A Study on the Protection and Prevention of Worker’s Mental Health - The Occupational Safety and Health Act in South Korea -

Sookyung Park(박수경) 한국비교노동법학회 2021 노동법논총 Vol.51 No.-

본 연구는 근로자의 정신건강 보호와 예방과 관련하여 산업안전보건법상의 주요 쟁점과 과제에 대하여 분석한 후 개선사항을 제언하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 산업의 변화, 디지털 기술의 발달, 예기치 못했던 코로나 19 등에 따라 근로자의 정신건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 요인은 계속 다양해지고 있다. 그동안 우리나라 산업안전보건법에서는 근로자의 정신건강에 대한 보호가 다소 미흡한 상황이었다. 하지만 감정근로자의 보호를 시작으로 개선되고 있으며, 변화하고 있는 산업형태에 따라 업무중/작업중인 근로자의 정신건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 요인으로부터 보호하고 예방하기 위해서 산업안전보건법상의 개선이 요구되고 있는 상황이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 근로자의 정신건강을 보호 및 예방하는 관점에서 산업안전보건법상에 (ⅰ) 직무스트레스 등 정신건강에 부정적 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 규정이 필요하며, (ⅱ) 정신건강의 저해요인을 위험성평가에 실시할 필요가 있다. 또한 (ⅲ) 근로자 정신건강의 어려움으로 인한 작업중지권을 명확히 할 필요가 있으며, (ⅵ) 안전배려의무의 관점에서 사업주의 책임 강화가 필요하다. 그리고 (ⅴ) 근로자에 대한 상시적인 정신건강 관리체계가 정비되어야 하며, 마지막으로 (ⅵ) 안전보건교육의 내실화가 이루어져야 함을 논의하였다. 근로자의 정신건강에 대한 부정적인 발현은 더 이상 개인적 치료로 극복해야 하는 문제가 아니다. 무엇보다 선제적 예방의 관점에서 근로자의 정신건강을 보호하기 위한 법제도와 정책의 정비가 선결되어야 한다. 그리고 이러한 근로자의 정신건강을 예방하고 보호하기 위해 사용자의 의무와 역할도 강조되어야 한다. 또한 산업안전보건법상에서 근로자의 정신건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 요인을 명확히 하려는 시도는, 사후적 차원으로 산업재해보상 등의 보상인정기준에 근로자의 심리적 부하로 인한 정신적인 피해가 업무관련성에서 넓게 산재로 인정될 수 있는 근거로도 작용할 수 있다. 그동안 정신건강과 관련된 문제는 개인적인 문제로 치부되어 적극적으로 논의되지 못하였다. 하지만, 관련 법제도의 정비를 통하여 근로자의 정신건강 보호방안을 마련함으로써 근로자의 건강권과 양질의 일자리(decent work)를 보장하고, 양호한 직장환경의 정비 방안으로 이어질 수 있다. This study analyzes the provisions made under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) that relate to the protection of workers’ mental health and provides recommendations for their improvement. In the context of significant industrial change, advances in digital technology, and the unexpected COVID-19 pandemic, factors that negatively affect mental health continue to diversify. South Korea’s current OSHA lacks solid provision for the protection of workers’ mental health, although there has been some progress towards protecting those whose work involves emotional labor. Nevertheless, further improvements are required to protect workers from the various workplace factors that may have a negative impact on their mental health; this study explores several areas of OSHA that need such improvement, and these include: (i) specifying the employment factors that may negatively affect mental health such as job stress; (ii) conducting risk assessments of these elements; (iii) clarifying the worker’s right to suspend work due to mental health problems; (iv) strengthening business owners’ responsibilities to implement such considerations; (v) overhauling mental health management systems for workers; and (vi) ensuring the substantiality of safety and health education. Poor mental health among workers is no longer a problem that can only be overcome by personal treatment, and amending existing legislation that prevents mental health problems should be prioritized. Although mental health problems may not always be actively and openly discussed, establishing official measures to protect mental health in the workplace by improving the relevant legal systems can guarantee the worker’s right to health and improve their working environment.

