子宮內膜搔爬術 21例의 鍼麻醉效果에 대한 臨床的 硏究

金在圭,金相佑,李宜暻,金建植,金相佑,南相永 경희대학교 1997 慶熙醫學 Vol.13 No.1

흉선종 제거후에 발생한 재생 불량성 빈혈 : 증례보고

전원선,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,박노진,이규택,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,원종호 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.2

Thymoma is associated with myasthenia gravis, Pure red cell aplasia, and autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It's association with aplastic anemia is rare and aplastic anemia appearing after surgical removal of thymoma is especially rare. The authors hereby report a case of aplastic anemia occuring in a patient who was diagnosed with thymoma and myasthenia gravis and had the tumor surgically removed. The patient was treated with anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporin, and prednisolone, and showed partial remission with hematologic improvements after 12 months.

Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Yang, Kyu-Ho,Mo, Hyun-Chul,Choi, Nam-Ki,Kim, Seon-Mi,Kim,Won-Jae 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

Neuronal apoptotic events, consequently resulting in neuronal cell death, are occurred in hypoxic/ischemic condition. This cell death has been shown to be accompanied with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can attack cellular components such as nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipid. However, the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced in hypoxic/ischemic condition and its treatment methods are unsettled. Cobalt chloride (CoCl_(2)) has been known to mimic hypoxic condition including the production of ROS. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). a green tea polyphenol, has diverse pharmacologial activities in cell growth and death. This study was aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanism by CoCl_(2) and effects of EGCG on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Administration of CoCl_(2) decreased cell survival in dose- and time-dependent manners and induced genomic DNA fragmentation. Treatment with 100 µM EGCG for 30 min before PC12 cells were exposed to 150 µM CoCl_(2), being resulted in the cell viability and DNA fragmentation being rescued. CoCl_(2) caused morphologic changes such as cell swelling and condensed nuclei, whereas EGCG attenuated morphologic changes by CoCl_(2). EGCG suppressed the apoptotic peak and a loss of Δψ_(m) induced by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) decreased Bcl-2 expression but Bax expression was not changed in CoCl_(2)-treated cells. EGCG attenuated the Bcl-2 underexpression by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) augumented the cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm and increased caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 activity, a marker of the apoptotic executing stage. EGCG ameliorated the incruement in caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity, and cytochrome c release by CoCl_(2). NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine), a scavenger of ROS, attenuated CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in consistent with those of EGCG. These results suggest, that CoCl_(2) induces apoptotic cell death through both mitochondria- and death receptor-dependent pathway and EGCG has neuroprotective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. 신경세포자멸사는 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나며 이러한 세포죽은 reactive oxidant species (ROS) 생성을 동반함이 알려져있다. 그러나, 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나는 세포자멸사의 기전 및 그 치료방법은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. CoCl_(2)는 ROS를 생성하는 등 저산소환경과 유사한 조건을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)는 녹차의 polyphenol 성분으로서 세포성장과 죽음에 다양한 약리학적 효과를 나타냄이 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사기전을 밝히고 이에 미치는 EGCG의 효과를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. Cell viability는 MTT 측정으로 조사되었고, DNA fragmentation은 DNA laddering으로 조사되었다. Bcl-2와 Bax발현 정도는 RT-PCR로, caspase-3와 -9의 활성은 spectrophotometer, caspase-8의 활성은 flow cytometry에 의해 측정되었다. 미토콘드리아에서 세포질로 분비된 cytochrome c는 western blot으로, 분해된 DNA 양과 미토콘드리아 세포막전위 (Δψ_(m))는 FACScan으로 조사되었다. CoCl_(2)투여로 PC12 세포수는 용량 및 시간 의존형태로 감소하였고, genomic DNA fragmentation이 발생하였다. CoCl_(2)투여로 야기된 cell viability의 감소와 DNA fragmentation은 EGCG 전처치에 의해 억제되었다. CoCl_(2)은 세포용적팽창과 condensed nuclei 같은 형태적 변화를 일으켰으며, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)감소 및 cytochrome c 유리를 야기하였다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포형태변화, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)소실 및 cytochrome c 유리를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 Bcl-2 발현을 감소시켰지만, Bax 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의해 야기된 Bcl-2 발현 감소를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 caspase-3, -8, 그리고 -9의 활성을 증가시켰으며, EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사를 억제시켰다. 본 실험결과는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)가 미토콘드리아 의존 및 death receptor의존 기전으로 세포자멸사를 일으키며, EGCG는 세포자멸사기전을 억세지킴으로 신경보호기능을 가짐을 시사하였다.

