Emily Dickinson's Homosexual Orientation

Seung-Jin Baek 영미어문학회 2004 영미어문학연구 Vol.20 No.1

Seung-Jin Baek. 2004. Emily Dickinson's Homosexual Orientation. The British & American Language and Literature. 20-1. 115-128. In the Western feminist movement, the division between lesbian and heterosexual women played an important role in the development of the movement. The aim of lesbianism was to articulate connections between lesbianism and feminism and to create new and positive images. Lesbian feminists tried to challenge and supplant the oppressive stereotype which dominated public opinion. While the heterosexual feminist movement is formed in the established male-centered boundaries, lesbian feminists are primarily committed to women. That is, while heterosexual feminists try to achieve authenticity through the male-female relationship, lesbian feminists try to achieve authenticity through identifying themselves with women. Emily Dickinson participated in such relationships with women and practiced the concept of lesbian continuum throughout her life. In the poems dealing with the relationship with male sexuality, Dickinson is always hierarchically inferior to male sexuality which relegates women to sexual and family functions. The male power scorches and scathes her existence. So, Dickinson finds a way to identify and utilize specifically female power in her work and then tries to create a new consciousness which can be shared among women.

어린이 그림책의 교육인간학적 의의

백승화 ( Seung Hwa Baek ),강기수 ( Gi Su Kang ) 한국어린이문학교육학회 2012 어린이문학교육연구 Vol.13 No.3

그림책은 언어와 그림이라는 두 가지 서로 다른 매체가 결합하여 의미를 전달하는 독특한 의사소통의 수단이자 글과 그림이 어우러진 새로운 예술형식이다. 또한 그림책은 어린이가 접하는 최초의 책으로 오늘날 많은 어린이에게 보편화된 교육매체이다. 따라서 본 논문은 어린이와 그림책을 교육 인간학적 관점에서 체계적으로 이해하고, 그림책을 통해 어린이 존재의 사고 특징을 고찰하고자 하였으며, 이에 근거하여 어린이 그림책의 교육인간학적 의의를 탐색하고자 하였다. 그림책에 반영된 어린이 사고의 특징을 살펴보면, 어린이는 물활론적 사고, 환상적 사고, 모험적 사고를 하는 존재로서, 어린이의 다양한 사고는 유기적 결합에 의해 상호연관을 가지며 발달해감을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 어린이 그림책의 교육인간학적 의의를 제시하면, 우선 어린이 그림책은 어린이에 대한 깊은 이해가 가능하게 하였으며, 어린이에게 풍부한 경험을 제공한다. 또한 어린이 그림책은 어린이의 관계형성에 기여하며, 어린이의 주체적인 자아형성의 토대를 마련해 준다. Picture books are a unique communicative tool and a new kind of art in which letters and pictures are combined. Picture books are also a popularized educational medium in teaching children how to read. Therefore, the picture book is, for children, a literary, artistic, and educational resource. This study explores the strategies of how picture books can be used for children`s education by understanding the essential characters of picture books and the relationship between children and picture books. The study finds that children engage in animistic, fantastic and adventurous thinking. Through analyzing the characteristics of children`s thinking reflected in children`s books, the study finds these three characteristics are interwoven and children`s thinking develops in this interwoven relationship. The educational-anthropological significance of children`s picture books is as follows: Firstly, picture books enable educators to understand children and to show a concrete direction of children`s education. Secondly, picture books provide an aesthetic experience to make children aware of beauty. They also serve as a foundation for children`s relationships and shape each child`s independent self. The author suggests this is the educational task of the picture books. In order to promote the authentic education of children through picture books, it is crucial to recognize the educational importance of the picture book. It is also necessary to foster an environment that is conducive for children to read picture books and to encourage self-motivated reading. It is necessary to study various aspects of children`s picture books in order to produce good quality picture books.

신라대학교 주변 백양산의 동물상

노치권(외 6명) 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 自然科學論文集 Vol.22 No.-

To study fauna of Silla University located in Mt. Baek-yang, we conducted six surveys from 29 May 2011 to 28 April 2012. We found five phyla 41 orders 197 species of animals inhabiting in this area: four phyla 27 orders 163 species of invertebrates and in vertebrates one order six species of fishes, three orders nine species of amphibians and reptiles, six orders 14 species of aves, and four orders five species of mammals. Of these species, some Korean endemic species were included: a fish of Rhodeus uyekii in a pond near main gate of this university, a frog of Rana coreana in a creek near a dormitory, and a rabbit of Lepus coreanus and a water deer of Hydropotes inermis in a grass region near a main stadium. A kind of hawk, Falco tinnunculus as a natural monument (animal) of no. 323-8, was observed on a building of medical and life science. A blue frog of Hyla japonica as a variation was found near a spring resort. Therefore, this area is considered an ecologically important area having a high animal diversity.