Clinical considerations in the use of forced-air warming blankets during orthognathic surgery to avoid postanesthetic shivering

Park, Fiona Daye,Park, Sookyung,Chi, Seong-In,Kim, Hyun Jeong,Seo, Kwang-Suk,Kim, Hye-Jung,Han, Jin-Hee,Han, Hee-Jeong,Lee, Eun-Hee The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2015 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.15 No.4

Background: During head and neck surgery including orthognathic surgery, mild intraoperative hypothermia occurs frequently. Hypothermia is associated with postanesthetic shivering, which may increase the risk of other postoperative complications. To improve intraoperative thermoregulation, devices such as forced-air warming blankets can be applied. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplemental forced-air warming blankets in preventing postanesthetic shivering. Methods: This retrospective study included 113 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between March and September 2015. According to the active warming method utilized during surgery, patients were divided into two groups: Group W (n = 55), circulating-water mattress; and Group F (n = 58), circulating-water mattress and forced-air warming blanket. Surgical notes and anesthesia and recovery room records were evaluated. Results: Initial axillary temperatures did not significantly differ between groups (Group $W=35.9{\pm}0.7^{\circ}C$, Group $F=35.8{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$). However, at the end of surgery, the temperatures in Group W were significantly lower than those in Group F ($35.2{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and $36.2{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, respectively, P = 0.04). The average body temperatures in Groups W and F were, respectively, $35.9{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and $36.2{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ (P = 0.0001). In Group W, 24 patients (43.6%) experienced postanesthetic shivering, while in Group F, only 12 (20.7%) patients required treatment for postanesthetic shivering (P = 0.009, odds ratio = 0.333, 95% confidence interval: 0.147-0.772). Conclusions: Additional use of forced-air warming blankets in orthognathic surgery was superior in maintaining normothermia and reduced the incidence of postanesthetic shivering.

The Relationships between Caregiver Burden, Post-Traumatic Growth and Resilience among Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities

Sookyung Park(박수경),Seonwoo Lee(이선우),Jihyun Nam(남지현) 연세대학교 사회복지연구소 2019 한국사회복지조사연구 Vol.61 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 발달장애 자녀를 양육하는 어머니의 양육 부담이 탄력성 척도(RSA)의 6가지 하위 차원별을 경로로 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 것이다. 조사대상자는 경기도 지역의 만 6세 이상 20세 미만 발달장애 (지적, 자폐성 장애) 자녀를 둔 어머니 200명이며, SPSS macro program PROCESS v.2.16.3 을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발달장애인 어머니의 양육부담감과 외상 후 성장의 관계에서 탄력성 전체 간접효과가 유의하였다. 둘째, 탄력성 척도의 6가지 차원별 분석 결과, 양육 부담이 자기인식, 미래인식, 사회적 자원을 경로로 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 발달장애인 어머니의 외상 후 성장을 위한 탄력성 증진의 방안으로, 어머니의 긍정적 개인적 인식과 개인적 자원향상을 위한 강점관점 기반의 심리상담, 통합사례관리서비스의 필요성을 제언하였으며, 멘토링, 자조모임 등 활성화를 통해 발달장애 자녀를 양육하는 어머니의 사회적 지지 강화 필요성을 주장하였다. The present study aimed to test the effects of caregiver burden on post-traumatic growth (PTG) via paths consisting of sub-dimensions of resilience (RSA). Subjects were 200 mothers of children with developmental disabilities (intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder) aged between six and 20 years who resided in Gyeonggi Province. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS macro program PROCESS v.2.16.3. The study findings were as follows. First, the total indirect effect of resilience was significant in the relationship between caregiver burden and PTG in mothers of children with developmental disabilities. Second, the analysis conducted separately on sub-dimensions of resilience showed that caregiver burden influenced PTG via the paths of self-perception, perception of the future, and social resources. On the basis of the findings, the following was suggested to improve resilience in mothers of children with developmental disabilities to promote PTG: a psychological counseling and integrated case management service based on the empowerment perspective for mothers to increase positive self-perception and personal resources, along with the reinforcement of social support systems for mothers through mentoring, self-reliance groups, and the like.