백서의 절치부 기능상실이 악관절 성장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김선희,김선현,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

As a secondary carilage, the condylar cartilage of the mandible is known to be responsive to extrinsic stimuli of local biomechanical origin. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the mandibular joint to the loss of incisal function in the rat. Seventy five 21-day-old male rats(Sprague-Dawley strain) were divided into three groups and each groups were subdivided into 1,3,7,14, and 21 days groups. In incisor clip group, both the maxillary and the mandibular incisor teeth were trimmed bilaterally to the level of the gingiva every other day. The soft diet group was fed a soft diet consisting of mush or thick soup. The third group of untreated rats fed normal rat pellets constituted the control group. At 90 minutes prior to sacrifice, all rats were injected intravenously with 1 ? Ci/g body weight of [³H]-thymidine (Amersham UK,specfic activity=2 Ci/m mol). The animals were killed at 1,3,5,7,14,21 days and the TMJs were prepared for the histologic,histomorphometric and biochemical analysis. The results were as follows: 1.Both the incisor clip and soft diet groups exhibited reduced size and density of bony trabeculae underlying the condylar cartilage and retarded osteogenesis. 2.The thickness of the prechondrobiasic layer of the condylar cartilage was increased for the experimental period in all groups. 3.The thickness of prechondoblastic layer of superior portion of the condylar cartilage in both experimental group and that of posterior and posterosuperior portion in only incisor clip group were significantly reduced compared to the control group. 4.For all periods, incorporation of ³H-thymidine was signifiactly decreased compared to control group in the incisor clip group, and soft diet group exhibited intermediate in corporation value between the control and incisor clip group. These results suggested that the loss of incisal function by incisor clip and physical consistency of diet may have an effect on growth of the mandibular joint.

綠藻식물 청각 Codium fragile의 성분 연구

김인규,강선영 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

There has been a continuing interest in the sterols and steroids of marine organisms. The most exciting results of recent studies have been the characterization of a host of novel sterols, many with unique alkylation patterns in the side chain, but some with modified ring structures. The Korean Sea marine siphonous green alga Codium fragile was shown to contain 25-methylene sterols. The major sterol of Codium fragile was isolated and identified as (24 S)-24-ethylcholesta-5, 25-dien-3β-ol (clerostrol) by spectroscopic methods. Studies on the C-24 alkylation mechanisms in a Trebouxia sp. (Chlorococcales) have already shown by B. Wilkomirski and L.J. Goad that elaboration of the 24-methyl and 25-ethyl sterols proceed with the production of 25-methylene sterol intermediates. The 25-methylene sterols found in Codium fragile probably arise by a similar alkylation mechanism to that operating in the Trebouxia species.

