Effects of Inorganic Aerosols on the Gas-Phase Reactions of the Hydroxyl Radical with Selected Aliphatic Alkanes

Oh, Sewon,Andino, Jean M. 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.E3

Effects of inorganic. aerosols on the kinetics of the hydroxyl radical reactions with selected aliphatic alkanes have been investigated using the relative rate technique. The relative rates in the absence and presence of aerosols were determined for n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-octane, and n-decane. P-xylene was used as a reference compound. Inorganic aerosols including (NH₄)S0₄. NH₄NO₃, and NaCI aerosols at two different aerosol concentrations that are typical of polluted urban conditions were tested. Total surface areas of aerosols were 1400 (Condition I) and 3400㎛²cm (Condition II). Significant changes in the relative rates in the presence of the inorganic aerosols were not observed for the n-butane/· OH, n-pentane/·OH, n-hexane/·OH. n-octane/·OH, and n-decane/·OH reactions versus p-xylene/·OH reaction. These results suggest that the promoting effects depend on the semiconducting property of the aerosols and the nature of the organic compounds.

[PF-0033] Comparison of Gene Expression Related to Chlorophyll Metabolism Pathway in Green- and Yellow-fleshed Kiwifruits

Sewon Oh(Sewon Oh ),Yumi Kim(Yumi Kim ),Haemi Cho(Haemi Cho ),Mockhee Lee(Mockhee Lee ),Daeil Kim(Daeil Kim ) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

Changes in proline content and related gene expression under artificial deaclimation and reacclimation during ecodormant state in Prunus persica

Sewon Oh,Hyunsuk Shin,Keumsun Kim,Youngjae Oh,Jungyeon Won,Hyeondae Han,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Proline has been shown to accumulate in plant under various type of stresses. In our previous study, changes in cold hardiness and proline content showed contrasting patterns during a constant deacclimation. This study was performed to investigate the proline accumulation and related gene expression in response to repeated deacclimation and reacclimation in peach cultivar ‘Daewol’. Proline content was analyzed using the ninhydrin method and related gene expressions were examined using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Proline contents of ‘Daewol’ increased during the repeated deacclimation treatments. Interestingly, during the twice deacclimation, expressions of P5CS (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylatesynthase) constantly decreased, whereas expressions of P5CR (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylatereductase) increased. Expressions of OAT (ornithine-δ-aminotransferase) indicated up- and down- pattern in response to repeated deacclimation and reacclimation. Our results indicated that proline responds positively to higher temperature in the shoots of peach cultivar ‘Daewol’ and expressions of both P5CS and P5CR genes could show contrasting patterns during the deacclimation. Moreover, our results suggest that ornithine pathway could serve as an alternative pathway in proline synthesis process during deacclimation in peach.

Relationship between cold hardiness and bud opening among peach cultivars during deacclimation at constant warm temperatures

Sewon Oh,Hyunsuk Shin,Jungyeon Won,Youngjae Oh,Seolah Kim,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Recent climate changes due to global warming are gradually introducing adverse circumstances for winter survival of temperate fruit trees. Particularly, late winter or early spring thaws followed by hard freezes can cause severe injury to deacclimated flower buds. Thus, the selection of later or slower deacclimating cultivars is needed to avoid frost injury in late winter or early spring. This study was performed to investigate relationship between cold hardiness and bud development under an experimental deacclimation condition for 10 Prunus persica cultivars (Aikawanakajima, Daewol, Izumi Hakuto, Janghowon Hwangdo, Kiraranokiwami, Mihong, Misshong, Soomee, Suhong, and Sun Gold). The rate of deacclimation was not correlated with hardiness before the deacclimation treatment. On the other hand, a strong positive correlation was found between cold hardiness and stage of bud opening.

