Effects of feed Moisture Content on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Starch in Twin-Screw Extruder and Saccarification of the Dried Extrudates

Budiasih W. Solihin,Mi Hwan Kim,Byung Soon Im,Jae Yoon Cha,Gi Hyung Ryu 한국식품과학회 2007 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.16 No.3

The objective of this experiment was to study the influence of feed moisture content on the degree of enzymatic hydrolysis of corn starch in a twin screw extruder and the saccarification yield of the dried extrudate. The feed moisture content was set at 25, 30, and 35% and α-amylase solution was directly injected into the feed section at a barrel temperature of 95℃ and screw speed of 250 rpm. Amyloglucosidase was used for the saccharification of the dried extrudate at a concentration of 0.055%(w/w). Expansion ratio and swelling factor of extrudates decreased with increasing the feed moisture content. Addition of α-amylase during extrusion process raised reducing sugar content of extrudates which also increased with the feed moisture content. The saccharification yield of dried extrudate was higher for the extrudate with lower feed moisture content.

Determinants of Export Diversification in Developing Countries

Rossanto Dwi Handoyo,Solihin,Kabiru Hannafi Ibrahim 대한산업공학회 2021 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.20 No.4

This study unravels the impact of different determinants of export diversification in 62 developing countries classified as low, middle, and high-income over the period 2010-2018. The empirical strategy based on Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood revealed that GDP promotes the diversification of export in low, middle, and all countries’ samples and reduces it in high-income countries. Human capital reduces export diversification in low and middle-income countries and increases it in high-income and all countries’ samples. Population and countries’ competitiveness are associated with increased export diversification. Additionally, innovation does not affect diversification in all the country classifications while R&D significantly promotes diversification in middle-income and reduces it in low-income and all countries sample. The mediation effects of the variables are positive in the middle-income and high-income countries and mixed effect in low-income and all countries sample. The study, therefore recommends the need to develop human capital, increase global competitiveness, optimal use of resources for R&D to further increase export diversification in developing countries.

Rules and validation processes for interoperable BIM data exchange

Yong-Cheol Lee,Charles M. Eastman,Wawan Solihin 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1

Diverse industries have recognized the significance of a neutral data standard for seamless building information modeling (BIM) data exchanges and adopted commonly agreed schemes such as the industry foundation classes (IFC) schema for enhancing BIM data interoperability. To selectively employ domain-specific data exchange requirements, the AEC-FM (the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Facility Management) industries have developed their own schema with a subset of the IFC schema, named a model view definition (MVD). However, because of latent human errors, inadequate MVD definitions, and error-prone data mapping problems, the adoption of IFC for exchanging and sharing BIM data is frequently limited with severe data integrity issues. This challenging situation requires the detailed examination of the limitations of the heterogeneous IFC translation processes of the current BIM authoring and application tools. To accomplish this objective, the authors thoroughly investigated the two MVDs, the Coordination View Version 2.0 and the Construction Operations Building Information Exchange, broadly used as an international standard for developing the IFC translation processes, and then identified their intrinsic requirements/rules and developed rule-based data validation processes. These new intrinsic knowledge of the two MVD specifications will be fundamental foundations to create coherent BIM data exchange systems that are currently scattered and dispersed in heterogeneous IFC translation processes and structures. Newly revealed rules pertaining to these two MVDs have been executed with IfcDoc, which is the IFC documentation tool. This BIM data validation process is expected to not only accurately evaluate the translation processes between BIM native data and IFC ones but also help industry professionals ensure the integrity and the accuracy of their BIM data according to the BIM data exchange standards using the two MVDs. In addition, the outcomes of this research study are expected to bolster the interoperable BIM adoption and offer the values of greater consistency of BIM data exchange.

Prefetching with Helper Threads for Loosely Coupled Multiprocessor Systems

Jaejin Lee,Changhee Jung,Daeseob Lim,Yan Solihin IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on parallel and distributed syst Vol.20 No.9

<P>This paper presents a helper thread prefetching scheme that is designed to work on loosely coupled processors, such as in a standard chip multiprocessor (CMP) system or an intelligent memory system. Loosely coupled processors have an advantage in that resources such as processor and L1 cache resources are not contended by the application and helper threads, hence preserving the speed of the application. However, interprocessor communication is expensive in such a system. We present techniques to alleviate this. Our approach exploits large loop-based code regions and is based on a new synchronization mechanism between the application and helper threads. This mechanism precisely controls how far ahead the execution of the helper thread can be with respect to the application thread. We found that this is important in ensuring prefetching timeliness and avoiding cache pollution. To demonstrate that prefetching in a loosely coupled system can be done effectively, we evaluate our prefetching by simulating a standard unmodified CMP system and an intelligent memory system where a simple processor in memory executes the helper thread. Evaluating our scheme with nine memory-intensive applications with the memory processor in DRAM achieves an average speedup of 1.25. Moreover, our scheme works well in combination with a conventional processor-side sequential L1 prefetcher, resulting in an average speedup of 1.31. In a standard CMP, the scheme achieves an average speedup of 1.33. Using a real CMP system with a shared L2 cache between two cores, our helper thread prefetching plus hardware L2 prefetching achieves an average speedup of 1.15 over the hardware L2 prefetching for the subset of applications with high L2 cache misses per cycle.</P>

The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the endangered mountain anoa (Bubalus quarlesi) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) and phylogenetic analysis

Dwi Sendi Priyono,Dedy Duryadi Solihin,Achmad Farajallah,Bambang Purwantara 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.2

The mitochondrial genome is able to provide important information for evolutionary biology. Therefore,this research aims at characterizing that of Bubalus quarlesi mitochondrial genome. Furthermore, it wasentirely 16,354 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA, and two rRNA genes,one putative control region. All PCGs, however, used a typical ATN as start codon, while the stop codonwere typically TAA, TGA, and TGA, with the exception of nad3 and nad6 genes using TCA. It was alsoobserved that the lowest evolution rate of PCG was cox1, while the highest was atp8. Meanwhile, aphylogenetic analysis based on 13 PCGs was performed on 14 bovine species, using Bayesian andmaximum likelihood, and its tree indicated that B. quarlesi belongs to the subtribe of Bubalina, closelyrelated to Bubalus depressicornis. These, therefore, provide novel meaningful insights for the conservationgenetics and population genetics of B. quarlesi.

