Effect of Non-animal-Derived Nitrogen Sources on the Production of Hyaluronic Acid by Streptococcus sp. KL0188

Lee, Gil-Yong,Ha, Suk-Jin,Jung, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Dong-Ho,Park, Jong-Yul,Kim, Su-Rin,Park, Nam-Woo,Kweon, Dong-Keon,Park, Sang-Hoo,Park, Cheon-Seok The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.3

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear high-molecular-weight polysaccharide with useful biomedical applications. Streptococcus zooepidemicus, a typical HA-producing bacterium, requires an animal-derived nitrogen source such as tryptone, peptone or sheep blood as a nutrient. Sixteen non-animal-derived (NAD) nitrogen sources were tested as a replacement for the expensive animal-derived nitrogen sources, which may have safety issues. Among the sixteen tested NAD nitrogen sources, a yeast-derived nitrogen source (YE 0251) showed the highest HA productivity, which was equivalent to the control HA production medium containing tryptone in a 5-L jar and in 3,000-L industrial fermentations. In the 3,000-L fermentation, YE 0251 increased cell mass (dry cell weight) and HA production by 11% and 8%, respectively, compared with the control HA production medium. The fmal specific volumetric productivity (0.41 g/L h) was improved by about 70% after reducing the fermentation time from 20 h to 12 h, compared to the conventional production medium.

콩의 동화기관과 수용기관의 능력평가

Suk Ha Lee,Yeul Gue Seung,Seok Dong Kim 韓國作物學會 1995 Korean journal of crop science Vol.40 No.2

콩의 수량에 대한 광합성 기관(source)과 광합성생물 수용기관(sink)이 미치는 영향을 살펴 보고자, 꼬투리의 크기에 비하여 종실 건물면적이 불량한 수집검정콩인 강릉재래 밀 금릉재래, 꼬투리의 비대가 충실한 백운콩 및 수원 168호를 공시하였다. 두 수준의 재식밀도(ha당 55,000, 110,000 개체)와 개화기 이후 등숙 기간 중 차광막을 설치하여 광합성 능력에 관여하는 환경요인을 변화시킴으로써 나타나는 건물중분배 및 개체수량 반응을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지상부 및 종실건물중의 품종간 광합성능력 변화를 위한 재식밀도 및 차광시 처리간 유의적인 차이가 인정되었고 품종 및 처리간 유의적인 상호작용 효과도 있었다. 2. 지상부 총건물중에 대한 종실건물중 비율은 품종간 차이가 인정되어, 수원 168호가 가장 높았으며, 광합성 능력을 변화시키기 위한 처리 가운데 극히 광이 부족한S2 를 제외한 나머지 세 처리간 차이는 없었다. 3. 등숙기간중에수량을 위한 source와 sink 능력을 광합성 기관 제한정도(source limitation value)에 의하여 품종간 비교하여 보면, 꼬투리에 종실이 충분히 면적되는 수원 168호는 source가, 수집검정콩인 강릉재래나 금릉재래는 sink의 기능이 수량에 있어서 제한요인으로 작용하였다

