1
Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland mucosa type (GA-FGM) was proposed as a new variant of gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (GA-FG). However, at present, the influence of Helicobacter pylori and the speed of progression and degree of malignancy in GA-FGM remain unclear. Herein, we report the first case of intramucosal GA-FGM that was endoscopically observed before and after H. pylori eradication over 15 years. The lesion showed the same tumor size with no submucosal invasion and a low MIB-1 labeling index 15 years after its detection using endoscopy. The endoscopic morphology changed from 0-IIa before H. pylori eradication to 0-IIa+IIc and then 0-I after H. pylori eradication. These findings suggest that the unaltered tumor size reflects low-grade malignancy and slow growth, and that the endoscopic morphology is influenced by H. pylori eradication.