組織·環境關係의 理論에 對한 個體群 生態學 模形의 考察

宋錫勳 慶尙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.2

This paper takes account not only of the internal influence of organizations but also the forces in their environments that set limits to the organizational discretion, for the purpose of developing the population ecology model systematically and supporting the theory construction of organization -environment relationships. Therefore, this paper surveys literature in' reference to the model. The applied orientation of humanist social psychologists of the 1950s, and the glorification of management implied in the equally functionalist open-systems view-point which dominated the late 1960s and the 1970s, give way to some degree under the weight of the population ecology model. In the conventional view there are three main subjects: people, organizations, and environments. In the population ecology model a fourth subject is added: organizational populations. The model rooted on the evolution, especially reform Darwinism. The model provides a comprehensive framework within which the organizational change and persistence can be studied, calling on attention to a level of analysis often overlooked in traditional approaches. The model explains the organizational change by examining the nature and distribution of resources in organizations' environmrather than on internal problems. Studying variations over time in organizational forms requnot only longitudinal research designs but also knowledge of historical trends and changes in political systems, modes of the economic production, law, patterns of international trade, and other topics often neglected in the traditional view-point. Investigators using the population ecology model cannot avoid dealing with the societal context within which organizations are created, survive or fail, and rise to prominence or sink into obscurity. In this paper the model is analyzed and put in order by deviding into three elements: variation, selection, retention.

ebXML에 기반한 항만물류 전자상거래 시스템의 개발

이석희,황성진,성명건,박경환 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2003 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.10 No.2

In 1993, our country has been introduced and used ED1 for business transaction of the Port Logistics. But an ED1 have many problems : expensive cost of development and maintenance, use of specially VAN, and etc. There is an ebXML by a solution of this problems. An ebXML, sponsored by UN/CEFACT and OASIS, is a next generation internet electronic business standard framework. In this paper, we represent to develop an e-business system of the Port Logistics based on an ebXML.

연구직 근로자의 스트레스와 피로에 관한 조사

김석환,윤계수 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

In order to investigate the relationship between stress and fatigue of research workers, we surveyed 246 research workers from September 15 to October 20, 1997. The results were as follows; 1. Females, 20-29 years of ages, singles are associated with significantly higher stress symptoms and fatigue symptoms 2. The research workers who drink nearly r\everyday complained significantly lower stress symptoms and fatigue symptoms. 3. The research workers who excercise regularly complained significantly lower stress symptoms and fatigue symptoms. 4. The research workers who are somewhat satisfied by job and income complained lower stress symptoms and fatigue symptoms. 5. The high risk stress group was 1.5% of the research workers. The latent stress group was 93.9% and healthy group was 1.6%. The research workers belonged to high risk stress group complained significantly higher fatigue symptoms.

신경회로망과 퍼지이론을 이용한 필기 숫자 인식

서석배,강대성 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

A new neural network algorithm and preprocessing filters for handwritten numeral recognition presented in this paper. The perprocessing filter normalizes input numeral pattern and eliminates noise using a human recognition. MLFSOM(Multi-Level Fuzzy Self Organizing Map) proposed in this paper converts SOM(Self Organizing Map) suructure to multi-level for considerate the principal rate and introduces fuzzy algorithm to improve the parameters of SOM. The results of simulstion show that recognition rate in improved and training times are reduced while SOM size reduced.

단일 언어 사회를 향해

서석배 동국대학교 한국문학연구소 2005 한국문학연구 Vol.0 No.29

이 논문은 한국의 지식인들이 독립을 이룬 한국에서 국어와 관련된 문제들에 대해 지녔던 관점들을 분석하였다. 정치적인 입장의 광범위한 차이들에도 불구하고, 한국 지식인들의 스펙트럼은 전반적으로 동질적인 민족 문화를 형성하기 위해서라도, 일본어의 사용을 억압하고 한국어를 엄밀하게 표준화해야 할 필요성에 대해서 동의를 표하였다. 나는 이 논문에서 식민지 기간 동안에 일본어를 배우도록 강요당하다가 결국 독립 이후에는 오직 한국어를 사용하도록 다시 한번 강요를 당해야 했던, 한국인 세대의 정신적 외상으로 이어지는 경험에 대해서 특히 더욱 관심을 기울였다. This paper analyzes Korean intellectuals' views on the issue of national language in liberated Korea. Despite vast political differences, the whole spectrum of Korean intellectuals agreed that it was necessary to standardize Korean rigidly while suppressing the use of Japanese in order to build a homogeneous national culture. I pay special attention to the traumatic experience of the generation of Koreans who were forced to learn Japanese during the colonial period only to be coerced again intoexclusively using Korean after the liberation.