Inconel 718 상향 엔드밀링시 절삭력에 미치는 공구형상오차의 영향

이영문,양승한,장승일,백승기,김선일,이동식 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.5

In an end milling process, the undeformed chip section and cutting forces vary periodically with the phase change of the tool. However, the real undeformed chip section area deviates from the geometrically ideal one owing to the cutter runout and tool shape error. In the current study, a method of estimating the real undeformed chip section area which reflects the cutter runout and tool shape error is presented during up-end milling processes of Inconel 718. The specific cutting forces, K_r and K_t are defined as the radial and tangential cutting forces divided by the modified chip section area, respectively. Both of the K_r and K_t values become smaller as the helix angle increases from 30˚ to 40˚. Whereas they become larger as the helix angle increases from 40˚ to 50˚. The K_r and K_t values show a tendency to decrease with increase of the modified chip section area.

흙의 함수비 측정시간 단축에 관한 연구

백승철 安東大學 1990 安東大學 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

An Experimental research was performed to study the estimation of the microwave drying technique for rapid moisture content determination. Soils used in the tests were sand and clay. Conventional and microwave oven moisture content test results were compared and differences between two measurements were analyzed throughout the linear regression analyses. Empirical equations for microwave exposure times needed to produce moisture contents comparable to those obtained by the conventional oven were established by the polynomial regression analyses. Based on these equations, microwave oven testing method for determination of the water contents of granular soils and cohesive soils was presented, together with a determinated method.

소비자들의 스포츠 브랜드 광고 메시지 지각과 선호도 및 만족도

백승엽,조병훈 창원대학교 체육과학연구소 1998 경남 체육연구 Vol.3 No.2

본 연구는 소비자들의 스포츠 브랜드 광고 메시지 지각과 브랜드 선호도 및 만족도를 알아보려는 것이었다. 이를 위하여 10대 107명, 20대 101명, 30대 이상 26명의 소비자 계층 총 234명을 대상으로 스포츠 브랜드 품목별 선호도와 만족도에 관한 질문지를 배부·회수하여, 소비자들의 스포츠 브랜드 광고메시지 지각과 선호도와 만족도를 인구통계적 특성(성,연령)별로 빈도분석(frequency analysis)을 사용하여 자료를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 스포츠 브랜드 광고 메시지는 TV를 통하여 정보를 얻는 소비자들이 149명(63.68%)으로 가장 많았고, 광고 메시지가 제품선택에 영향을 미친다는 응답자가 173명(73.94%)으로 광고 메시지 지각상태가 높게 나타났다. 2. 스포츠 브랜드 제품선택기준은 전체응답자 중에서 디자인이 124명(52.99%)으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 다음으로 실용성이 59명(25.21%)으로 나타났다. 따라서 기업들은 소비자들이 지각하고 있는 디자인과 실용성에 초점을 둔 제품개발이 요구된다. 3. 스포츠 브랜드 품목별 선호도에 있어서는 전체응답자 중에서 스포츠화는 나이키가 81명(34.62%), 스포츠 의류는 필라가 82명(35.04%), 스포츠 가방은 필라가 77명(32.91%)으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 레져용품 선호도는 코오롱이 71명(30.34%), 수영제품은 아레나가 68명(29.06%)으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 기업들은 소비자들이 가장 선호하는 스포츠 브랜드의 종목별 전문품 개발에 중점을 둔 전략이 필요하리라 여겨진다. 4. 스포츠 브랜드 만족도에 있어서는 전체 응답자 중에서 가격은 프로스펙스가 86명(36.75%), 유행은 필라가 106명(45.30%), 내구성은 나이키가 66명(28.21%), 디자인은 필라가 80명(34.19%)으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 5. 스포츠 브랜드의 전체적인 만족도에 있어서는 전체응답자 중에서 필라가 55명 (23.50%)으로 가장 높았고, 다음은 나이키로 54명(23.08%), 프로스펙스 45명(19.23%), 아디다스 40명(17.09%)등으로 나타나, 전체적인 만족도는 스포츠 브랜드 간의 큰 차이는 없었다.

地盤改良工法 選定에 관한 小考

백승철 안동대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 基礎科學 硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

It is a complex problem to appropriately select soil improvement methods because the engineering judgement of soil improvement must be considered on the composite conditions of ground, especially in the soft ground. Hence, the optimum methods to improve the weak soils is essentially selected on the basis of the complete site investigation, the knowledge of their characteristics and the effects of the existing environments. Therefore, in the present study, the principles and characteristics of soil improvement methods proposed till now were analysed, and the guideline of the selection of the optimum soil improvement method was presented.

