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Moras, Syllables, and Feet in Japanese
( Seiichiro Inaba ) 한국언어정보학회 1998 국제 워크샵 Vol.1998 No.-
Han (1994) argues that moras are isochronous units, but no inference is drawn for isochrony regarding the length of the syllable in Japanese. As the tempo of speech increases, however, the phonetic reality of moras seems to become less obvious (Beckman 1982 and Larish 1989). This paper provides a new insight on the apparent gap between phonology and phonetics, which comes from the distinction between Initial Foot Parsing (IFP) and Surface Foot Parsing (SFP). Moreover, it emphasizes an important consideration of timing units larger than moras.
A computational expression of initial binary feet and surface ternary feet in metrical theory
( Seiichiro Inaba ) 한국언어정보학회 1996 국제 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-
Under the strict binary foot parsing (Kager 1993), stray elements may occur between bimoraic feet. The stray element may be associated to the preceding foot or following foot at surface level. Stray element adjunction is the mechanism for achieving surface exhaustivity. Each language has its own unique mechanism of stray element adjunction in order to achieve surface exhaustivity. In Japanese loanwords, the strict binary initial foot parsing creates stray moras. Inaba`s (1996) phonetic experiment shows that the word-medial stray moras associate to preceding feet, and provides evidence for the initial unaccented mora as extrametrical. Since the theoretical points I advance are deeply embedded in other languages, I present a set of possible parameters. Based on the set of parameters, I create a computer program which derives the surface foot structures of input loanwords in Japanese, Fijian, and Ponapean.
Metachronous Gastric Cancer Following Curative Endoscopic Resection of Early Gastric Cancer
Seiichiro Abe,Ichiro Oda,Takeyoshi Minagawa,Masau Sekiguchi,Satoru Nonaka,Haruhisa Suzuki,Shigetaka Yoshinaga,Amit Bhatt,Yutaka Saito 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.3
This review article summarizes knowledge about metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) occurring after curative endoscopic resection (ER)of early gastric cancer (EGC), treatment outcomes of patients who developed MGC, and efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication toprevent MGC. The incidence of MGC following curative ER increases over time and is higher than in patients undergoing gastrectomy. Increasing age and multifocal EGC are independent risk factors for developing MGC. An MGC following curative ER is usually a small(<20 mm) and differentiated intramucosal cancer. Most MGC lesions are found at an early stage on semiannual or annual surveillanceendoscopy and are successfully treated by further ER, with excellent long-term outcomes. Eradication of H. pylori may reduce the riskof MGC following ER of EGC, but further prospective studies with long-term outcomes are required. Surveillance endoscopy followinggastric ER should be continued indefinitely, due to the risk of MGC even after successful H. pylori eradication. Risk stratification andtailored endoscopic surveillance schedules need to be developed.
Seiichiro Nishida,Hiroyasu Satoh 대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.5
Effects of quercetin, a kind of flavonoids, on the vasodilating actions were investigated. Among the mechanisms for quercetin-induced vasodilatation in rat aorta, the involvement with the Ca2+ activated K+ (KCa) channel was examined. Pretreatment with NE (5μM) or KCl (60 mM) was carried out and then, the modulation by quercetin of the constriction was examined using rat aorta ring strips (3 mm) at 36.5oC. Quercetin (0.1 to 100μM) relaxed the NE-induced vasoconstrictions in a concentration- dependent manner. NO synthesis (NOS) inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA), at 100μM reduced the quercetin (100μM)-induced vasodilatation from 97.8±3.7% (n=10) to 78.0±11.6 % (n=5, p<0.05). Another NOS inhibitor, L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), at 100μM also had the similar effect. In the presence of both 100μM L-NMMA and 10μM indomethacin, the quercetin-induced vasodilatation was further attenuated by 100μM tetraethylammonium (TEA, a KCa channel inhibitor). Also TEA decreased the quercetin-induced vasodilatation in endothelium-denuded rat aorta. Used other KCa channel inhibitors, the quercetin-induced vasodilatation was attenuated by 0.3μM apamin (a SK channel inhibitor), but not by 30 nM charybdotoxin (a BK and IK channel inhibitor). Quercetin caused a concentration-dependent vasodilatation, due to the endothelium- dependent and -independent actions. Also quercetin contributes to the vasodilatation selectively with SK channel on smooth muscle.
Seiichiro Tarutani,Hiroki Kikuyama,Munehiro Ohta,Tetsufumi Kanazawa,Takehiko Okamura,Hiroshi Yoneda 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.4
ObjectiveaaMedication adherence is important in the treatment of schizophrenia, and critical periods during treatment may be associated with relapse. However, the relationship between adherence and duration of outpatient treatment (DOT) remains unclear. The authors aimed to clarify the relationship between adherence and DOT at a psychiatric hospital in Japan. MethodsaaFor outpatients with schizophrenia who regularly visit Shin-Abuyama hospital, the authors conducted a single questionnaire survey (five questions covering gender, age, DOT, medication shortages, and residual medication) over one month period. Participants were divided into two groups whether DOT were from more than one year to within five years or not. Mantel-Haenszel analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed on the data regarding the medication adherence. ResultsaaEffective answers were received for 328 patients. The residual medication rate was significantly higher among those receiving outpatient treatment from more than one year to within five years than five years than those receiving outpatient treatment for more than five years or less than one year (p=0.016). ConclusionaaThis survey suggests that there are critical periods during which patients are most prone to poor adherence. Because poor adherence increases the risk of relapse, specific measures must be taken to improve adherence during these periods.
Efficacy of Current Traction Techniques for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Seiichiro Abe,Shih Yea Sylvia Wu,Mai Ego,Hiroyuki Takamaru,Masau Sekiguchi,Masayoshi Yamada,Satoru Nonaka,Taku Sakamoto,Haruhisa Suzuki,Shigetaka Yoshinaga,Takahisa Matsuda,Ichiro Oda,Yutaka Saito 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.6
This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy of the current approach to tissue traction during the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of superficial esophageal cancer, early gastric cancer, and colorectal neoplasms. We performed a systematic electronic literature search of articles published in PubMed and selected comparative studies to investigate the treatment outcomes of tractionassisted versus conventional ESD. Using the keywords, we retrieved 381 articles, including five eligible articles on the esophagus, 13 on the stomach, and 12 on the colorectum. A total of seven randomized controlled trials and 23 retrospective studies were identified. Clip line traction and submucosal tunneling were effective in reducing the procedural time during esophageal ESD. The efficacy of traction methods in gastric ESD varied in terms of the devices and strategies used depending on the lesion location and degree of submucosal fibrosis. Several prospective and retrospective studies utilized traction devices without the need to reinsert the colonoscope. When pocket creation is included, the traction devices and methods effectively shorten the procedural time during colorectal ESD. Although the efficacy is dependent on the organ and tumor locations, several traction techniques have been demonstrated to be efficacious in facilitating ESD by maintaining satisfactory traction during dissection.