Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nanostructured titanium dioxide/polyaniline hybrid photocatalysts

Reddy, K.R.,Karthik, K.V.,Prasad, S.B.B.,Soni, S.K.,Jeong, H.M.,Raghu, A.V. Pergamon Press 2016 Polyhedron Vol.120 No.-

<P>An organo-inorganic photocatalytic nanocomposite material based on conjugated polymer, polyaniline (PANI) with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles has been developed by performing in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidant in the presence of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles. The structural and morphological properties of TiO2/PANI nanocomposites were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. The TEM results of the TiO2/PANI nanocomposites showed that TiO2 nanoparticles of 5-10 nm of sizes are dispersed in the PANI matrix. FT-IR spectra show that the TiO2/PANI nanocomposites are almost identical to the structure of PANI alone. The photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposites were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB), Methylene Blue (MB) and phenol in the presence of UV-light irradiation. The composite catalysts exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants than unmodified TiO2 nanoparticles, which is due to sensitizing effect of PANI. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>

Blistering kinetics in H-implanted 4H-SiC for large-area exfoliation

Sharma Madan,Soni K.K.,Kumar Ashutosh,Ohkubo Tadakatsu,Kapoor A.K.,Singh Rajendra 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.31 No.-

Layer transfer of single-crystalline SiC based on layer splitting and wafer bonding on an alternate substrate is a viable approach to fabricate SiC power devices at a lower cost. Dependence of implantation-induced surface blistering and exfoliation of thin layers, on the implantation parameters and subsequent annealing conditions, for large area exfoliation of 4H-SiC have been studied. We report the optimization of the annealing process (one-step or two-step) and annealing parameters like temperature and time to achieve large area exfoliation of SiC. Using the F¨oppl-von Karman (FvK) theory, the pressure inside the blister cavities and implantation-induced stress inside the damage region have been studied. We deduce that pressure inside the blister depends primarily on the blister size. HRXRD analysis has been used to determine the strain relaxation behavior as a function of annealing conditions. Raman spectroscopy and STEM measurements revealed the formation of defects inside the material due to ion implantation. AFM, Nomarski, and SEM were used to measure the size and depth details of the blisters as a function of annealing temperature and time. We have successfully exfoliated large area (up to 500 μm) in a two-step annealing process. The results reported in this paper are useful for SiC layer transfer on an arbitrary substrate by the Smart Cut process.

Lost sales reduction and quality improvement with variable lead time and fuzzy costs in an imperfect production system

Soni, Hardik N,Sarkar, Biswajit,Mahapatra, Amalendu Singha,Mazumder, S.K. EDP Sciences 2018 RAIRO: Operations research. Recherche opéra Vol.52 No.3

<P>This article investigates the effects of lost sales reduction and quality improvement in an imperfect production process under imprecise environment with simultaneously optimizing reorder point, order quantity, and lead time. This study assumes that the demand during lead time follows a mixture of normal distributions and the cost components are imprecise and vague. Under these assumptions, the aim is to study the lost sales reduction and the quality improvement in an uncertainty environment. The objective function in fuzzy sense is defuzzified using Modified Graded Mean Integration Representation Method (MGMIRM). For the defuzzified objective function, theoretical results are developed to establish optimal policies. Finally, some numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are provided to examine the effects of non-stochastic uncertainty.</P>

Chameleonic electrochemical metallization cells: dual-layer solid electrolyte-inducing various switching behaviours

Lim, H.,Soni, R.,Kim, D.,Kim, G.,Kornijcuk, V.,Kim, I.,Park, J. K.,Hwang, C.,Jeong, D. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Nanoscale Vol.8 No.34

<P>We present 'unusual' resistive switching behaviours in electrochemical metallization (ECM) cells utilizing a dual-layer (SiOx/GeSex: SiOx on GeSex) solid electrolyte (SE). The observed switching behaviour markedly varies with the thickness of the upper SiOx layer and compliance current: (i) monostable switching, (ii) counter-eightwise bipolar switching, and (iii) combination of monostable and eightwise bipolar switching behaviours. Focusing on cases (i) and (iii), electrical and chemical analyses on these chameleonic cells were performed in an attempt to gain clues to the understanding of the observed complexity. The chemical analysis indicated the upper SiOx layer as a chemical potential well for Cu ions-Cu ions were largely confined in the well. This non-uniform distribution of Cu across the SE perhaps hints at the mechanism for the complex behaviour; it may be a 'zero-sum game' between SiOx and GeSex layers, in which the two layers fight over the limited number of Cu atoms/ions.</P>

Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of Al2O3/Graphene Reinforced Al6061 Based Hybrid Nanocomposites

Sourabh Kumar Soni,Daksh Ganatra,Parth Mendiratta,CH. S. K. Akhilesh Reddy,Benedict Thomas 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

The present work deals with the microstructure and mechanical characterization of the Al6061 based nanocomposites (2wt% Graphene and 2 wt% Al2O3)and hybrid nanocomposites (2 wt% Al2O3with 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 wt% of Graphene)processed through ultrasonic-assisted melt-stirring technique. The combined effort of reinforcement processing (ball-milling)and ultrasonic-assisted melt stirring approach has been adopted for fabricating hybrid nanocomposites with uniformly dispersedceramic nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterial. The grain structure, physical properties, fractured surfaces, microhardness,hardness, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), flexural and compressive strength of the Al6061, Al6061-based nanocompositesand hybrid nanocomposites were examined to understand the influence of ceramic and nanomaterial particleson the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the fabricated specimens. Microstructure investigation employingoptical microscopy (OM) images and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed homogenous dispersal of nano-sizedAl2O3and Graphene particles in the prepared hybrid nanocomposite specimens. The mechanical properties of the hybridnanocomposites enhance with the increase of graphene nanoparticles (up to 1 wt%) in the nanocomposite. The mechanicalcharacteristics of the hybrid nanocomposites exhibited a decreasing trend with an increase in Graphene up to 2 wt%, and anincreasing trend is observed with a further increase in Graphene after 2.5 wt%. Al6061-2 wt% Al2O3-1 wt% Graphene hybridnanocomposite depicts enhancement in compressive strength, UTS, flexural strength, hardness and microhardness of about105.55%, 171.70%, 37.86%, 71.11% and 34.78%, respectively as compared to casted Al6061 specimen.

Breast cancer detection by leveraging Machine Learning

Anji Reddy Vaka,Badal Soni,Sudheer Reddy K. 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.4

India has witnessed 30% of the cases of breast cancer during the last few years and it is likely to increase. Breast cancer in India accounts that one woman is diagnosed every two minutes and every nine minutes, one woman dies. Early detection and diagnosis can save the lives of cancer patients. This paper presents a novel method to detect breast cancer by employing techniques of Machine Learning. The authors carried out an experimental analysis on a dataset to evaluate the performance. The proposed method has produced highly accurate and efficient results when compared to the existing methods.

Modulation of Gamma Radiation-Inflicted Damage in Swiss Albino Mice by an Alcoholic Fraction of Podophyllum hexandrum Rhizome

M.L. Gupta,P.K. Agrawala,Prem Kumar I,M. Devi,N.L. Soni,R.P. Tripathi 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.3

A partially characterized extract of Podophyllum hexandrum rhizomes was studied for its radioprotective potential in mice. A major portion of the podophyllotoxin was obtained from the extract by further fractionation. Acute toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a single intraperitoneal dose of the extract were studied in mice to evaluate the toxicity of the extract, if any. Radioprotective efficacy was determined in terms of survival against 10 Gy whole-body irradiation (WBI), protection against 1 Gy-induced chromosomal aberration (CA), and estimation of dose reduction factor (DRF) in irradiated and extract pretreated mice. The MTD was observed to be 60 mg/kg of body weight, whereas a dose of 90 mg/kg of body weight yielded 50% death in mice within 72 hours of intraperitoneal administration of the extract. A dose range of 15–20 mg/kg of body weight administered 2 hours before 10 Gy WBI of mice yielded 66% survival, while administration of 10–15 mg/kg of body weight of the extract 1 hour before WBI yielded more than 90% survival. A DRF of 1.625 was estimated for 10 and 15 mg/kg of body weight of the extract administered 1 hour before WBI. Further studies on modulation of 1 Gy-induced CA revealed significant radioprotective efficacy of the extract in mouse bone marrow cells. Partial removal of podophyllotoxin was useful in reducing toxicity of the extract without altering its radioprotective efficacy.