Extrusion of Ginseng Root in Twin Screw Extruder: Pretreatment for Hydrolysis and Saccharification of Ginseng Extrudate

Han, Jae-Yoon,Kim, Mi-Hwan,Tie Jine,Solihin Budiasih W.,Ryu, Gi-Hyung The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.4

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of extrusion of ginseng roots in twin screw extruder on susceptibility of ginseng starch toward hydrolysis by ${\alpha}-amylase$ BAN 480L (Novozyme, Denmark) and cellulase Celluclast 150L and saccharification by amyloglucosidase AMG-E (Novozyme, Denmark). The extrusion was conducted at 22% and 30% moisture contents of feed at screw speed 300 rpm. Barrel temperature at zone 1 was adjusted at $100^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$. The results showed that extrusion process improved the ginseng ${\alpha}-amylase$ susceptibility as compared to traditionally dried ginseng (white and red ginseng). Reducing sugar of hydrolyzed extruded samples was 2,500% of its initial concentration, whereas the reducing sugar of hydrolyzed non-extruded sample was only 200% of its initial concentration. However, addition of cellulase during liquefaction lowered the saccharification yield of both non-extruded and extruded samples as well.

The behavior of insect pollinators in a teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) clonal seed orchard with weedy understory in East Java

Endah Retno Palupi,Sudarsono Sudarsono,Sjamsoe’oed Sadjad,Dedy Duryadi Solihin,John N. Owens 한국산림과학회 2023 Forest Science And Technology Vol.19 No.3

Teak is an insect-pollinated species, and seed production depends on pollinators. The objec- tives of this study were to determine potential pollinators of teak and their foraging behav- ior in obtaining alternate food sources as the basis for management recommendations. Four traps, i.e. Moczarsky-Winkler selector traps, sticky traps, yellow-pan traps, and manual traps (insect net), were put up among blooming inflorescences during the flowering period of March to May. Insects were collected and counted weekly and identified. The presence and location of the pollen on their bodies were observed. The time and duration of foraging behavior, the duration of a single visit, the number of visits in an hour, and the landing pos- ition when approaching the teak flower as well as the understory were also observed. The result showed Ceratina sp., and Braunsapis sp. (Apidae), Nomia sp. (Halictidae) were potential teak pollinators in the CSO in East Java. The insect foraging behavior supports the ability to deposit pollen onto the stigma. The presence of Mimosa pudica in the understory plays as an alternate food source for pollinators. Intensive weeding and trimming of old or dead branches should be less practiced to enhance pollinators’ populations and nesting sites.

Extrusion of Ginseng Root in Twin Screw Extruder

Jae-Yoon Han,Mi-Hwan Kim,Jine Tie,Budiasih W. Solihin,Gi-Hyung Ryu 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.4

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of extrusion of ginseng roots in twin screw extruder on susceptibility of ginseng starch toward hydrolysis by α-amylase BAN 480L (Novozyme, Denmark) and cellulase Celluclast 150L and saccharification by amyloglucosidase AMG-E (Novozyme, Denmark). The extrusion was conducted at 22% and 30% moisture contents of feed at screw speed 300 rpm. Barrel temperature at zone 1 was adjusted at 100oC and 120oC. The results showed that extrusion process improved the ginseng α-amylase susceptibility as compared to traditionally dried ginseng (white and red ginseng). Reducing sugar of hydrolyzed extruded samples was 2,500% of its initial concentration, whereas the reducing sugar of hydrolyzed non-extruded sample was only 200% of its initial concentration. However, addition of cellulase during liquefaction lowered the saccharification yield of both non-extruded and extruded samples as well.

Identification of heat shock protein70-2 and protamine-1 mRNA, proteins, and analyses of their association with fertility using frozen-thawed sperm in Madura bulls

Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada,Berlin Pandapotan Pardede,Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin,Ligaya I.T.A Tumbelaka,Dedy Duryadi Solihin,Bambang Purwantara,Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.12

Objective: This study aims to identify heat shock protein70-2 (HSP70-2) and protamine-1 (PRM1) mRNA and protein in Madura bull sperm and demonstrate their relation as bull fertility biomarkers. Methods: The Madura bull fertility rates were grouped based on the percentage of first service conception rate (%FSCR) as high fertility (HF) (79.04%; n = 4), and low fertility (LF) (65.84%; n = 4). mRNA of HSP70-2 and PRM1 with peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA) as a housekeeping gene were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to measure protein abundance. In the post-thawed semen samples, sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, and sperm DNA fragmentation index were analyzed. Data analysis was performed on the measured parameters of semen quality, relative mRNA expression, and protein abundance of HSP70-2 and PRM1, among the bulls with various fertility levels (HF and LF) in a one-way analysis of variance analysis. The Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between semen quality, mRNA, proteins, and fertility rate. Results: Relative mRNA expression and protein abundance of HSP70-2 and PRM1 were detected and were found to be highly expressed in bulls with HF (p<0.05) and were associated with several parameters of semen quality. Conclusion: HSP70-2 and PRM1 mRNA and protein molecules have great potential to serve as molecular markers for determining bull fertility.