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만성 부비동염 환자에서 부비동 내시경수술 후 후각기능의 호전
나기상,신광철,김용민 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.2
Few studies on the outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery have assessed the effect of this treatment on the sense of smell. We have collected data prospectively on 30 patients with bilateral chronic sinusitis, before and 8 weeks after surgery. Patients were asked after surgery whether their sense of smell was normal, better, a little better, the same, or worse. Olfactory detection thresholds were obtained using butanol sniff bottles. Subjective sensation of olfaction was improved in 70%, the same in 30% of patients. However, olfactory threshold score was improved in 50%, the same in 32%, and worse in 18% postoperatively. Normosmic nose was found in 10% before surgery. 26.7% showed hyposmic, and 63.3% were anosmic before surgery. The postoperative butanol test showed that 11.7% was normosmic, 50% hyposmic and 38.3% anosmic. Preoperative butanol threshold scores were lower as the severity of sinusitis increased while the degree of postoperative improvement showed no correlation with the severity of sinusitis. Cases of primary surgery showed higher preoperative butanol threshold scores and more pronounced postoperative improvement than cases of revision surgery. The results of this study suggest that impairment of olfaction in chronic sinusitis may be significantly improved following endoscopic sinus surgery.
Comparison of the Metabolic Costs of Gardening and Common Physical Activities in Children
Sin-Ae Park,A-Young Lee,Kwan-Suk Lee,Ki-Cheol Son 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.1
This study investigated the exercise intensity and energy expenditure involved in two gardening activities (planting transplants and sowing seeds in a garden plot) and four common physical activities (running, skipping rope, walking, and throwing a ball) in children. Eighteen children aged 11 to 13 years (mean age, 12.3 ± 0.7 years) participated in this study. The children made two visits to a high tunnel in Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea and performed randomly selected activities. Each activity was performed for 10 min, with a 5-min rest period between activities. The children wore a Cosmed K4b² (Cosmed K4b²; Cosmed, Rome, Italy), which is a portable calorimetric monitoring system, to measure indicators of metabolic cost such as oxygen uptake and energy expenditure. The children’s heart rates during the activities were measured by radiotelemetry (Polar T 31; FitMed, Kempele, Finland). We found that the two gardening and four physical activities performed by the 11-13 years old children in this study were moderateto high-intensity physical activities [i.e., 5.4 ± 0.7 to 9.1 ± 1.4 metabolic equivalents (METs)]. Running (9.1 ± 1.4 METs) and skipping rope (8.8 ± 1.1 METs) were high-intensity physical activities, whereas walking (6.1 ± 0.9 METs), planting transplants (5.8 ± 1.1 METs), throwing a ball (5.6 ± 1.1 METs), and sowing seeds (5.4 ± 0.7 METs) were moderate-intensity physical activities. Running and skipping rope were significantly more intense than the other activities (P < 0.0001). The gardening tasks such as planting transplants and sowing seeds in a garden plot showed similar exercise intensities and energy costs as walking and throwing a ball. This study indicates that gardening can be used as a physical activity intervention to provide health benefits similar to more common physical activities such as walking and running.
Horticultural Activity Interventions and Outcomes
Sin-Ae Park,A-Young Lee,Geung-Joo Lee,Dae-Sik Kim,Wan Soon Kim,Candice A. Shoemaker,Ki-Cheol Son 한국원예학회 2016 원예과학기술지 Vol.34 No.4
The objective of the present study was to review the current research about the outcomes of horticultural activity interventions in order to determine research trends and analyze the characteristics of horticultural activity interventions. We reviewed the literature using search engines such as the Web of Science, Proquest Dissertation and Theses, Academic Search Premier, Research Information sharing Service, and Korean National Assembly Digital Library to locate journal articles that include relevant search terms (e.g., gardening activity, gardening program, allotment garden, urban agriculture, horticultural therapy, and horticultural activity). We initially identified 14,414 journal articles that were published before April 2014 and selected 509 of the papers for review. We found that studies investigating treating children and adults 8 to 64 years old were the most common, and horticultural activities such as gardening outdoors, planting indoors, making crafts with live plants, arranging flowers, making crafts with artificial or pressed flowers, and other activities were usually combined. Short/medium term (11 to 20 sessions) horticultural activity programs were the most frequent, and most interventions were of medium duration (> 60 min to 120 min). Most of the studies focused on the psychological or emotional effects of horticultural intervention, such as its effects on emotional intelligence, selfesteem, stress, and depression. Further studies are needed to analyze the research methodology, specific outcomes, and strengths or weaknesses of studies investigating horticultural activity interventions.