치태 형성과 휘발성 유황화합물 생성을 억제하는 Lactobacillus salivarius의 분리 및 동정

김미형,양규호,최남기,김선미,오종석 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

우리 인체에는 의학적으로 유용한 기능을 가진 세금들이 정상적으로 존재하며 구강내에도 독특한 기능을 나타내는 세균들이 상재한다. 본 연구에서는 치아우식증이 없는 소아의 타액에서 분리한 유산균 2주가 Streptococcus mutans에 의한 인공치태 형성과 혐기성 세균에 의한 휘발성 유황화합물 생성을 억제하는 것을 화인하고, API 50 CHL medium kit를 이용한 생화학적 검사와 165 rDNA sequencing으로 동정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다 1. 분리균주는 2주 모두 그람양성 간균으로 과산화수소를 생성하였다. 2. 인공치태의 무게는 Streptococcus 단독 배양시 124.4土30.4mg이었으나, 분리균주와 병합 배양시에는 각각 5.2±2.0mg, 10.6±6.6mg으로 현저하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 3. Steptococcus mutans의 생균수는 단독 배양시 ml단 3.4×10^(9)이었으나, 분리균주와 병합 배양시에는 각각 ml당 4.6x1과 2.4×10^(8)으로 감소하였다. 4. Fusobacterium nucleatum을 30분간 진탕한 후 측정한 상청액의 흡광도는 1.286이었으나, Fusobacterium nucleatum과 분리균주를 병합으로 30분간 진탕한 후 측정한 상청액의 흡광 도는 각각 0.628과 0.497로 감소하였으며, 상호결합 정도는 29.4%와 57.8%이었다 5. Fusobacterium nucleatum 단독 배양시 cysteine과 FeSO₄를 첨가한 배지를 가한 후 측정한 침전물의 배지 흡광도는 1.794이었으나, 분리균주와 병합 배양시 측정한 침전물의 배지 흡광도는 각각 1.144와 0.915로 감소하였으며, Porphyromonas gingivalis단독 배양시 침전물의 배지 흡광도는 1.932이었으나 분리균주와 병합 배양시에는 침전물의 배지 흡광도가 각각 1 170과 1.266으로 감소하였다. 6. 분리균주를 API 50 CHL medium kit로 탄수화물 발효검사를 시행한 결과, 분리균주 1주는 Lactobacillus salivarius로, 다른 분리균주는 Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. salicinius로 동정되었다. 7. 분리균주를 165 rDNA partial sequencing으로 동정 한 결과, 2주 모두 Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. sailcinius와 유전자 유사치가 99.60% 99.73%를 보여 Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius로 동정되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 치아우식증이 없는 소아의 타액에서 분리된 유산균 중 과산화수소를 분비하여 인공치태 형성과 휘발성 유황화합물 생성을 억제하는 분리균주는 Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. Salicinius로 동정되었다. There are normal inhabitants doing medically useful functions in the body. There are many kinds of bacteria performing specific functions in the oral cavity. Two strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from inhabitants of caries-free children's oral cavity, which inhibited the formation of artificial plaque by Streptococcus mutans and the production of volatile sulfur compounds by anaerobic bacteria. The isolates were identified by the test using API 50 CHL medium kit and 16S rDNA partial sequencing. 1. Two isolates were Gram-positive bacilli and produced hydrogen peroxide. 2. When Streptococcus mutans was cultured in the media, the mean weight of formed artificial plaque on the orthodontic wires was 124.4±30.4 mg. whereas being reduced to 5.2±2.0mg and 10.6±6.6mg in the media cultured with Streptococcus mutans and each isolate, respectively (pW.05). 3. The number of viable cells of Streptococcus mutans was 3.4 x 10^(9) per ml in the cultured solution, whereas those of Streptococcus mutans in the combined culture with each of isolates were 4.6x 10^(8) and 2.4x 10^(8) per ml. 4. The optical density was 1.286 in the supernatant of Fusobacteriumn nucleatum after vortexing fol 30minutes, whereas in the supernatant of combined Fusobacterium nucleatum and each isolate, they were reduced to 0.628 and 0.497, which the percentages of coaggregation between them were 29.4% and 57.8%, respectively. 5. The optical density of Fusobacterium nucleatum precipitate was 1.794 in the culture media containing cysteine and FeSO4, being reduced to 1.144 and 0.915 in the coaggregated precipitates of Fusobacterium nucleatum and each isolate. The optical density of Porphyromonas gingivalis precipitate was 1,932 in the culture media, being reduced to 1.170 and 1.266 in the coaggregated precipitates of Porphyromonas gingivalis and each isolate, 6. When two isolates were tested with API 50 CHL medium kit, those were identified as Lactobaciallius salivarius and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. 7. The similarity values of 16S rDNA sequence between each of isolates and Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius were 99.60% and 99.73%, respectively, meaning that isolates were Lactobacillus salivarius sub-sp. salicinius. These results indicated that two strains isolated from caries-free children's saliva, which inhibited the formation of artificial plaque and the production of volatile sulfur compounds, were identified as Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius.

