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Stephanie, Stephanie,Choi, Jun Young,Kumar, Abhishek,Suh, Jin Soo Korean FootAnkle Society 2015 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.19 No.2
We report on a case of post-burn contracture and right foot deformity in a 37-year-old female who underwent two surgical interventions at the age of seven years. The patient remained well without any associated problems until she presented to our hospital at the age of 37 years with severe pain and right foot deformity. A few treatment modalities have been reported, and amputation has been suggested as the best approach. However, our patient was treated with a talonavicular arthrodesis and a soft tissue procedure, which resulted in a stable, plantigrade, and pain-free foot with an unsupported, bipedal gait.
Stephanie J King,Declan F McCole 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.2
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract-the main site of host-microbial interaction in the body. Development of IBD is not due to a single event but rather is a multifactorial process where a patient’s genetic background, behavioral habits, and environmental exposures contribute to disease pathogenesis. IBD patients exhibit alterations to gut bacterial populations “dysbiosis” due to the inflammatory microenvironment, however whether this alteration of the gut microbiota precedes inflammation has not been confirmed. Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of gut microbes in developing measured immune responses and modulating other host responses such as metabolism. Much of the work on the gut microbiota has been correlative and there is an increasing need to understand the intimate relationship between host and microbe. In this review, we highlight how commensal and pathogenic bacteria interact with host intestinal epithelial cells and explore how altered microenvironments impact these connections. (Intest Res 2019;17:177-191)
Aging Alters Hepatic DNA Hydroxymethylation, as Measured by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Stephanie A. Tammen,Gregory G. Dolnikowski,Lynne M. Ausman,Zhenhua Liu,김경철,Simonetta Filippi,최상운 대한암예방학회 2014 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.19 No.4
Background:Aging is one of the most important risk factors for cancer. It appears that aberrant epigenetic changes might be a commondriver of aging and cancer. Among them are changes in DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation. The 5’ carbon of cytosinesin CpG dinucleotides of DNA can be either methylated or hydroxymethylated. Like 5’-methylcytosine, changes in 5’-hydroxymethylcytosinemay occur due to aging, potentially leading to downstream changes in transcription and cancer development. Methods:We set up a method to measure 5’-methyl-2’-deoxycytidine and 5’-hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine in DNA using liquidchromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) and used this method to measure the percentage of total cytosine that was eithermethylated or hydroxymethylated in the liver tissues of young and old C57Bl/6 male mice. The DNA was enzymatically hydrolyzed bysequential digestion with nuclease P1, phosphodiesterase I and alkaline phosphatase. The isotopomers [15N3]-2’-deoxycytidine and(methyl-d3, ring-6-d1)-5-methyl-2’-deoxycytidine were added to the DNA hydrolysates as internal standards. DNA methylation andhydroxymethylation were calculated as a percentage of total deoxycytidine in genomic DNA. Results:Within day variations for DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation were 3.45% and 8.40%, while day to day variations were6.14% and 17.68%, respectively. Using this method it was determined that hepatic DNA of old mice had increased levels ofhydroxymethylation relative to young (0.32 ± 0.02% vs. 0.24 ± 0.01%, P= 0.02), with no significant changes in 5’-methylcytosine. Conclusions:DNA hydroxymethylation measured by LC/MS-MS method can be a novel biomarker of aging. It will be useful to investigatethe potential role of DNA hydroxymethylation in the development and prevention of age-associated cancer.