콩의 식품적 의의 및 생산수급과 식용콩의 자급 향상

이홍석,이영호,이석하 대한민국 학술원 2011 학술원논문집 : 자연과학편 Vol.50 No.2

콩은 단백질 공급을 비롯하여 영양가가 높아 예로부터 우리의 중요 식품으로 널리 다양하게 이용하여 왔을 뿐 아니라 지속적인 밭작물 재배를 가능케 하는 중요한 역할을 하여 왔으며, 최근에는 건강식품으로 또 친환경 농업 작물로 주목을 받고 있다. 콩은 세계적으로 99,501천ha에서 223,185천톤(2,243kg/ha)이 생산되고 그의 35.5% (35,130백만불)가 수출되고 그 중 43%는 미국 콩이, 96.5%는 미대륙 생산 콩이 수출되고 있으며, 수입의 반 정도는 중국이, 37.6% 정도는 유럽의 선진국과 일본 등 10여 개국에서 각각 수입하고 있고, 우리나라도 10번째의 수입국이며 세계적 소비수요는 계속 증가되고 있다. 우리나라는 1968년의 313,501ha의 재배에서 계속 감소하여 현재는 75,242ha에서 132,674톤이 생산되고 1,261천톤이 수입되었으며, 전체 자급률은 수요량 1,333천톤의 8.6%, 식용 및 기타는 수요량 387천톤의 29.5%에 불과하다. 콩, 특히 식용콩의 증산에 의한 자급율 향상은 경지정리 및 주산단지 조성을 통한 생력기계화 재배를 전제로 첫째, 밭의 작부체계 개선 둘째, 논의 밭 전환재배 셋째, 북한의 동해안 지대의 밭을 장기임대하여 재배하고 그 대가를 쌀 지원으로 하는 것이며 넷째는 인접국에서 밭을 매입 또는 장기 임대하여 생산 공급하는 방법 등을 생각할 수 있을 것이다.

건축물 외장의 배색 유형에 관한 연구 : 광주광역시 금남로 가로 건축물을 중심으로

이청웅,최석창,김양석,하주아 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1997 국토개발연구 Vol.17 No.1

Since the urban environmental colors as a starting point of the research on environmental colors of the building depend on the environmental characteristics of the complex and various physical and social culture to improve the visual order of the urban landscape and don't establish its system and order, the importance of the visual effects of urban environment has been suggested through the experimental and theoretical research. It is to want to abstract the factor of surface pattern from the side of two dimentional physical factor and perceptual of architecture surface construction by concreting calssifing the criterion of analysis in to rank phase, perceptual concept, finding out basic composition factor of shape and opening architecture surface construction of design. To suggest the material of mere practical color design, this study examines the research of exterial colors of the building on the street, prescribes the characteristics of the building with other environmental factors which compose the colors and aims at suggesting the actual color design materials making the trend of colors the object of the research.

수목 정유의 생리활성화에 관한 연구(1) : 침엽수 잎 정유의 항균활성 Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils from Coniferous Needles

이성숙,강하영,최인규 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.1

대표적인 침엽수인 소나무, 잣나무, 편백, 화백의 잎 정유를 사용하여 수목 정유의 항균활성에 관하여 조사하였다. 항진균활성은 배지점적법을 이용하여 목재부후균인 Gliocladium virens, Tyromyces palustris, Trametes versicolor를, 비부후성 열화균인 Rhizopus stolonifer를, 수목병원균인 Phomopsis albobestita, Endothia nitschkeii, Melanconis juglandis에 대하여, 그리고 항세균활성은 paper disc법과 탁도측정법을 이용하여 그람양성균인 Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis 및 그람음성균인 Escherichia coli에 대하여 검정하였다. 그 결과 항진균활성은 편백이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으며 그 다음이 소나무와 잣나무로 목재부후균에 대해서는 소나무가 잣나무보다 높은 활성을, 수목병원균에 대해서는 잣나무가 소나무보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 그리고 화백 잎 정유가 가장 활성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 항세균활성은 항진균활성과 달리 소나무 잎 정유가 편백보다 높은 활성을 보였으며 그 다음이 잣나무 그리고 화백의 순이었다. 이러한 정유에 따른 항균 스펙트럼의 차이는 각 정유의 성분 변이와 이러한 성분들의 미생물에 대한 작용특이성에 기인하는 것으로 사료되었다. The essential oils were extracted from the needles of several softwood tree species, Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Chamaecyparis pisifera to investigate their biological activities. The antifungal activity by hyphal growth inhibition method was determined by three wood rot fungi, one mouldous fungi, and three tree pathogenic fungi and the antibacterial activity by paper disc method and turbidiometric method by three gram positive bacteria and one gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, were also tested. Antifungal activity was the best in the essential oil from C. obtusa, and the following was resulted in order of P. densiflora and P. koraiensis. The essential oil from P.densiflora showed higher antifungal activity against wood rot fungi than that from P. koraiensis, while the result was contrary against tree pathogenic fungi. However, the antibacterial activity was the best in the essential oil from P. densiflora, and the following was in order of C. obtusa and P. koraiensis. From these results, the variation of biological activity seemed to be due to the chemical composition of essential oils.

