Effects of dietary marigold extract supplementation on growth performance, pigmentation, antioxidant capacity and meat quality in broiler chickens

Wang, Shuhao,Zhang, Lin,Li, Jiaolong,Cong, Jiahui,Gao, Feng,Zhou, Guanghong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.1

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with marigold extract on growth performance, pigmentation, antioxidant capacity and meat quality in broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 320 one-day-old Arbor Acres chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates of 8 chickens each. The chickens of control group were fed with basal diet and other experimental groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.075%, 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.60% marigold extract respectively (the corresponding concentrations of lutein were 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg). Results: The results showed that marigold extract supplementation increased the yellowness values of shank, beak, skin and muscle and the redness ($a^*$) value of thigh muscle (linear, p<0.01). Marigold extract supplementation significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity, and the activities of superoxide dismutase in liver and thigh muscle (linear, p<0.01) and significantly decreased the malondialdehyde contents of liver and thigh muscle (linear, p<0.01). Marigold extract supplementation significantly decreased the drip loss and shear force of thigh muscles (linear, p<0.01). There was no significant effect on growth performance with marigold extract supplementation. Conclusion: In conclusion, dietary supplementation of marigold extract significantly increased the yellowness values of carcass, antioxidant capacity and meat quality in broiler chickens.

Improved Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 1500 MPa Martensitic Steel Joints with Additional Water Cooling

Shuhao Zhu,Pengcheng Zhu,Binbin Wang,Liang Zhang,Yufeng Sun,Shaokang Guan 대한금속·재료학회 2024 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.30 No.1

This study proposes a method to improve the mechanical strength of martensitic welded joints by minimizing the effect ofmartensitic tempering. The high-strength martensitic steel plate exhibiting a tensile strength of 1500 MPa was successfullyjoined in this study utilizing additional water-cooling by friction stir welding (FSW) technique. Concurrently, conventionalair-cooled welded joints were produced utilizing identical welding parameters for comparison. Notwithstanding the macrostructureof both FSW joints was similar, the air-cooled joint contained a larger stir zone (SZ) and wider heat-affectedzone (HAZ). The air-cooled joint SZ exhibited a microstructure featuring coarse martensite, while the water-cooled jointSZ displayed a microstructure consisting of fine martensite. The degree of self-tempering of the martensite in the HAZ wassignificantly reduced, together with fewer and finer carbide particles than in the HAZ of air-cooled joints, by applying watercooling. The tensile test results indicated that the water-cooled FSW joint showed a significant improvement (23.6%) inultimate tensile strength compared to its air-cooled counterparts.

Seismic performance of beam-to- SST column connection with external diaphragm

Bin Rong,Shuhao Yin,Ruoyu Zhang,Lei Wang,Ziheng Yang,Hongtao Li,Wenyu Wan 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.37 No.6

This paper aims to study the seismic performance of external diaphragm connection between SST (square steel tube) column and H-shaped beam through experimental and analytical study involving finite element (FE) method and theoretical analysis. In the experimental study, three external diaphragm connection specimens with weak panel zone were tested under axial pressure on the top of the column and antisymmetric cyclic loads at the beam end to investigate the seismic performance of the panel zone. The hysteretic behavior, failure mode, stiffness and ductility of the specimens were discussed. Key point to be explored was the influence of the thickness of the steel tube flange on the shear capacity of the specimens. In the analytical study, three simplified FE models were developed to simulate the seismic behavior of the specimens for further analysis on the influence of steel tube flange. Finally, four existing calculation formulas for the shear capacity of the external diaphragm connection were evaluated through comparisons with the results of experiments and FE analysis, and application suggestions were put forward.

Investigation on milling force of thin-walled workpiece considering dynamic characteristics of workpiece

Yichao Dun,Lida Zhu,Shuhao Wang 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.9

The idea of integral calculus is used in traditional milling force prediction methods. In the traditional method, the milling cutter is divided into many micro-elements, the force of each micro-element is calculated, and then the integral summation process is applied to all the micro-elements. In traditional milling force prediction methods, both the workpiece and the tool are assumed to be rigid bodies. In this paper, the method is improved; the Fourier series expansion is used to approximate the periodic milling force and the workpiece is considered as a single degree of freedom spring-damping-vibration system. Through the forced vibration model of periodic force, the vibration displacement of the workpiece is obtained. Then, the radial cutting depth is corrected by the vibration displacement of the workpiece. Finally, the original milling force is corrected with the corrected radial cutting depth. The milling force prediction model based on thin-walled workpiece is obtained through the above process. The model is named as variable-radial-cutting-depth-algorithm (VRCDA). Finally, the accuracy of this model was verified through modal test and milling force acquisition experiments.