組織論發展의 辯證法的 觀點과 그 理念的 背景의 槪觀 : 傳統的 理論부터 個體群生態學觀點까지

宋錫勳 慶尙大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

In intnetion Hegel's dialectic was rational and an extention of logical method, although the intention defied exact formulation. The divergent interests and values represented by thesis and antithesis are assumed to stand in a relaction of flat contradiction to each other. Each must be developed to its last consquences before the contradictions can be sublimited in the synthesis. Concilation and compromise occur indeed and emerge with the evolution of the idea. So the dialectic is a more inclusive perspective applicable to the concepts of progressive change and development of the organization theory. From this point of view, this article will suggest the evolution of organization theory from traditional views, through modifications of the behavioral and quantitative sciences, to the development of systems concepts and contingency views, and finally to the emergence of population ecology model. The organization theory emerging in a pattern of progressive logical development, is like a spiral that mounts as it turns. In the alte 1960s and 1970s, a central position in organization theory is that organizations must adapt to their environments if they are to survive. There is, however, some debates as to whether organizations do adapt. Some others suggest that organizations do not adapt but are selected out(the population ecology model idea). Others suggest that adaptation is a function of strategic choice and enactment. One explanation for the differences in these perspectives is that they have different assumptions about organizations' environments. Therefore, some other integrative framework would allow for both perspectives to exist simultaneously. In fact, the opposition is never absolute. As stated above, the destruction of one position in a controversial situation is never complete. Both sides are partly right and partly wrong, and when the rights and the wrongs have been properly weighed, a third position emerges which unites the truth contained in both.

韓國의 證券市場의 株價變動에 關한 技術的 分析 : 投資指標의 圖解를 中心으로

宋錫勳 慶尙大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.20 No.2

The difference between investment and speculation is only a matter of degree of risk. But modern world is an exceedingly complex and dynamic one in which many forces affect the value and productivity of investments. Careful investors try to identify these forces and profit from them, if they can, or at least avoid losses from them. The business risks inherent in the enterprise naturally fall with full force on the stock holder who bears them because he may also hope for the extraordinary gains which success may bring him. The market risk i obviously high in stock ownership. In fact the stock market is notorious for wide and almost irrational variation in stock prices. Although careful investors find it convenient to sellect stocks for investment by comparing price-earnings ratio, yields, and asset values per share in the light of available information on quality, growth, and market factors, many investors as usual seem more concerned with the volatile behavior of stock prices than with the normal values the stocks represent. These market factors are put emphasis on by the technical analysts, even if the fundamental analysts lay stress on the internal value of a business. There is quite possibly some truth in each creed. As a matter of fact, vertical-bar, point&figure and line charts on either arithmetic or semilogarithmic scales are widely used by all types of investors and speculators. They can depict the trends of earnings, dividends, stock prices, short interest, or any other factors capable of numerical expression. The analysis reported here is a study on the nature and forecasting of stock price movements in the Korea stock market. The method in this analysis was to compare the graphic techniques of a few investment indexes with the degree of bullishness or bearishness in the Korea stock market, from 1972 until about 1980. In this paper the best-known investment indexes adapted for the technical analysis were Korea composite stock price indexes(day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month), volume of trading stocks, key statistics for listed stocks, and Korea stock market indicators: on-balance volume, advance-decline line, moving average line, ratios of day-to-day indexes to 25 or 75 days average indexes of composite stock prices, and ratio of money loans to stock loans, etc. According to applying these indexes or indicators in the Korea stock market, the results of technical analysis suggested the following conclusions to us. First, in vertical-bar charts distribution patterns have shown clearly within 1-2 months upper sloping up, but they have been ambiguous for long-term up trends in stock prices. Second, moving average long term lines have represented in the capacity of warning indexes at peaks and troughs pretty clearly rather than vertical-bar charts. Third, ratios of day-to-day indexes to 25 or 75 days average indexes of composite stock prices have been correct to predict timing of distribution or accumulation better than any other indexes. From August, 1979 until July, 1980, these correct predictions were 11 reversal points through 25 days average, 5 reversal points through 75 days average. Fourth, since advance-decline line has been moving almost similar with stock price fluctuations, it couldn't be drawn respecting the extent and timing of market changes. Fifth, looking into the relationship of volume of trading stocks, stock price movements, and unbalance volume, they have indicated manipulative short-term phenomena in accumulation and distribution. And also because volume of trading stocks has been the increase in the Korea stock market, OBV analysis could be used appropriately in forecasting only a stable and individual short-term stock price movement but a general long-term trend. Sixth, ratio of money loans to stock loans couldn't be made practical application of significant indexes on account of unbalance between money loans and stock loans in the Korea stock market. Seventh, there was the intermediate-term tendency, presumably conforming to business cycle stages in normal times, for the market to move in a general upward or downward direction for 3 years to 4 years at a time. Bull markets appeared in 1972-1973(July), 1974(October)-1976(January) and 1977(July)-1978(August), bear markets appeared in 1973(July)-1974(October), 1976(January)-1977(July) and 1978(August)-1981. Therefore, we have to grasp stock market movements through technical analysis in relation to fundamental analysis. That's we have to carefully determine what to select and when to buy or sell in considering all the following factors-stock market credit conditions, speculative psychology, changes in the tax laws, labor legislation, foreign relations, the distribution of national income, the level of prosperity, etc-which affect the supply and demand for all stocks. Particularly, in technical analysis stock price movements could be forecasted correctly by grasping all the investment indexes and indicators totally, systematically and synthetically.