Time-varying Cointegration Models and Exchange Rate Predictability in Korea

PARK, SOOKYUNG,PARK, CHEOLBEOM Korea Development Institute 2015 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.37 No.4

We examine the validity of popular exchange rate models such as the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis and the monetary model for Korean won/US dollar exchange rate. Various specification tests demonstrate that Korean data are more favorable for both models based on time-varying cointegration coefficients as compared to those based on constant cointegration coefficients. When the abilities to predict future exchange rates between those models based on time-varying cointegration coefficients are compared, an in-sample analysis shows that the time-varying PPP (monetary model) has better predictive power over horizons shorter (longer) than one year. Results from an out-of-sample analysis indicate that the time-varying PPP outperforms models based on constant cointegration coefficients when predicting future exchange rate changes in the long run.

Do Nonlinear Monetary Policy Rules Outperform the Taylor Rule in Forecasting Exchange Rates?

Sookyung Park 고려대학교 미래성장연구소 2021 미래성장연구 Vol.7 No.1

This study compares out-of-sample exchange rate predictability between nonlinear monetary policy rules and the linear rule. The nonlinear rules are derived under the circumstances of central banks’ asymmetric preferences or a nonlinear Phillips curve. The results show that the predictability of the five interest rate rule based models is related to the monetary policies operated by domestic and foreign central banks. For inflation targeting countries, the Taylor rule provides the best performance and its significant predictability occurs especially at the one-month horizon. For non-inflation targeting countries, on the other hand, monetary policy rule based models have significant longer-term predictability. In addition, the monetary policy model including interaction terms, for non-inflation targeting countries, has better predictive power than the Taylor rule.

Circadian variation of IV PCA use in patients after orthognathic surgery - a retrospective comparative study

Park, Sookyung,Chi, Seong In,Seo, Kwang-Suk,Kim, Hyun Jeong The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2015 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.15 No.3

Background: An understanding of the features of postoperative pain is essential for optimal analgesic dosing strategies. Using a visual analogue scale (VAS) score and patient controlled analgesia (PCA) infusion pattern analysis, an anesthesiologist can estimate when and how severely patients suffer from pain. Several reports have been published about circadian changes in the pain threshold. Postoperative pain was analyzed retrospectively in 250 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. Methods: A total of 250 patients were allocated into two groups according to the time of recovery from anesthesia. Patients in the early group (group E) recovered from anesthesia before 06:00 p.m. Patients in the late group (group L) recovered from anesthesia after 06:00 p.m. All patients received intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) at the end of the operation. The VAS score of pain intensity was measured. Self-administration of bolus analgesic from the IV PCA device was also analyzed according to actual time and elapsed time. Results: VAS scores showed no difference between the two groups except 36 hours after recovery from anesthesia. On POD1, there were two peaks for self-administration of bolus analgesics in group L and one peak in the morning for group E. Two peaks each in the morning and in the afternoon were shown in both groups on POD2. Conclusions: Diurnal variance in pain should be considered for effective dosing strategies.

Correlation of ketone bodies in blood and spleen

Sookyung Jeon,Sumin Lee,Wooyong Park,Chihyun Park,Minjung Kim 한국분석과학회 2023 분석과학 Vol.36 No.4

비정규직의 직무요구와 정신건강과의 관계에서 직무자율성 결여, 보상부적절, 자기효능감의 다중가산조절효과 검증: DRIVE 모델을 중심으로

박수경(Park Sookyung),이선우(Lee Seonwoo),최현민(Choi Hyunmin) 연세대학교 사회복지연구소 2017 한국사회복지조사연구 Vol.55 No.-

본 연구는 DRIVE모델을 이용하여, 비정규직 근로자의 직무요구가 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 이 과정에서 직무자원인 보상부적절, 직무자율성 결여 및 개인자원인 자기효능감의 조절 효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 조사대상자는 서울과 경기지역의 비정규직 근로자 333명이며, PROCESS Macro 프로그램을 활용하여, 다중가산조절모형을 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 비정규 직 근로자의 직무요구는 정신건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직무요구와 정신건강과의 관계에서 자기효능감의 조절효과는 나타난 반면, 보상부적절의 조절효과는 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 직무요구와 정신건강과의 관계에서 직무자율성 결여 및 자기효능감 모두 조절효 과를 보였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 비정규직의 정신건강 향상을 위한 산업복지실천 프로그램의 필요성을 제안하였다. This study is to examine moderating effects of insufficient lack of reward, job control and self-efficacy in the relationship between effect of job demand on mental health of non-regular Workers based on the DRIVE model of Mark and Smith(2008). For this purpose, the participants are composed of 333 non-regular workers resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, The PROCESS Macro program was used to examine the multi additive moderation model. The results are that first, the job demand were associated with mental health. Second, self-efficacy appeared to moderate the relationship between the job demand and mental health, but lack of reward did not. Third, both self-efficacy and insufficient job control moderated the relationships between job demands and mental health, which showed that multiple additive moderation effects were supported. Based on these results, there are need to develop the occupational social work practice program to improve the mental health of non-regular workers in South Korea.

