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Shim, Sehwan,Jang, Won-Suk,Lee, Sun-Joo,Jin, Sungho,Kim, Jin,Lee, Seung-Sook,Bang, Ho Yoon,Jeon, Byung Suk,Park, Sunhoo Academic Press 2014 Radiation research Vol.181 No.4
<P>Because of insufficient clinical data regarding acute radiation damage after single high-dose radiation exposure, acute radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome remains difficult to treat. The goal of this study was to establish an appropriate and efficient minipig model to study high-dose radiation-induced GI syndrome after radiation exposure. For endoscopic access to the ileum, ileocutaneous anastomosis was performed 3 weeks before irradiation in six male G?ttingen minipigs. Minipigs were locally irradiated at the abdominal area using a gamma source as follows: 1,000 cGy (n = 3) and 1,500 cGy (n = 3). Endoscopic evaluation for the terminal ileum was periodically performed via the ileocutaneous anastomosis tract. Pieces of tissue were serially taken for histological examination. The irradiated intestine presented characteristic morphological changes over time. The most obvious changes in the ileum were mucosal atrophy and telangiectasia from day 1 to day 17 after abdominal irradiation. Microscopic findings were characterized as architectural disorganization, loss of villi and chronic active inflammation. Increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was closely correlated with severity of tissue damage and inflammation. Particularly, the plasma citrulline level (PCL), a potential marker for radiation-induced intestinal damage, was significantly decreased the day after irradiation and recovered when irradiated mucosa was normalized. Our results also showed that PCL changes were positively correlated with microscopic changes and the endoscopic score in radiation-induced mucosal damage. In conclusion, the ileocutaneous anastomosis model using the minipig mimics human GI syndrome and allows the study of sequential changes in the ileum, the main target tissue of abdominal irradiation. In addition, PCL could be a simple biomarker for radiation-induced intestinal damage.</P>
Analysis of Body Composition Using the LaTheta, Experimental Animal Computer Tomography System
Sehwan Shim,Jungkee Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.3
The aim of this paper is to report experimental animal computer tomography (CT) scanner, LaTheta, for in vivo experiments. The LaTheta CT scanner enables us to analyze several parameters such as body fat and bone measurement without any dissection and with minimum of radiation dose. In the present study we showed that LaTheta-based analysis allows the evaluation of fat volume and bone mineral density (BMD) in gad (UCH-L1 knockout) mice compare with wild-type mice. Male gad mice evidenced a significantly decreased cortical and spongy bone BMD rate in the femora. In summary, the LaTheta CT scanner is a new instrument that offers applicable methodology for quantitative analysis of body fat and various bone properties.
Different Function of Two Ubiquitin C-Terminal Hydrolase Isozymes in Mouse Kidney
Sehwan Shim,Jungkee Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.4
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is associated with homeostasis and several biological processes. The level of ubiquitin-proteasome system is regulated by deubiquitinating enzymes. Deubiquitinating enzymes are subdivided into ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCH) and ubiquitin-specific proteases. Previous studies show that UCH isozymes have critical function during neurogenesis and spermatogenesis, whereas UCH function has been limited in kidney. We demonstrated different levels and expressions of the UCH-L1 and UCH-L3, such as the predominant expression of UCH-L1 in renal papilla whereas UCHL3 expression was high in the renal medulla and cortex. These results suggest that different distributions of two UCH isozymes may indicate the distinct functions in mouse nephrology.
Histopathological Comparison of Atopic-Like Dermatitis by Two Allergens in Nc/Nga Mice
Sehwan Shim,Sun Lim,Sung-Shik Shin,Jungkee Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.2
Atopic dermatitis (AD) consists of two main stages, the acute stage and the chronic stage. TH2 lymphocytes have a major contribution to AD immune response in acute stage, TH1 immune response in chronic stage. We here demonstrated the atopic-like dermatitis by repeated two allergens treatment, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus crude extract (DPE) and picryl chloride (PC), with histopathological investigation. Histopathologically, PC-treated Nc/Nga mice were demonstrated much more infiltration of macrophages and fibroblast, which are effecter cells in TH1 immune response. According to the differences of TH1/TH2 immune response, we suggest that AD model by DPE-treated, which are showed TH2 immune response, is more suitable for the observations of progressive histopathological change in AD skin lesions.
The Functional Possibility of Ubiquitin Proteasome System in Glial Cells for New Treatment Strategy
Sokho Kim,Sehwan Shim,Gee-Wook Shin,Ki-Chang Lee,Min-Su Kim,Nam-Su Kim,Young-Bae Kwon,Jungkee Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.3
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins that adversely affect neuronal connectivity and plasticity, and trigger cell death signaling pathways. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main intracellular proteolytic system, responsible for the selective removal of damaged and unfolded proteins. Recently many evidences demonstrated that the UPS function degeneration can enhance the processing of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we have showed the functional possibility of the UPS in vitro at the cellular leveling glial cells. In the highly purified glial cultures, astrocytes and microglia, most of these cells were positive for GFAP and CD11b, a specific marker for astrocytes and microglia, respectively. Ubiquitin and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is one of the UPS components. Immunocytochemistry analysis showed the expression of ubiquitin and UCH-L1 in the GFAP and CD11b-immunoreactive cultured cells, respectively. On the basis of this evidence, we first suggest that the UPS might play a role in glial cells, astrocytes and microglia. Although little is known about UPS functions in glial cells, our reports have indicated that UPSmediated neurodegenerative diseases can be investigated for glial proteolytic dysfunction.