Proline accumulation and related gene expression in response to higher temperatures during deacclimation in peach shoot tissues

Hyunsuk Shin,Sewon Oh,Keumsun Kim,Youngjae Oh,Jungyeon Won,Hyeondae Han,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Proline (Pro) accumulation is a common physiological reaction in response to abiotic stresses in many plants. Accumulation of Pro is believed to play the important role in protecting cellular components from dehydrating effects due to such stresses. The study was performed to investigate the relationship between cold hardiness and Pro content or expression of related genes in peach cultivars during a constant experimental deacclimation. Changes in cold hardiness were determined using electrolyte leakage method in the shoots of 10 peach cultivars (Prunus persica ‘Aikawanakajima’, ‘Chiyomaru’, ‘Daewol’, ‘Janghowon Hwangdo’, ‘Kiraranokiwami’, ‘Mihong’, ‘Misshong’, ‘Soomee’, ‘Suhong’, and ‘Sun Gold’). Pro content was analyzed using the ninhydrin method and related gene expressions were examined using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. While cold hardiness of 10 peach cultivars decreased, Pro contents of those increased during the deacclimation. Notably, at the same time, expression of P5CS (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylatesynthase) decreased in 10 peach cultivars, whereas expressions of P5CR (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylatereductase) and OAT (ornithine-δ-aminotransferase) increased. Our results demonstrate that Pro responds positively to higher temperature in the shoots of 10 peach cultivars and expression of both P5CS and P5CR genes could show contrasting patterns during the deacclimation. Furthermore, our results suggest that ornithine pathway, which has been suggested to be important during seedling development, could serve as an alternative pathway in Pro synthesis process during the deacclimation in peach.

Cold Hardiness, Proline Content, and Expression of P5CS and P5CR Genes among Peach Cultivars in Field Conditions

Hyunsuk Shin,Sewon Oh,Keumsun Kim,Youngjae Oh,Seolah Kim,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Changes in cold hardiness were confirmed with relative electrolyte leakage (REL) method in the shoots of two peach cultivars (Prunus persica Janghowon Hwangdo and Odoroki) during cold acclimation and deacclimation. Changes in proline (Pro) content and related gene expressions were also analyzed. Particularly, transcript accumulations of P5CS and P5CR were examined using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. REL in the shoots of two peach cultivars was significantly different during the entire experimental period. Cold hardiness of two cultivars increased gradually to December 2012, and then decreased to April 2013, whereas Pro contents of ‘Janghowon Hwangdo’ and ‘Odoroki’ were reduced from the beginning of the experiment to February 2012 and then increased in the spring. Interestingly, P5CS gene encoding an enzyme, which catalyzes conversion from glutamic acid (Glu) into glutamic-γ-semialdehyde (GSA) in the first step of Pro pathway, showed the contrasting patterns with Pro contents of two cultivars. On the other hand, P5CR gene encoding an enzyme, which catalyzes conversion from Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate(P5C)intoPro in the final step of Pro pathway, showed the similar patterns to Pro contents in two cultivars. Our results demonstrate that Pro responds negatively to low temperatures in the shoot of different peach cultivars, including the supplemental 10 peach cultivars, and expression of both P5CS and P5CR genes could show contrasting patterns from each other. Our results suggest that identification of both P5CS and P5CR genes are required necessarily for accurate analysis of Pro biosynthesis because Pro accumulation is affected more by expression of P5CR gene.

Classification of Asian pears (Pyrus spp.) using the 12 standard set of microsatellite reference alleles

Hyeondae Han,Youngjae Oh,Hyunsuk Shin,Sewon Oh,Jungyeon Won,Seolah Kim,Junhyeong Park,Yoon-kyeong Kim,Gidong Hwang,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

The objective of the study was to identify 52 Asian pear accessions, two primary pear species, and one reference pear Asian pear with 12 microsatellite markers to maintain pear germplasm collection. The number of alleles of 12 microsatellites detected ranged from eight at CH03d12 to 18 at CH01f07. Gene diversity ranged from 0.7053 at CH01d08 to 0.9224 at CH01f07. The lowest value of PIC was 0.6600 at CH01d08 and the highest was 0.9171 at CH01f07. A group consisting of ‘Ooharabeni,’ ‘Bartlett,’ and P. calleryana was out-grouped and served as a reference to determine the relationship among Asian pear accessions. Except for the out-group, 50 Asian pears were segregated into two groups. Group I was divided in two small groups. Each small group was characterized by P. bretschneideri and P. ussuriensis, respectively. Group II was characterized as P. pyrifolia, and the group was divided in four small groups. The eigenvalue, difference, proportion, and cumulative of six principal components based on PCA to 12 microsatellite. The eigenvalue of the first principal components was 5.5850. The proportion of the first principal component was 0.9308. The cumulative value of the first two principal components was 0.9801. Consequently, nearly all of the results were elucidated by the two principal components. The results from analysis of the standard set of microsatellites in this study may be used as basic materials for the management of Asian pear germplasm collections, and the data might be useful in the development of a core collection.