영적 치유의 경관에 관한 지리학적 고찰

박수경(Sookyung Park) 대한지리학회 2016 대한지리학회지 Vol.51 No.1

본 연구는 치유의 경관 중 영적 치유의 경관을 한국 천주교 순례지의 사례를 통해 고찰하는 것에 목적을 두고 있다. 박해의 역사로 점철된 한국 천주교 순례지는 약 300여개가 전국적으로 퍼져있으며, 이는 조성형, 선택형, 체험형 등으로 유형을 나눌 수 있다. 조성형 순례지에는 천주교를 상징하는 조형물이 곳곳에 배치되어 있지만, 황량하거나 혹은 도심 속에 숨어있는 듯 조성되어 있어 종교의 치유적 요소가 주는 정서적인 안정감 혹은 절대적 신이 돌보고 있다는 점을 느끼기에는 다소 한계가 있다고 판단된다. 선택형 순례지에는 순례자들이 직접 신성한 경험을 체험할 수 있도록 종교적 요소들을 순례지의 구석구석에 배치했으며, 종교적 요소의 예는 박물관, 청원기도, 십자가의 길, 묵주기도의 길, 성모마리아상, 천주교 관련 조형물 등을 들 수 있다. 그렇지만 순례자들이 얼마만큼 적극적으로 그 종교적 요소를 체험하느냐에 따라 치유의 정도와 강도는 천차만별이 될 수 있다. 마지막으로 체험형 순례지는 일정한 프로그램 안에서 다양한 종교적 요소를 경험하게 되는 것을 의미한다. 이러한 체험은 개인이 아니라 순례자 집단을 위한 것이며, 여기에서 형성된 대인관계는 참여자들에 대한 관심의 네트워크로 승화되고, 승화된 타인을 향한 열린 마음은 정서적 안정과 감정의 해소, 진정성 충만한 심도 있는 치유에 닿을 수 있도록 하는 힘이 된다. 종교적 요소를 통한 영적 치유는 궁극적으로 인간의 한계와 세상의 유한성을 깨닫고, 절대적 신에게 자신을 스스로 내어놓는 것을 말하며, 이러한 영혼의 의식을 자유롭게 펼칠 수 있는 장이 바로 영적 치유의 경관이라 할 수 있다. This study aims to consider spiritual therapeutic landscapes thought the case of catholic sacred places in Korea. The catholic sacred places, which have been a series of persecution, are distributed in 300 all over the country and can be divided into a formational type, a selective type, and a participatory type. In the formational type, the catholic sculptures are scattered here and there; but it seems that there are limits somewhat to feel the emotional stability and the experience of caring by God. Because the formational type is deserted or is built up in unnoticeable urban areas. The religious factors, for example, museums, special pray, Station of the Cross, Rosary way, statues of the Virgin Mary, catholic sculptures, etc. in the selective type are placed in the corners of the catholic sacred places to provide the opportunity of holy experience to pilgrims. But the level and the intensity of healing depends on the matter as to how much pilgrims experience religious factors voluntarily. Lastly, the participatory type means the experience of various religious factors following scheduled programs. The experience is for the group of pilgrims, not a person; and the human relationship via the religious experience spiritualizes the network of interest towards other participants. Furthermore, the spiritualized open mind towards other people becomes the power that can arrive at the emotional stability, the relief of stress, and the in-depth and authentic healing. Ultimately, the spiritual healing through religious factors is to realize human finitude and dedicate one’s own self to God; in addition, the spiritual therapeutic landscapes are the place that can carry out such a spiritual ritual without any restraint.

가상공간에서의 정치 활동의 특징과 오프라인 환경과의 연계성에 대한 지리적 고찰 : 2012년 대통령 선거를 사례로

박수경(Sookyung Park) 대한지리학회 2013 대한지리학회지 Vol.48 No.5