다운증후군 환자의 치아우식증과 치아우식 원인균 및 타액내 면역항체의 연관성

김선미,양규호,최남기,강미선,임회순,오종석 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

다운증후군 환자의 치아우식증과 구강내 여러 요인들과의 연관성을 평가하고자 9-18세의 다운증후군 환자 25명과 정상인 63명을 대상으로 치아우식경험지수, 치태지수를 조사하고 효소면역분석법을 이용하여 타액의 면역항체 IgA와 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균-특이 IgA 농도를 측정하고, Dentocult 키트를 이용하여 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균과 유산간균의 수, 타액의 완충능을 측정하여 두 군의 각 값들을 독립 t-test와 카이제곱 검정을 시행하였다. 다운증후군 환자에서 유치우식경험은 정상인에 비해 유의하게 낮았으나(p<0.001), 영구치우식경험은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 치태지수와 타액의 IgA의 농도는 두 군 간에 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균 특이-IgA 농도와 타액 완충능은 다운증후군환자에서 낮았다(p<0.05), 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균 수와 유산간균 수는 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 9-11세 군에서 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균의 수는 다운증후군 환자에서 정상인보다 낮았으며(p<0.001), 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균 특이-IgA는 다운증후군 환자에서 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05), 유치의 치아우식경험치면지수는 완충능, 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균의 수와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. This study investigated the relationship between dental caries and various oral factors in subjects with Down' s syndrome. We compared 25 subjects with Down's syndrome with 63 healthy control. The dental caries index and plaque index were examined, and the total salivary immunoglobulin A and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration were measured using ELISA. The S. mutans counts, Lactobacillus counts and buffer capacity were measured with Dentocult test medium. The decayed and filled surface index of deciduous teeth in subjects with Down' s syndrome was lower than in controls(p<0.001). The plaque index and total salivary immunoglobulin A concentration showed no difference, S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration and buffer capacity in subjects with Down' s syndrome were lower than in controls(p<0.001). There was no significant difference between two groups in the S. mutans counts and Lactobacillus counts. In 9-11 year age group, S. mutans counts in subjects with Down' s syndrome was lower than in controls(p(0.001) and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration was lower(p(0.05). There was a high correlation among deciduous dental caries index and buffering capacity and S. mutans counts.

활동 중심 문학 교수-학습의 문제점과 그 극복방안

김규선,진선희 한국초등국어교육학회 2004 한국초등국어교육 Vol.26 No.-

문학 영역에서 '활동'중심 교수-학습의 의의와 한계를 밝혀 그 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 대안을 살펴보고, 실제 현장의 적용가능성을 탐색해보는 것을 목표로 한다. 활동중심 문학 교수-학습은 여러 가지 의의를 가짐에도 불구하고 구체적인 교수-학습의 상황에서는 자칫 학습독자들에게 진정한 문학 감상이나 체험을 제공하지 못한 채 학습독자들이 활동 자체에 매몰되어 활동은 있었으되 문학 감상은 없는 수업이 되는 경우 등 몇 가지 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하고 보다 효율적인 활동중심 문학 교수-학습의 전개를 위한 방안으로, 계획된 활동이 어떤 문학능력을 기르려고 하는 것인지를 교사와 학생모두 교수-학습의 전 과정에서 분명하게 인식하도록 여러 번 되새기는 기회를 갖는 것과 더불어 활동의 결과와 과정에 대한 반성적 사고를 하도록 하는 것이 필요하다. 또 전개되는 학생 활동을 교사의 계획적이고 의도적인 발문에 의해 관리하고 지도하는 것, 교수-학습의 목표에 맞추어 활동들의 시간을 적절하게 배분하는 교사의 능력, 활동의 방향을 조절하고 통제할 수 있는 간단한 메타적 조작과정을 병행하는 것 등을 활동중심 문학 교수-학습이 가진 문제점을 극복하는 각명(inscription)장치로 제시하였다. This study set out to investigate 'activity-based' teaching-learning methods adopted in literature in terms of its implications and limitations, to search for the alternatives to solve the problems, and to examine the possibility of their application to the field. Despite the many implications, the activity-based literature teaching-learning method does have some limitations such as failing to provide true literary appreciation or experiences to the students under specific teaching-learning situations and letting the students be lost themselves in the activity itself with no literary appreciation. The followings are the plans to overcome those limitations and to make the activity-based literature teaching-learning method more effective: first, they should remind themselves of what literary capacities are targeted in the planned activity over and over again so that both the students and the teachers can have a clear understanding of them throughout the teaching-learning process. They also need to do reflective thinking on the results and process of the activity. The teachers need to use their planned and intentional postscripts to monitor and guide the student activities, to increase their ability to allocate time to each activity properly according to the goals of teaching-learning, and to introduce a simple meta-manipulation process to adjust and control the directions of the activities in order to improve the effects of the activity-based literature teaching-learning method.

古漢語 名詞의 動詞 活用 硏究 : 漢文敎育의 目標 및 指導內容 確立을 爲한, 其一

金圭善 대구교육대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

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