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Lee, Joonwoo,Hong, Yi Jae,Yang, Ji Seon,Cho, Soomuk,Hahn, Sang June,Yoon, Shin Hee Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2013 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.36 No.3
<P>Various effects of acorn extract have been reported including antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and the levels of acetylcholine and its related enzyme activities in the dementia mouse models. However, it is unclear whether acorn extract inhibits glutamate-induced calcium signaling in hippocampal neurons. This study was an investigation into the effect of acorn extract on intracellular free Ca concentrations ([Ca]) in cultured rat hippocampal neurons using fura-2-based digital calcium imaging and photometry. Hippocampal neurons were used between 10 and 14 d in culture from embryonic day-18 rats. Treatment with acorn extract (1 ?g/mL to 1 mg/mL) for 30 min inhibited glutamate (100 ?M)-induced [Ca] increases in a dose-dependent manner (IC=46.9 ?g/mL). After depletion of intracellular Ca stores by treatment with the inhibitor endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase, thapsigargin (1 ?M), treatment with acorn extract (50 ?g/mL) for 30 min decreased the subsequent glutamate-induced [Ca] increases. Acorn extract significantly inhibited (S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) (30 ?M)-induced [Ca] increases. In addition, acorn extract inhibited the AMPA-induced [Ca] responses in the presence of 1 ?M nimodipine. Acorn extract also significantly inhibited N-methyl-D-aspartate (100 ?M)-induced [Ca] increases. Acorn extract significantly inhibited 50 mM KCl -induced [Ca] increases. Acorn extract significantly inhibited (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine-induced [Ca] responses. Moreover, acorn extract almost completely blocked synaptically mediated [Ca] spikes induced by decreasing extracellular Mg concentration to 0.1 mM. These results suggest that acorn extract inhibits synaptically induced frequent [Ca] spikes through multiple pathways such as ionotropic glutamate receptors, voltage-gated Ca channels and metabotropic glutamate receptors in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.</P>
Effects of a Rubus coreanus Miquel supplement on plasma antioxidant capacity in healthy Korean men
Ji Eun Lee,Eunkyo Park,Jung eun Lee,Joong Hyuck Auh,Hyung-Kyoon Choi,Jaehwi Lee,SooMuk Cho,Jung-Hyun Kim 한국영양학회 2011 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.5 No.5
Korean raspberry, Rubus coreanus Miquel (RCM), contains high concentrations of phenolic compounds, which prevent oxidative stress. To determine the effect of RCM on antioxidant capacity in humans, we assessed in vivo lipid oxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities from plasma in 15 healthy men. The subjects ingested 30 g of freeze-dried RCM daily for 4 weeks. Blood was taken at baseline and at the end of the study to determine blood lipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose, liver function, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities. RCM supplementation had no effect on blood lipid or fasting plasma glucose concentrations but decreased alkaline phosphatase activity. RCM supplementation increased glutathione peroxidase activities (P<0.05) but had no effect on lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that short-term RCM supplementation may offer health benefits by enhancing antioxidant capacity in a healthy population.