반도성 BaTiO₃의 PTCR 효과에 미치는 첨가제와 냉각속도의 영향

이경희,최석진,이병하 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1988 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.-

In this study, first, we measured the PTCR effects according to the variations of dopant amount (0.1-0.3wt% Sb₂O₃, 0.075-0.175w1% ??) of BaTiO₃specimens, which fired at 1320℃ in 1 hour and cooled 100℃/hr rate. Second. we measured the PTCR effects according to the colling rate (200℃/11r, 100℃/hr, 50℃/11r) of 0.lwt% Sb₂O₃or 0.075wt% ?? doped BaTiO₃ specimens which have the best characteristics. Third, we investigated the PTCR effects and microstructures according to the variations of MnSO₄additive amount (0.0045 - 0.0125wt%) of BaTiO₃, specimens based on the compositions and cooling rate which showed the best characteristics from previous experiments. The results were that the PTCR effects were increased and the grain growths were inhibited as the increased amount of MnSO₄and slowed cooling rate.

대학교육목적 실천을 위한 발전방향에 관한 연구 : 남서울대학교를 대상으로

이재하,이석열 남서울대학교 2007 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine and present advanced direction for Nam Seoul University. In order to achieve this purpose, a survey of their (professor, staff, student) awareness of the educational goal of NSU was carried out. The sample was 201, Analyzing empirical data, we found that the focus of NSU education is centered on upbring of the industrial oriented competent person. Therefore, NSU have to focus on more practical education. And the presentation of good vision of NSU is useful for growth recognition of NSU image. The direction of differentiation of NSU are informationize, globalization, diversifying etc.

요관석의 요관경하배석술 후 요관부목의 선별적 유치

이상훈,윤하나,심봉석,이시내 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Purpose : Ureteral stent is commonly used after ureterscopic stone removal(URS). However, there is no definitive clinical criteria in inserting the ureteral stent after URS. Patients often complain of bladder irritative symptoms, hematuria. flank pain and additive endoscopic prodedure is neces-sary to remove the ureteral stent. Therefore, we studied the clinical epicacy of selective ureteral stenting only when it is required. Materials and Methods : Of the patients who was taken URS, the following patients were exclu-ded from stent insertion ; 1) Patients who have mild hydronephrosis or symptoms less than 1week. 2) Patients who were able to insert the ureteroscope through the ureteral orifice without difficulty. 3) Patients who hardly have ureteral mucosal damage seen through the ureteroscopic field after the removal of ureteral stone. 4) Patients who did not need the additional lithoclast during the remo-val of ureteral stone. Other than the above patients and those with stones above the mid-ureter, a 6Fr. ureteral stent was inserted and kept for 3weeks. There were 29 unstented patients and 38 stented patients. Results : The average age of the non-stenting and stenting group were 37.5years old and 39.7years old and the average stone size were 0.68cm and 0.80cm. The average operation time was 3 minutes in the non-stenting and 8minutes(including ureteral stent insertion time) in the stenting group. Hos-pital stay was 3days in both groups. Intermittent gross hematuria and irritative symptoms of the bladder was shown for 3weeks after operation in most of the patients(32cases, 84.2%) of the sten-ting group while those in the unstenting group, the symptoms were relieved after2days after operation. Although mild flank pain was shown in few patients(4cases, 13.8%) of the non-stenting group, severe pain requiring intravenous analgesics was not seen in both groups. There were no specific findings in the intravenous urography which was done at 6weeks after operation, and no hematuria and pyuria was found in both groups. Conclusion : The selective placement of ureteral stent following the ureteroscopic removal of stone did not bring specfic complications. We believe that ureteral stent insertion will minimize the inconvenience especially in patients who need to return to their everyday living immediately after operation. Thus ureteral stent insertion should be used in limited situations. 요관경하배석술 후 많은 경우에 있어서 요관부목을 유치하고 잇지만 선별적으로 판단하여 설치할 경우 특별한 문제점이 없었으며, 수술 수 바로 일상생활에 복귀하여야 하는 환자들의 불편함을 최소화할 수 잇을 것으로 생각되며, 요관부목 설치는 제한적인 상황하에서 시행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