Stephanie A. Tammen,박정은,신필경,Simonetta Friso,정자용,최상운 대한암예방학회 2016 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.21 No.4
Background: Alcohol is known to affect two epigenetic phenomena, DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation, and iron is a cofactor of ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes that catalyze the conversion from methylcytosine to hydroxymethylcytosine. In the present study we aimed to determine the effects of alcohol on DNA hydroxymethylation and further effects of iron on alcohol associated epigenetic changes. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either Lieber-DeCarli alcohol diet (36% calories from ethanol) or Lieber-DeCarli control diet along with or without iron supplementation (0.6% carbonyl iron) for 8 weeks. Hepatic non-heme iron concentrations were measured by colorimetric assays. Protein levels of hepatic ferritin and transferrin receptor were determined by Western blotting. Methylcytosine, hydroxymethylcytosine and unmodified cytosine in DNA were simultaneously measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. Results: Iron supplementation significantly increased hepatic non-heme iron contents (P < 0.05) but alcohol alone did not. However, both alcohol and iron significantly increased hepatic ferritin levels and decreased hepatic transferrin receptor levels (P < 0.05). Alcohol reduced hepatic DNA hydroxymethylation (0.21% ± 0.04% vs. 0.33% ± 0.04%, P = 0.01) compared to control, while iron supplementation to alcohol diet did not change DNA hydroxymethylation. There was no significant difference in methylcytosine levels, while unmodified cytosine levels were significantly increased in alcohol-fed groups compared to control (95.61% ± 0.08% vs. 95.26% ± 0.12%, P = 0.03), suggesting that alcohol further increases the conversion from hydroxymethylcytosine to unmodified cytosine. Conclusions: Chronic alcohol consumption alters global DNA hydroxymethylation in the liver but iron supplementation reverses the epigenetic effect of alcohol.
Clustering of craniofacial patterns in Korean children with snoring
Stephanie Maritza Anderson,Hoi-Jeong Lim,Ki-Beom Kim,Sung-Wan Kim,Su-Jung Kim 대한치과교정학회 2017 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.47 No.4
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the craniofacial patterns of Korean children with snoring and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) could be categorized into characteristic clusters according to age. Methods: We enrolled 236 children with snoring and ATH (age range, 5–12 years) in this study. They were subdivided into four age groups: 5–6, 7–8, 9–10, and 11–12 years. Based on cephalometric analysis, the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns of each individual were divided into Class I, II, and III, as well as the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent patterns, respectively. Cluster analysis was performed using cephalometric principal components in addition to the age factor. Results: Three heterogeneous clusters of craniofacial patterns were obtained in relation to age: cluster 1 (41.9%) included patients aged 5–8 years with a skeletal Class I or mild Class II and hyperdivergent pattern; cluster 2 (45.3%) included patients aged 9–12 years with a Class II and hyperdivergent pattern; and cluster 3 (12.8%) included patients aged 7–8 years with a Class III and hyperdivergent pattern. Conclusions: This study found that the craniofacial patterns of Korean children with snoring and ATH could be categorized into three characteristic clusters according to age groups. Although no significantly dominant sagittal skeletal discrepancy was observed, hyperdivergent vertical discrepancy was consistently evident in all clusters.
Exclusive Enteral Nutrition for the Treatment of Pediatric Crohn's Disease: The Patient Perspective
Stephanie Christine Brown,Catherine L Wall,Richard B Gearry,Andrew S Day The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2023 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.26 No.3
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, incurable and relapsing disease involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is first-line therapy. Few studies have examined the patient experience of EEN. The aim of this study was to assess the child's experiences of EEN, to identify problematic themes and understand the child's mindset. Children with CD who previously completed EEN were recruited to complete a survey. All data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and reported as N (%). Forty-four children (mean age 11.3 years) consented to participate. Sixty-eight percent of children reported limited formula flavors as the most challenging aspect and 68% of children identified 'support' to be important. This study highlights the psychological impact of chronic disease and its therapies on children. Providing adequate support is essential to insure EEN is successful. Further studies are required to determine psychological support strategies for children taking EEN.
Spatial uncertainty in cluster detection
Stephanie Kleinschmidt,Alan T. Murray,Sergio J. Rey,Luc Anselin,Tony H. Grubesic 대한공간정보학회 2016 Spatial Information Research Vol.24 No.3
Advances in GIS are increasingly focused on providing more sophisticated spatial analytical capabilities. Much of this work assumes no attribute and positional uncertainties in data. While there has been considerable research devoted to enhanced data creation techniques and metadata associated with error and uncertainty, little has been done to characterize or better understand error/ uncertainty impacts in spatial analysis. This paper explores issues associated with the detection and significance of clusters under known positional uncertainty. Multiple equally likely data instances in which positional certainty is not assumed are assessed for existence of clusters. Results suggest that identified patterns can vary significantly when there is error or uncertainty in spatial data.