作業動機賦與에 對한 職務特性 Model

宋錫勳 慶尙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of the present study is to experience firsthand the job characteristics approach to job design, in this case through the Hackman-Oldham Job Diagnostic Survey and get personal feedback on the motivating potential of individual present of past job and identify and compare its critical characteristics. the job characteristic model proposed by Hackman and Oldham focuses on five core job dimensions that are hypothesized to be related to key psychological states and to various personal and work outcomes. The major focus of the model concerns dynamic relationships among objective job characterics, perceptions of chacteristics, and job-related attitudes and behaviors. In this paper the theoretical background of job design is considered before hypotheses, and then the job characteristic model is analyzed emprically by the results of questionaire method. The results were indicated as follows. First, individuals who describe their jobs with high MPS were proved to display high job satisfaction, high job performance, high job involvement, and to report low trunover. Second, high growth need individuals tended to respond to cues provided by their enlarged jobs and organic organizational cues. Third, if the employees had high growth needs, their job satisfaction, job performance, job involvement were higher than low growth need employees, and their turnover rates were inverse. Fourth the relation and responses were almost waving or inter-independent in the environmental or demographic factors and job characteristic model related variables of outcome variables. These hypothpotheses were analyzed through not only convenience samping but also only questionaire method. Therefore the various research methods should be randomly applied to broader subjects for increasing generalizability of the results.

고용량 리튬이온 전지용 음극 활물질로서 실리콘 합금 제조

이헌영,장석원,이성만 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

The phase forming ability and formation enthalpies(ΔH) of Si-M(M=Ti, Cu, Ni, Zr) compound alloys were predicted by Miedema's model. The silicon compound alloys were synthesized by mechanical alloying and then characterized for the phase formation by X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical properties as the anode materials for lithium ion batteries were investigated using a galvanostatic method. It appears that the electrochemical characteristics of Si-M alloys can be predicted from the thermodynamic criteria for the phase formation using the Miedema's model.

한국, 독일, 미국 기업의 직장인 음주대책 비교연구(Ⅰ) : An International Comparative Study among Korean, German and American Companies

김상대,송석훈,이상진,하태영,Lin, Kuan-Pin 한독경상학회 2002 經商論叢 Vol.20 No.2

The firm’s job-based alcohol policy implied that problem drinking and alcoholism were the treatable health problems, but its chief focus was on correcting the impaired work performance that accompanies problem drinking among employees. The central purpose of this study was to compare the firm’s preventive measures and treatment policy for intoxicated workers among Korean, German and American companies. The results indicated that German and U.S. companie’s formal alcoholism policy and rehabilitation program produced the rate of success for prevention and rehabilitation of problem drinking employees. Supervisors reported that about 80% of intoxicated workers improved in general conduct, and 74% of work performance following program intervention in Germany and U.S.A.A tangible result of the company program on alcoholism was the reduction in absenteeism. With treatment, the absence severity rate was less than four days per year in the rehabilitated cases. We also found that the use of formal discipline was associated with undesirable outcomes in these two countries. Overall, the Step by Step Programs that were conducted by the supervisor with the assistance of company’s medical personnel, alcohol program coordinator and counselor were the most effective measures for problem-drinking employees. These facts would indicated that the company’s alcohol policy was a positive step toward the prevention of disability from chronic problem drinking, but we found that there were no any company’s alcohol policies in Korean firms.