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Hasegawa, Tomoko,Fujimori, Shinichiro,Shin, Yonghee,Takahashi, Kiyoshi,Masui, Toshihiko,Tanaka, Akemi American Chemical Society 2014 Environmental science & technology Vol.48 No.1
<P>We assessed the impacts of climate change and agricultural autonomous adaptation measures (changes in crop variety and planting dates) on food consumption and risk of hunger considering uncertainties in socioeconomic and climate conditions by using a new scenario framework. We combined a global computable general equilibrium model and a crop model (M-GAEZ), and estimated the impacts through 2050 based on future assumptions of socioeconomic and climate conditions. We used three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways as future population and gross domestic products, four Representative Concentration Pathways as a greenhouse gas emissions constraint, and eight General Circulation Models to estimate climate conditions. We found that (i) the adaptation measures are expected to significantly lower the risk of hunger resulting from climate change under various socioeconomic and climate conditions. (ii) population and economic development had a greater impact than climate conditions for risk of hunger at least throughout 2050, but climate change was projected to have notable impacts, even in the strong emission mitigation scenarios. (iii) The impact on hunger risk varied across regions because levels of calorie intake, climate change impacts and land scarcity varied by region.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2014/esthag.2014.48.issue-1/es4034149/production/images/medium/es-2013-034149_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es4034149'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Fukazawa, Tomoko,Smyrnioudis, Ilias,Konishi, Masayuki,Takahashi, Masaki,Kim, Hyeon Ki,Nishimaki, Mio,Xiang, Mi,Sakamoto, Shizuo 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
The effects of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia) and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function were investigated in healthy, non-smoking Japanese men aged ${\geq}40$ years. Participants were allocated to control (C, 5 g/day placebo powder, n = 7), mastic (M, 5 g/day mastic powder, n = 7), or mastic plus physical activity groups (M + PA, 5 g/day mastic powder and 30-min exercise three times/week, n = 7), and measurements were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced at 3 months in M and M + PA compared with C (P < 0.05). Serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values were significantly reduced at 3 and 6 months in M + PA, and at 6 months in M, compared with C (P < 0.05). These results indicate that Chios mastic gum intake for 6 months reduced serum triglyceride and insulin concentrations, and additional exercise enhanced the effect on insulin.
Akira Tsunoda,Tomoko Takahashi,Kenji Sato,Hiroshi Kusanagi 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.4
Purpose: External rectal prolapse (ERP) is frequently associated with other pelvic disorders, such as enterocele, rectocele, and perineal descent. Evacuation proctography makes it possible to visualize the development of such anatomical abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify the variables that would predict associated abnormalities in patients with ERP.Methods: Between February 2010 and August 2019, 124 female patients with ERP, who were evaluated using proctography were included in this study. Enterocele was diagnosed when the extension of the loop of the small bowel was located between the vagina and rectum. A significant rectocele was defined as >20 mm in diameter. Multivariate analysis was used to establish which morphological parameters best predicted the presence of enterocele or rectocele.Results: Sixty-five patients had ERP alone, while 59 patients (47.6%) had additional findings on proctography. The most frequently associated abnormality was enterocele with 48 of the patients (38.7%) having this condition. Rectocele was detected in 17 of the 124 patients (13.7%). The median length of the ERP was 30 mm (range, 7 to 147 mm). The results of the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that a history of hysterectomy and the length of the ERP were significantly associated with the presence of enterocele. The analysis showed that the longer the prolapse, the higher the incidence of enterocele. A history of hysterectomy was also significantly associated with the presence of rectocele.Conclusion: Patients with ERP often have associated anatomical abnormalities and should be investigated thoroughly before planning surgical treatment.
Takada Shunya,Tsunoda Akira,Takahashi Tomoko,Kusanagi Hiroshi 대한대장항문학회 2022 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.38 No.4
Purpose: Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA; Zion, Mitsubishi Pharma Corp.) is an effective sclerosing agent for internal hemorrhoids. ALTA therapy with a rectal mucopexy (AM) is a new approach for treating hemorrhoidal prolapse. This study compared the early postoperative outcomes of AM surgery with Doppler-guided transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization and mucopexy (DM) in patients with third-degree hemorrhoids. Methods: AM surgery was performed on 32 patients with grade III hemorrhoids and was compared with a cohort of 22 patients who underwent DM surgery in a previous randomized controlled trial. Results: The pain scores during defecation were significantly lower in the AM patients beginning 4 days after surgery. The total use of analgesics 2 weeks postoperatively was significantly lower in the AM patients than in the DM patients (3.5 tablets [range 1.6–5.5] vs. 7.6 tablets [range 3.3–11.9], P=0.04). The length of operation, blood loss, and incidence of postoperative complications were significantly lower in the AM patients than in the DM patients. During 12 months follow-up, recurrence of prolapse occurred in 1 patient who underwent AM surgery. Conclusion: AM surgery is effective, with lower complication rates and postoperative analgesic requirements, and is a less invasive treatment for patients with grade III hemorrhoids compared to DM surgery.
Polarimetric Observation of (3200) Phaethon, in Preparation for the Upcoming DESTINY+ Space Mission
Jooyeon Geem,Masateru Ishiguro,Jun Takahashi,Hiroshi Akitaya,Koji S. Kawabata,Tatsuya Nakaoka,Ryo Imazawa,Fumiki Mori,Daisuke Kuroda,Sunao Hasegawa,Fumi Yoshida,Ko Ishibashi,Tomoko Arai,Tomohiko Sekig 한국천문학회 2022 天文學會報 Vol.47 No.1
Yawara Eguchi,Satoshi Iida,Chiho Suzuki,Yoshiyuki Shinada,Tomoko Shoji,Kazuhisa Takahashi,Seiji Ohtori 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.2
Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Purpose: We examined change in lumbrosacral spine alignment and low back pain (LBP) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis (OA). Overview of Literature: Severe hip osteoarthritis has been reported to cause spine alignment abnormalities and low back pain, and it has been reported that low back pain is improved following THA. Methods: Our target population included 30 patients (29 female, mean age 63.5 years) with hip OA who underwent direct anterior approach THA. There were 12 cases with bilateral hip disease and 18 cases with unilateral osteoarthritis. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for LBP and coxalgia, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ), and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) were assessed before and after surgery. Spinal alignment metrics were measured before and after surgery. Results: VAS for LBP change from preoperative to final postoperative observation was significantly improved (p <0.05), as was VAS for hip pain (p <0.001). RDQ improved significantly (p <0.01). All five domains of JOABPEQ were significantly improved (p <0.05). In terms of coronal alignment, lumbar scoliosis change from preoperative to last observation was significantly reduced (p <0.05). There were no significant changes in the sagittal alignment metrics. In addition, there was a correlation between before and after RDQ difference and before and after lumbar scoliosis difference (p <0.05). VAS for LBP (p <0.05) as well as RDQ (p <0.05) were significantly improved only in unilateral OA. Lumbar scoliosis was significantly improved in cases of unilateral OA (p <0.05), but alignment did not improve in cases of bilateral OA (p =0.29). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates improvements in VAS for LBP, RDQ, and all domains of JOABPEQ. There were also significant reductions in lumbar scoliosis and an observed correlation of RDQ improvement with lumbar scoliosis improvement. We were able to observe improvements in lumbar scoliosis and low back pain only in cases of unilateral OA. It has been suggested that the mechanism of low back pain improvement following THA is related to compensatory lumbar scoliosis improvement.