콩에서 분자유전자 지도에 기초한 협개열성 관련 양적형질 유전자좌 분석

이석하 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Pod dehiscence (PD), sometimes referred to as shattering in soybean, causes serious yield loss in tropical and subtropical regions. However, breeding for resistance to PD is difficult due to the complicated genetic behavior and environmental interaction. This research was performed to improve breeding efficiency for resistance to PD based on SSR marker in soybean. Using two soybean populations, Keunolkong x Shinpaldalkong and Keunolkong x Iksan 10, a number of QTLs for PD were identified. Of specific interest, QTL at Satt215 on linkage group (LG) J explaining 42.3% of the phenotypic variation was found to be a major QTL conferring PD. In addition to identification of QTLs for PD, QTLs for days to first flowering, ays to flowering, days to maturity, and days from flowering to maturity were also identified. This result suggested that diffeent breeding approach depending upon genetic material should be considered to avoid PD. The major QTL for PD may be used for minimizing soybean PD through effective marker-assisted selection.

개발산출물의 신뢰성 측정을 위한 메트릭스의 제안과 평가

이하용,황석형,양해술 한국정보처리학회 1998 한국정보처리학회 추계 학술발표논문집 Vol.4 No.1

소프트웨어는 갈수록 대규모화, 다기능화되는 방향으로 발전하고 있다. 더불어 소프트웨어에 관한 사용자의 요구 수준도 높아지고 있으며 특히 소프트웨어의 품질에 대한 요구는 지속적으로 높아지고 있다. 이러한 사용자의 요구를 만족시킬 수 있는 방안들이 다양한 관점에서 연구되고 있다. 그중에서도 소프트웨어의 품질평가를 통해 그 결과를 개발자에게 피드백함으로써 소프트웨어의 품질을 향상시키려는 관점에서 품질평가 체계 및 방법론에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어의 품질에 관한 국제표준인 ISO/IEC 9126의 품질특성 중 신뢰성에 대한 품질특성, 부특성, 내부특성의 체계에 따른 메트릭스와 품질측정표를 개발함으로써 관련 내부특성의 품질평가를 통해 신뢰성에 대한 평가 결과를 산출할 수 있는 체계를 확립하고 개발산출물에 대해 평가한 결과를 제시하였다. α,ω-Bis[Co₂(CO)6{μ-η²:η²-C(R)≡C}]oligothiophene derivatives (6-10), in which two dicobalt hexacarbonyl acetylides are π-conjugated onto both terminals of the oligothiophene, were prepared by the reaction of the α,ω-bis(alkynyl)oligothiophenes (1-5) with Co₂(CO)8. The molecular structures of new compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In cyclic voltammetry of the clusters 6-10, two oligothiophene-based oxidation processes (one for 7) occur between - 0.2 and 1.5 V, and the one reductive process of the metal cluster moieties occurs between 0.0 and - 1.6 V, which is not present for the oligothiophenes (1-5). The silence of the expected electronic communication of the clusters 6-10 may be attributed to the reduction process followed by fast chemical reactions at ambient temperature. The clusters 6-10 commonly exhibit three characteristic bands: a moderately intense, high-energy band, strong medium-energy band and weak-low energy band. The high-energy bands are attributed to the a π-π localized excitation. The medium- and low-energy bands may be ascribed to the metal-to-ligand (d□-π□) charge-transfer transitions of the cluster moiety.