Exogenously applied plant growth regulator protects rice from heat-induced damage by modulating plant defense mechanism

Lakshmi G.,Beena R.,Soni K. B.,Viji M. M.,Jha Uday Chand 한국작물학회 2023 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

This study was undertaken to investigate the efect of biostimulants such as spermidine (1 mM, 2 mM), indole-3-acetic acid (10–3 M, 10–5 M), brassinolide (1 mg/L, 2 mg/L) and boron (50 mg/L, 100 mg/L) on protecting rice plants from heat-induced damage. Two rice genotypes, Nagina 22 (heat tolerant) and Manu Ratna (heat susceptible), primed with biostimulant solution were germinated, 14-day-old seedlings were further foliar sprayed with respective treatment solutions prior to the induction of heat stress (42 °C, 48 h). Heat stress-induced fatal damages to non-biostimulant-treated rice seedlings, whereas biostimulanttreated ones were protected from heat stress-induced damages, marked by lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 coupled with increased levels of seedling vigour index (SVI), chlorophyll and proline contents. Results showed that 1 mM spermidine (Spd) and 10–5 M indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-treated rice seedlings showed increased heat tolerance and were evaluated for its efect at reproductive stage stress in a pot culture study. At the panicle initiation stage, plants were pretreated with 1 mM Spd and 10–5 M IAA followed by the induction of heat stress, keeping it in a temperature-controlled polyhouse (42.1 °C, till the time of harvest). Spd- and IAA-pretreated heat-exposed plants exhibited yield improvement over control by altering physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we conclude from our results that foliar IAA or Spd applications can be regarded as an agronomic strategy for mitigating the adverse efects of heat stress conditions on rice plants.

Optical CDMA Networks Using Different Detection Techniques and Coding Schemes

C.M. Negi,Amit Pandey,Gireesh G. Soni,Saral K. Gupta,J. Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2011 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.4 No.3

Efficacy and tolerability of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in small bowel stricturing Crohn’s disease: a pilot study

( Bhaskar Kante ),( Pabitra Sahu ),( Saurabh Kedia ),( Sudheer K. Vuyyuru ),( Kapil Soni ),( Maneesh Singhal ),( Raju Sharma ),( Govind Makharia ),( Vineet Ahuja ) 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.2

Background/Aims: Existing therapeutic options for complicated Crohn’s disease (CD) like biologics and surgery are limited by inadequate long-term efficacy, cost, and adverse effects. Tissue hypoxia is important in CD pathogenesis and may be ameliorated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of HBOT in small bowel stricturing CD. Methods: This pilot study included patients of small bowel stricturing CD (from April 2019 to January 2020) who underwent HBOT. These patients were refractory to conventional medical treatment or had multiple strictures not amenable to resection. Each session of HBOT was given for 60 minutes with a pressure of 1.5-2.5 atm. Clinical, biochemical responses and Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SIBD) questionnaire were evaluated at 2 and 6 months, and radiological response was evaluated at 6 months. Results: Fourteen patients (mean age, 42.9±15.7 years; male, 50%) were subjected to 168 HBOT sessions. Thirteen patients (92.7%) had strictures and 1 patient had enterocutaneous fistula in addition. Median number of HBOT sessions was 11 (range, 3-20) which were administered over a median of 4 weeks. Most patients tolerated it well except 1 who had hemotympanum. At 2 and 6 months of follow-up, 64.2% of patients had a clinical response, 50% and 64.2% of patients had clinical remission respectively. Steroid-free clinical remission was seen in 8 (57%) of patients with radiological improvement in 50%. There was a significant improvement in SIBD scores at 2-month follow-up (59.4 vs. 44.5, P=0.03). Conclusions: HBOT can be a safe and effective therapeutic option in patients with stricturing small bowel CD refractory to conventional medical treatment. (Intest Res 2022;20:231-239)