Guinea pig 단일 심실근 세포의 칼슘전류에 대한 아드레날린성 약물의 효과

백승곤,심태섭,방효원 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1991 中央醫大誌 Vol.16 No.4

In order to investigate the effects of sympathomimetic drugs on the calcium currents, whole cell patch clamp technique was used in ventricular cells of the guinea-pig. Single ventricular cells were isolated by Langedorff perfusion method with collagenase. T-type and L-type Ca-currents were recorded in different holding potentials. T-type Ca-current was activated from more negative membrane potentials(around -50 mV) and was inactivated very rapidly, whereas L-type Ca-current was activated from -30 mV and inactivated with two time constants(fast and slow components). Replacement of calcium with barium increased the activation magnitude of L-type Ca-current and delayed inactivation time course, but did not affect T-type Ca-current significantly. Nifedipine blocked and Bay K 8644 increased L-type Ca-current with voltage-dependent manner. T-type Ca-current, however, was relatively insentive to dihydropyridine compuonds. Isoproterenol which is known to have mainly beta-agonist increased L-and T-type Ca-currents and propranolol reversed the effect of isoproterenol. Phenylephrine(alpha-agonist) and phentolamine(alpha-blocker) have no significant effects on the Ca-currents. From the above results it is suggested that L-type and T-type Ca-currents are present in guineapig ventricular myocytes and very sensitive to beta-agonist or-antagonist, but relatively insensitive to drugs acting on alpha-receptors.

RUS법에 의한 Micro-Crack을 가진 Ferrule의 주파수 특성 평가

백경윤,이길성,양순호,김성훈,조영재,민한기,양인영 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2003 機械技術硏究 Vol.6 No.2

광섬유 정렬부품으로 사용되는 페롤은 극히 높은 정밀도를 요하는 제품으로서, 높은 치수 정밀도와 결함이 포함되지 않는 등 높은 신뢰성이 요구되는 제품이다. 이러한 페롤의 형상결함평가에 종래의 광학현미경 평가법과는 달리. 본 논문에서는 공명초음파법(ResonantUltrasound Spectroscopy)을 이용하고자 한다. 공명초음파법이란 결함이 없는 시험편을 기계적으로 진동시켰을 때의 공진 주파수와 시험편 내에 결함을 가지고 있을 때의 공명 주파수 양상을 비교 분석하여 결함유무를 검출해내는 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 양품과 크랙을 가진 시험편을 현장에서 직접 사용되고 있는 광학현미경에 의해 분류를 한 다음, 더욱 정확한 측정을 위해 SEM에 의해 다시 분류하였다. 각각에 대해 공진 주파수를 측정하였고, 이 데이터의 검증을 위해 FEM해석을 수행하였다. 실험으로부터 얻는 양품의 공진 주파수와 FEM해석을 통해 얻었던 양품의 공진 주파수의 오차는 1∼2%정도의 범위를 벗어나지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 크랙에 대한 공진 주파수를 측정하여서, 양품의 공진 주파수와 비교를 행하였고, 이 데이터를 가지고 모드별로 히스토그램을 그려서, 그것으로부터 현장에서 실제로 이용 가능한 모드를 존재함을 확인하였다. The Ferrule which is used as the product optical fiber very precisely, is required high to set the optical axes of an dimensional precision, lack of defect and high expectation. Up to now the optical instrument has been used for the defect and shape inspection of the Ferrule, but in this paper we examined the detectable defect and expectation by using the Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS). The RUS is the measurement' which is to excite specimen and to inspect the difference of natural frequency pattern between acceptable specimen and specimen has some defects. In this paper, we classified specimens into three groups by using She optical instrument; acceptable specimen A-type, 3-type and specimen A-type which has crack. And we reclassified by Scanning Microscope to carry out the more exact measurement. We surveyed the resonant frequency of every specimen, and carried out the simulation from the explicit finite elements code, NasEran t o verify the experiment data. The average error between the resonant frequency of acceptable specimens which is obtained from experiment and that from FEM analysis is in the range of 1-2 percentage. Also, we measured the resonant frequency of specimen which has crack, and compared that of acceptable specimen. We drew histogram by using these data, and confirmed the available mode in the plant.

Hot Wall Epitaxy(HWE)에 의한 CdGa₂Se₄/GaAs epilayer 성장과 광전기적 특성

백승남,홍광준 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2002 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.24 No.1

The stochiometric mix of evaporating materials for the CdGa₂Se₄single crystal thin films was prepared from horizontal furnace. To obtain the single crystal thin films, CdGa₂Se₄mixed crystal was deposited on thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by the Hot Wall Epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and substrate temperature were 630℃ and 420℃, respectively. The crystalline structure of single crystal thin films was investigated by the photoluminescence and double crystal X-ray diffraction (DCXD). The carrier density and mobility of CdGa₂Se₄single crystal thin films measured from Hall effect by van der Pauw method are 8.27×10^(17) ㎤, 345 ㎠/V ·s at 293 K, respectively. From the photocurrent spectrum by illumination of perpendicular light on the c-axis of the CuInSe₂ single crystal thin film. We have found that the values of spin orbit splitting △So and the crystal field splitting △Cr were 106.5 meV and 418.9 meV at 10 K, respectively. From the photoluminescence measurement on CdGa₂Se₄single crystal thin film, we observed free excition (Ex) existing only high quality crystal and neutral bound exicition (D^(0) ,X) having very stron peak intensity. Then, the full-width-at-half-maximum(FWHM) and binding energy of neutral donor bound excition were 8 meV and 13.7 meV, respectivity. By Haynes rule, an activation energy of impurity was 137 meV.