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Alcohol-Related Mortality in a Rural Community in Korea over an Eight-Year Period
TaeHui Kim,Jongho Shin,Samuel Noh,KyoJung Shin,JongKu Park,JoungSook Ahn,Seongho Min 대한신경정신의학회 2007 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.4 No.2
Objective-This study investigated the effects of alcohol intake and alcohol dependency on mortality over an eight-year period in a rural community in South Korea. Methods-We performed descriptive analyses of the deceased individuals using basic demographic data, alcohol-related data such as the amount of alcohol consumed daily, the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), drinking behaviors, and smoking behaviors. We controlled various confounding factors using binary logistic regression to detect the odds ratio for alcohol-related mortality. Results-A higher mortality rate was observed in those subjects scoring 15 or more on the SADQ with an odds ratio of 1.74 (95% CI=0.86-3.51). A lower mortality rate was observed in those who consumed less than 12 g of alcohol per day than in the non-drinkers or those who consumed 12 g or more of alcohol per day. Conclusion-The results revealed that alcohol intake and intermediate-term mortality had a J-shaped relationship, similar to that found in previous studies using Western subjects.
An Offset-Tolerant Dual-Reference-Voltage Sensing Scheme for Deep Submicrometer STT-RAM
Taehui Na,Jisu Kim,Byungkyu Song,Jung Pill Kim,Kang, Seung H.,Seong-Ook Jung IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on very large scale integration Vol.24 No.4
<P>Due to the increased process variation and reduced supply voltage in deep submicrometer technology nodes, an offset-tolerant sensing scheme has become essential. However, most offset-tolerant sensing schemes suffer from inherent performance degradation owing to multiple-stage sensing. In this paper, a dual V-ref sensing scheme (DVSS) that selectively uses an optimal V-ref between Vref+ and Vref- is proposed. This scheme is tolerant to process variations, and can be used as a spin-transfer-torque random access memory. Because of no additional sensing stage, the offset-tolerant sensing is achieved without sacrificing the performance. The optimal V-ref is selected after fabrication, and the calibrated switch control bit, which contains V-ref selection information, is stored permanently in an on-chip nonvolatile latch. Monte Carlo HSPICE simulation results, using an industry-compatible 45-nm model parameters, show that the proposed DVSS achieves a read yield of 98.24% for 32 Mb (6.1 sigma) with 2x faster sensing speed and 1.5x lower read energy per bit compared with the state-of-the-art offset-tolerant sensing scheme.</P>
Reference-Scheme Study and Novel Reference Scheme for Deep Submicrometer STT-RAM
Taehui Na,Jisu Kim,Jung Pill Kim,Kang, Seung H.,Seong-Ook Jung IEEE 2014 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS PART 1 R Vol.61 No.12
<P>As technology scales down, the sensing margin of spin-transfer-torque random access memory is significantly degraded because of the increased process variation and decreased supply voltage. The sensing current, which is limited to prevent read disturbance, further degrades the sensing margin. To improve the sensing margin, various reference schemes have been proposed. However, it is essential to be selective because the read stability, write ability, and array efficiency are very different according to the reference schemes. This paper presents the study of a variety of reference schemes and outlines five requirements for an optimized reference scheme as follows: 1) no parasitic mismatch, 2) no regularity problem, 3) no read disturbance, 4) no write-current degradation, and 5) small area overhead. A novel reference scheme that satisfies all the requirements for the optimized reference scheme is proposed using four 1T1MTJ cells and a reference word line structure with the same parasitic scheme.</P>
Taehui Nam,Sunghoon Son,Eojn Kim,Huong Viet Hoa Tran,Bonyoung Koo,Hyungwon Chai,Junhyuk Kim,Soumya Pandit,Anup Gurung,Sang-Eun Oh,Eun Jung Kim,Yonghoon Choi,Sokhee P. Jung 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.4
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an innovative environmental and energy system that converts organic wastewater into electrical energy. For practical implementation of MFC as a wastewater treatment process, a number of limitations need to be overcome. Improving cathodic performance is one of major challenges, and introduction of a current collector can be an easy and practical solution. In this study, three types of current collectors made of stainless steel (SS) were tested in a single-chamber cubic MFC. The three current collectors had different contact areas to the cathode (P 1.0 ㎠; PC 4.3 ㎠; PM 6.5 ㎠) and increasing the contacting area enhanced the power and current generations and coulombic and energy recoveries by mainly decreasing cathodic charge transfer impedance. Application of the SS mesh to the cathode (PM) improved maximum power density, optimum current density and maximum current density by 8.8%, 3.6% and 6.7%, respectively, comparing with P of no SS mesh. The SS mesh decreased cathodic polarization resistance by up to 16%, and cathodic charge transfer impedance by up to 39%, possibly because the SS mesh enhanced electron transport and oxygen reduction reaction. However, application of the SS mesh had little effect on ohmic impedance.
고전압 임펄스를 활용한 발전용수 칼슘농도 저감에 관한 연구
김태희(TaeHui Kim),장인성(In-Soung Chang),정재환(Jae-Hwan Jung),홍웅기(Woong ki Hong),이준호(June-Ho Lee) 대한전기학회 2017 전기학회논문지 Vol.66 No.3
As an alternate technique for water softening, high voltage impulse (HVI) is introduced and verified if it can control the CaCO3 scale formation in industrial water treatment. After HVI was applied to the artificial hard water containing 100±5 mg/L Ca2+ for 4 hours, the Ca2+ concentration and the electrical conductivity were measured. The concentration of Ca2+ was reduced from 94.5 to 86.3 mg/L (8.7% reduction) after 4 hour contact of HVI under 5 kV condition. The Ca2+ was decreased from 92 to 77.7 mg/L (15.6% reduction) at 8kV and from 90.1 to 75.4 mg/L (16.3% reduction) at 12 kV condition. Both of the contact time and the applied voltage were important parameters affecting the calcium ion reduction. With these results, it was verified that HVI technique could be potential candidate for control of CaCO3 scale formation.
김태희(TaeHui Kim),장인성(In-Soung Chang),이준호(June-Ho Lee),정재환(Jae-Hwan Jung) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2
본 연구는 기존의 연수화 공정의 단점을 보완하는 대체 기술로서 고전압 임펄스를 이용하여 경수에 존재하는 칼슘이온 (Ca++)의 농도를 제어하고자 하였다. 95 ppm의 칼슘이온이 존재하는 인공시료에 고전압 임펄스를 인가하여 칼슘이온을 제거하여 스케일의 발생을 억제시키는 원리로 칼슘이온의 농도 변화를 관찰하였다. 제조된 인공시료에 5kV, 8kV, 12kV의 전압을 4시간동안 인가한 결과 인가 전압에 따라 시료의 칼슘이온농도가 각각 8.7%, 15.6%, 16.3% 감소하여 고전압 임펄스 기술을 활용한 경도 제거가 가능한 것으로 나타났다.