Practical use of standard set of microsatellites based classification of primary pears and Korean native pears (Pyrus spp.)

Keumsun Kim,Hyunsuk Shin,Youngjae Oh,Sewon Oh,Jungyeon Won,Hyeondae Han,Yoon-Kyeong Kim,Seolah Kim,Sung-Il Oh,Mingi Lee,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

In this study, we sought to identify primary pears species and Korean native pears, without the use of morphological characteristics. In addition, this study was to establish pear DNA fingerprinting data for Korean native pears using 12 microsatellite markers, and to accurately classify a database for management of the Korean pear collection. Forty two pear accessions (7 primary pears, 5 Asian pears, 29 Korean pears, and 2 reference pears) were analyzed with twelve primers covering whole pear genome. In the present study, all pear accessions were successfully classified along with their pedigrees, and the distribution of primary pears was parallel to those of the previous taxonomic results. Korean pears were divided into 3 groups. Group I was characterized by Pyrus calleryana, and included Korean pea pears. Group II was characterized by P. pyrifolia, and was classified into 2 small groups. The first small group comprised of ‘Najucheongbae’, ‘Sunchanggulimdolbae’, ‘Andongmookbae’, ‘Andongdangsilri’, and ‘Najucheongbae’ and was presumed to be cultivars of P. pyrifolia. The second small group consisted of ‘Cheongdangrori’ and ‘Pyeongchangsuhyangri’. These two accessions were assumed to be a hybrid of P. pyrifolia and the other cultivar. Group III was characterized by P. ussuriensis. ‘Goesanhwangbae’, ‘Andongcheongsilri’, ‘Gongjucheongsilri’, and ‘Yecheoncheongbae’ were assumed to be cultivars of P. ussuriensis. Contrary to ‘Ulreungdocheongbae A’, ‘Ulreungdocheongbae B’ was classified as belonging to the P. ussuriensis group. It is possible that this is a consequence of, P. ussuriensis genes being transferred into ‘Ulreungdocheongbae B’. The result of this research reaffirmed the efficiency of a standard set of microsatellite markers and provides data, which will be useful for developing a core collection of pears.

Genetic diversity of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), including Korean native A. arguta, using single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from genotyping-by-sequencing

Sewon Oh,Mockhee Lee,Keumsun Kim,Hyeondae Han,Kyungho Won,Yong-Bum Kwack,Hyunsuk Shin,Daeil Kim 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.1

Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of kiwifruits ( Actinidiaspp.). Using single nucleotide polymorphisms detected by GBS, phylogenetic tree and population structure wereconstructed for 89 kiwifruit accessions including Korean native A. arguta . The kiwifruit accessions were clearly dividedinto two groups in the phylogenetic tree. These groups were characterized by the presence or absence of hairs on pericarp. Inthe population structure analysis, the peak of delta K was detected at K = 5, suggesting that the 89 kiwifruit accessions weredivided into fi ve clusters. Each cluster represented A. chinensis , A. deliciosa , A. eriantha with wild accessions, female A. arguta , and male A. arguta . The result of the population structure supported the genetic background of each accession. Wealso performed genetic diversity analysis of A. arguta accessions. Consequently, A. arguta accessions were characterized bysex and 13 A. arguta accessions, occupying 33.3% of the total collection, were selected as a core set for use as germplasmto develop disease and cold stress resistant cultivars in future kiwifruit breeding programs. These results suggest that GBSapproach is suitable for genetic diversity analysis of kiwifruits. Moreover, our results could be applied in kiwifruit breedingprogram to develop disease and cold stress resistant cultivars using Korean native A. arguta . Particularly, the developedKorean native A. arguta core set will be used as breeding materials for crop improvement strategies.

Comparison of Seasonal Proline Variation and Related Gene Expression in Three Rosaceae Fruit Trees

Sewon Oh,Hyunsuk Shin,Keumsun Kim,Hyeondae Han,Kidong Hwang,Min-Gi Lee,Suji Ahn,Daeil Kim 한국원예학회 2016 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2016 No.10