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Past and Future Epidemiological Perspectives and Integrated Management of Rice Bakanae in Korea
Soobin Shin,류현주,Jin-Yong Jung,윤윤주,Gudam Kwon,Nahyun Lee,Na Hee Kim,Rowoon Lee,Jiseon Oh,Minju Baek,Yoon Soo Choi,Jungho Lee,김광형 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.1
In the past, rice bakanae was considered an endemic disease that did not cause significant losses in Korea; however, the disease has recently become a serious threat due to climate change, changes in farming practices, and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains. Since the bakanae outbreak in 2006, its incidence has gradually decreased due to the application of effective control measures such as hot water immersion methods and seed disinfectants. However, in 2013, a marked increase in bakanae incidence was observed, causing problems for rice farmers. Therefore, in this review, we present the potential risks from climate change based on an epidemiological understanding of the pathogen, host plant, and environment, which are the key elements influencing the incidence of bakanae. In addition, disease management options to reduce the disease pressure of bakanae below the economic threshold level are investigated, with a specific focus on resistant varieties, as well as chemical, biological, cultural, and physical control methods. Lastly, as more effective countermeasures to bakanae, we propose an integrated disease management option that combines different control methods, including advanced imaging technologies such as remote sensing. In this review, we revisit and examine bakanae, a traditional seed-borne fungal disease that has not gained considerable attention in the agricultural history of Korea. Based on the understanding of the present significance and anticipated risks of the disease, the findings of this study are expected to provide useful information for the establishment of an effective response strategy to bakanae in the era of climate change.
Histomorphometric analysis of microcrack healing after the installation of mini-implants
Shin, Soobin,Park, Pan-Soo,Baek, Seung-Hak,Yang, Il-Hyung Korean Academy of Periodontology 2015 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.45 No.2
Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the histomorphometric characteristics of the healing process of microcracks in the cortical bone after the installation of mini-implants (MIs). Methods: Self-drilling MIs were inserted into the tibial diaphysis of twelve adult male New Zealand rabbits. Four MIs per rabbit were placed randomly. The animals were divided into four groups according to the length of the healing period: group A was sacrificed immediately, group B was sacrificed after one week, group C was sacrificed after two weeks, and group D was sacrificed after four weeks. Cortical bone thickness was measured using micro-computed tomography, and histomorphometric analyses of the cumulative length of the microcracks (CLCr) and the total number of microcracks (NCr) were performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: The microcracks were radially and concentrically aligned in the peri-MI bone. The CLCr decreased significantly one week after the surgery, mainly due to healing of the concentrically aligned microcracks. The CLCr showed another significant decrease from two weeks after the surgery to four weeks after the surgery, mainly reflecting healing of the radially aligned microcracks. A statistically significant decrease in the NCr occurred as the microcracks healed from zero weeks to two weeks. However, no significant difference in the NCr was found between groups C and D. Conclusions: In order to improve the primary stability of MIs, delayed loading and a healing period of a certain length are recommended to ensure the optimal healing of microcracks and bone remodeling.
Omenn syndrome: Severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by erythroderma
( Soobin Cha ),( Gi-wook Lee ),( Jun-oh Shin ),( Yeona Kim ),( Sang-hyeon Won ),( Jungsoo Lee ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byungsoo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Kihyuk Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2023 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.74 No.2
Shin, Jeong Hong,Jung, Soobin,Ramakrishna, Suresh,Kim, Hyongbum Henry,Lee, Junwon Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.502 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Genome editing technology using programmable nucleases has rapidly evolved in recent years. The primary mechanism to achieve precise integration of a transgene is mainly based on homology-directed repair (HDR). However, an HDR-based genome-editing approach is less efficient than non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Recently, a microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ)-based transgene integration approach was developed, showing feasibility both <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo.</I> We expanded this method to achieve targeted sequence substitution (TSS) of mutated sequences with normal sequences using double-guide RNAs (gRNAs), and a donor template flanking the microhomologies and target sequence of the gRNAs <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. Our method could realize more efficient sequence substitution than the HDR-based method <I>in vitro</I> using a reporter cell line, and led to the survival of a hereditary tyrosinemia mouse model <I>in vivo</I>. The proposed MMEJ-based TSS approach could provide a novel therapeutic strategy, in addition to HDR, to achieve gene correction from a mutated sequence to a normal sequence.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel microhomology mediated end joining (MMEJ) gene correction method was tested. </LI> <LI> MMEJ resulted in precise targeted sequence substitution (TSS) <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. </LI> <LI> MMEJ-TSS showed superior efficiency than homology-directed repair (HDR) <I>in vitro</I>. </LI> <LI> MMEJ-TSS resulted in the survival of mice model of hereditary tyrosinemia <I>in vivo</I>. </LI> <LI> MMEJ-TSS could overcome the limitations of HDR for gene therapy. </LI> </UL> </P>
Jang, Soobin,Jang, Bo-Hyoung,Ko, Youme,Sasaki, Yui,Park, Jeong-Su,Hwang, Eui-Hyoung,Song, Yun-Kyung,Shin, Yong-Cheol,Ko, Seong-Gyu Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2016 No.-
<P><I>Objective</I>. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines in the management of metabolic syndrome.<I> Materials and Methods</I>. On December 9, 2015, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, AMED, CNKI, KoreaMed, KMBASE, OASIS, and J-STAGE with no restriction on language or published year. We selected randomized controlled trials that involved patients with metabolic syndrome being treated with herbal medicines as intervention. The main keywords were “Chinese herbal medicines”, “metabolic syndrome”, and “randomized controlled trials”. Herbal substances which were not based on East Asian medical theory, combination therapy with western medicines, and concurrent diseases other than metabolic syndrome were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane's “Risk of Bias” tool. The protocol or review was registered in PROSPERO (an international prospective register of systematic reviews) (CRD42014006842).<I> Results</I>. From 1,098 articles, 12 RCTs were included in this review: five trials studied herbal medicines versus a placebo or no treatment, and seven trials studied herbal medicines versus western medicines. Herbal medicines were effective on decreasing waist circumference, blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure.<I> Conclusion</I>. This study suggests the possibility that herbal medicines can be complementary and alternative medicines for metabolic syndrome.</P>
Jang, Soobin,Kim, Kyeong Han,Sun, Seung-Ho,Go, Ho-Yeon,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Jang, Bo-Hyoung,Shin, Yong-Cheol,Ko, Seong-Gyu Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-
<P><I>Background.</I> This survey aimed to investigate the characteristics of users and nonusers of herbal medicine and the adverse events experienced due to herbal medicines in South Korea.<I> Methods.</I> The questionnaire consisted of safety, using experience, using type, usage and nonusage reason, purchase location, and adverse events of herbal medicine. The survey was administered by online.<I> Results.</I> Of the total 1,134 respondents, 726 (64.0%) considered herbal medicine safe, and 693 (61.1%) answered that they have taken herbal medicines within the past year. Most common place to purchase them was “TKM hospital or clinic” (63.6%), and most participants (72.2%) took a decoction from a TKM institution. The biggest reason for taking them was for “health improvement” (57.3%), and the reasons for not using them was “medication not necessary” (63.7%). Among those who took herbal medicines, 46 experienced adverse events, and the most frequently reported symptoms were digestive disorders (52.2%). Of the 46 participants who experienced adverse events, 20 (43.5%) were treated by TKM doctors.<I> Conclusions.</I> This study suggests that regulation of herbal medicines is needed in order to resolve problems related to the safety of herbal medicines. </P>