Benzotriazole-Containing Planar Conjugated Polymers with Noncovalent Conformational Locks for Thermally Stable and Efficient Polymer Field-Effect Transistors

Yum, Seungjib,An, Tae Kyu,Wang, Xiaowei,Lee, Wonho,Uddin, Mohammad Afsar,Kim, Yu Jin,Nguyen, Thanh Luan,Xu, Shuhao,Hwang, Sungu,Park, Chan Eon,Woo, Han Young American Chemical Society 2014 Chemistry of materials Vol.26 No.6

<P>We report a series of benzotriazole-based semicrystalline π-conjugated polymers with noncovalent conformational locks for applications in polymer field-effect transistors. The benzotriazole moiety is a versatile electron-deficient building block that offers two chemically functionalizable sites, 2(N) and 5, 6(C) positions, allowing easy modulation of the solution processability and electronic structures of the resulting polymers. Fluorine or alkoxy substituents were introduced to the benzotriazole unit to enhance the molecular ordering through intra- and intermolecular F···S, F···H–C, C–F···π<SUB>F</SUB>, or S···O attractive interactions. The fluorinated polymer (<B>PTBTz-F</B>) showed remarkably enhanced hole mobility (μ<SUB>h</SUB> = 1.9 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V·s), on/off ratio = 8 × 10<SUP>7</SUP>) upon thermal annealing at 305 °C, compared to the unsubstituted one (<B>PTBTz</B>) (μ<SUB>h</SUB> = 7.0 × 10<SUP>–3</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V·s), on/off ratio = 3 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>). Alkoxy unit substitution (<B>PTBTz-OR</B>) also improved the carrier mobility up to 0.019 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V·s) with an on/off ratio of 4 × 10<SUP>5</SUP>. Fluorine or alkoxy substitution induced tight interchain ordering with edge-on orientation, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements. In particular, fluorinated <B>PTBTz-F</B> showed high thermal stability (<I>T</I><SUB>d</SUB> 453 °C) and the remarkable device characteristics with deep frontier orbital levels.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2014/cmatex.2014.26.issue-6/cm4042346/production/images/medium/cm-2013-042346_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm4042346'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Exposed Aggregate Detection of Stilling Basin Slabs Using Attention U-Net Network

Yonglong Li,Xiaoxia Li,Haoran Wang,Shuang Wang,Shuhao Gu,Hua Zhang 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.24 No.6

Exposed aggregate is a typical feature of the abrasion erosion in stilling basin slabs concrete surface. Although a variety of underwater robots are designed for inspection, the exposed aggregate detection for identifying abrasion is often done by manual work. The scarcity of image samples, large differences in aggregate size, color and shape are the main difficulties in automatic detection. To address this problem, an improved Attention U-Net deep fully convolutional network-based detection method was proposed. To realize this method, underwater images in site were captured via a self-developed operated underwater robot. Through randomly separating and the cropping of the 128 underwater images, the 512×512 pixels images dataset was built according to the ratio of 8:1:1, including 408 training images, 52 validation images and 52 test images. After the data augmentation, loss function and the optimizer were carefully designed and selected, the proposed Attention U-Net architecture was evaluated on this dataset. For comparative research, the full convolution network (FCN) and U-Net network were trained with the same training and validation dataset. The performance comparison on the test dataset showed that the Attention U-Net architecture has better detection accuracy.

Thienothiophene-benzotriazole-based semicrystalline linear copolymers for organic field effect transistors

Yum, Seungjib,An, Tae Kyu,Wang, Xiaowei,Uddin, Mohammad Afsar,Nguyen, Thanh Luan,Xu, Shuhao,Ryu, Hwasook,Kim, Yu Jin,Hwang, Sungu,Park, Chan Eon,Woo, Han Young De Gruyter 2014 Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol.86 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A series of thienothiophene-benzotriazole-based semicrystalline copolymers,<B>PTTBTz</B>,<B>PTTBTz-F</B>, and<B>PTTBTz-OR</B>, were synthesized by considering chain linearity, planarity and inter-chain packing by virtue of non-covalent attractive interaction. Fluorine and alkoxy substituents were introduced to modulate the intra- and inter-chain coulombic interactions and crystalline ordering. The fluorine and alkoxy-substituted<B>PTTBTz-F</B>and<B>PTTBTz-OR</B>showed pronounced inter-chain packing with edge-on orientation confirmed by UV-vis absorption and X-ray diffraction measurements. The well-resolved diffraction patterns were obtained for<B>PTTBTz-F</B>and<B>PTTBTz-OR</B>, showing (100)∼(500) inter-lamellar scattering peaks (d-spacing, 17∼18 Å) in the out-of-plane direction and a π-π stacking peak (d-spacing, 3.5∼4.1 Å) in the in-plane direction. Organic field effect transistor (OFET) devices were fabricated with a bottom gate and top contact geometry.<B>PTTBTz-F</B>(<I>μ</I><SUB>h</SUB>= 4.49 × 10<SUP>-2</SUP>cm<SUP>2</SUP>V<SUP>-1</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP>, on/off ratio = 1.13 × 10<SUP>7</SUP>) and<B>PTTBTz-OR</B>(<I>μ</I><SUB>h</SUB>= 8.39 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP>cm<SUP>2</SUP>V<SUP>-1</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP>, on/off ratio = 2.98 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>) showed nearly 3 and 2 orders of magnitude higher hole mobility upon annealing at 305 and 260 °C, with compared to the unsubstituted<B>PTTBTz</B>.</P>