Sin-Ae Park,A-Young Lee,Ho-Sang Lee,Kwan-Suk Lee,Ki-Cheol Son 한국원예학회 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.1
This study aimed to identify the exercise intensity associated with four common physical activities for adults (running, skipping rope, walking, and muscle strength exercises) and two horticultural activities (creating a vegetable bed and garden maintenance). For this experiment, 19 males (mean age: 25.8 ± 2.3 years) randomly participated in the activities at a glasshouse at Konkuk University. Each of the six activities lasted for 5 minutes; the subjects rested for 5 minutes during intervals between the activities. A portable metabolic analyzer was used to store the oxygen and energy consumption values obtained upon measurement of each activity. In addition, a wireless heart rate monitor was used to measure the subjects’ heart rate. According to the results, the four types of physical activities and two horticultural activities carried out by the subjects are moderate- to high-intensity activities [i.e., 3.8 ± 0.9 to 9.9 ± 2.1 metabolic equivalents (METs)]. Running (9.9 ± 2.1 METs) and skipping rope (8.8 ± 2.2 METs) were categorized as high-intensity physical activities, whereas creating a vegetable bed (5.0 ± 1.2 METs), walking (4.9 ± 0.8 METs), muscle strength exercises (4.5 ± 1.3 METs), and garden maintenance (3.8 ± 0.9 METs) were classified as moderate-intensity physical activities. The exercise intensities of horticultural activities in this study were similar to those of walking and muscle strength exercises. Therefore, participating in these horticultural activities is expected to garner health benefits similar to those reaped from the physical activities described in the current study.
Sin-Ae Park,Youn-Jung Kwon,Myung-Min Oh,Ki-Cheol Son 한국원예학회 2011 원예과학기술지 Vol.29 No.1
This study was conducted to determine the effects of silver thiosulfate (STS) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on flower opening and lifespan of potted Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ‘Oriba’ for exportation. Ethylene inhibitors, STS and 1-MCP were applied to the kalanchoe plants prior to their export to Japan. STS 0.5 mM with 1% Tween 20 surfactant was directly sprayed (20 ㎖ per plant) to leaves, buds, and flowers and 1-MCP 100 nL?ℓ?¹ was injected into sealed glass chambers containing kalanchoe plants, which were placed on the chambers for 6 hours. After transport to Japan, the plants were immediately transferred to a simulated retail condition room (80 μ㏖ · ?² · s?¹ for 12 hours of photoperiod at 22℃ and 64% RH) at Toyko University. The numbers of buds, open florets, and wilted florets in the middle inflorescence for each plant were counted right after export, 1 week after export, and 6 weeks after export. The percentages of open florets and wilted florets were calculated from the numbers. STS treatment resulted in 35% more open florets than the control and only 11% of wilted florets at 6 weeks after export to Japan which indicate the extension of lifespan of potted kalanchoe plants. Meanwhile, the plants exposed to 1-MCP before export did not show any significant differences in the numbers of buds and open florets and the percentages of open and wilted florets compared to control plants. In conclusion, STS 0.5 mM treatment strikingly induced better opening florets and lifespan of kalanchoe plants from 1 week to 6 weeks after export than control.