백모동에 의한 IgE 생성의 증가

강부경,이종섭,신태용,이은희,김형민 원광대학교 생명공학연구소 1996 생명공학연구소보 Vol.4 No.1

We determined for IgE in serum based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in vivo after intraperitoneal injection of Solanum lyratum extract for 14 days. The experiment showed as well whole spleen cells that Solanum lyratum extract enhanced IgE production in vivo. Solanum lyratum extract significantly facilitated the production of IgE by LPS-stimulated murine spleen cells. Solanum lyratum THUNB. also enhanced IgE production from mouse whole spleen cells. Lypopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated IgE production was enhanced 1.4-fold to 2.7-fold by the addition of Solanum lyratum extract over a period of 7 days.

관류 심장과 심장 세포에서 Insulin에 의한 Mg^(2+) 유리 조절

정창우,강형섭,김진상 한국수의공중보건학회 2002 예방수의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

It is well known that β-adrenergic stimulation increases the intracelluar cAMP concentration through activation of adenylate cyclase (AC) and evokes marked Mg^(2+) release in the heart, liver, and kidney. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of insulin on isoproterenol (ISO), norepinephrine (NE), forskolin (FOS), cAMP, or dimaprit (DMP) induced Mg^(2+) efflux from the perfused rat or guinea pig heart and isolated myocytes. We hypothesized that insulin would regulate Mg^(2+) efflux induced by AC activators and cAMP analogues because insulin activates phosphodiesterase (PDE) in the hearts. The Mg^(2+) content in the perfusate was significantly higher in the presence than in the absence of insulin. The addition of ISO, NE, FOS, or cAMP to perfused rat or guinea pig heart and isolated myocytes induced a marked Mg^(2+) efflux. These effluxes were inhibited by insulin. The Mg^(2+) efflux could also be induced by DMP, a histamine H2-receptor agonist, in the perfused guinea pig heart and isolatd myocytes. This effect was also inhibited by insulin. In rat heart and myocytes, the histamine H2-receptor agonist had no effect on Mg^(2+) efflux. In conclusion, these data suggest that insulin regulates Mg^(2+) homeostasis and the inhibitory effect of insulin on adrenoceptor-stimulation or AC activation induced Mg^(2+) efflux may occur through a regulation of cAMP pathway in rat and guinea pig hearts.

기니픽에서 Magnesium의 혈관 이완과 혈압 하강 효과

김정곤,강형섭,김진상 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

The present study evaluated the effects of various agents on magnesium sulfate (Mg^(2+))-induced relaxation in aorta and blood pressure lowering in anesthetized guinea pigs. Mg^(2+) inhibited phenylephrine (PE)- or 40 mM KC1-induced sustained contraction of endothelium-intact (+E) guinea pig aortic rings in concentration-dependent manner. In preparations preconstricted with PE or KC1, Mg^(2+)-induced concentration-dependent relaxations. In preparations preconstricted with PE or KCl, Mg^(2+)-induced relaxations were not affected by the removal of endothelium (-E) and by the pretreatment of aortic rings with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors (L-NAME and LNNA), guanylate cyclase inhibitors (methylene blue and ODQ, adenylate cyclase inhibitor (MDL), K^(+) channel blockers (glibenclamide and tetrabutylammonium), nifedipine or ryanodine. However, Mg^(2+)-induced relaxations were inhibited by Na^(+)-Mg^(2+) exchange inhibitor (imipramine) or removal (or attenuation) of extracellular Ca^(2+) in +E aortic rings. PE-induced contraction was not inhibited by nifedipine. In addition, Mg^(2+)-induced relaxations were inhibited by phospholipase C inhibitor (NCDC) or inositol monophosphatase inhibitor (lithium), but not by protein kinase C inhibitor (staurosporine). In vi패 infusion of Mg^(2+), directly into the femoral veins of guinea pigs, elicited sustained decrease in arterial blood pressure. The Mg^(2+)-lowered blood pressure was attenuated by intravenous administration of imipramine or lithium, but not by methylene blue, indomethacin, tetrabutylammonium nifedipine, LNNA, L-NAME or saponin (as an endothelium removal agent). These results suggest that endothelium independent vasorelaxant effect of Mg^(2+) on aortic ring appear to play important roles on the antihypertensive action in guinea pig, most likely via the inhibitory action of Mg^(2+) on the intracellular C^(2+) involve in PLC-IP pathway and influx (through the Na^(+)-Mg^(2+) exchanger) into the cell in guinea pig aorta.

性別 및 年齡에 따른 體格과 體力의 特性과 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究 Ⅰ : 體育專攻 大學生을 中心으로 Emphasised on College Men of Physical Education

金尙國,姜東洹,金昇一,徐再均,金耕知,孫斗玉,鮮于攝,崔榮烈,尹宇相,金亨燉,方永鎭,李錫元 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1988 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the characterists and change in physique and physical function by college student of physical education major(287males and 40 females of age groups ranging from 18 to 26). The results were as following; 1) The characteristics of physique and physical function by sex and age. ① The male group of 18yrs old showed higher values in Height, Weight, Upper Limb Length, Strength, Flexibility, and Vital Capacity than any other groups, but female group showed lower values in Height, Weight, Chest Girth, Lower Limb Length, Thigh, Girth, Calf Girth and all of the Physical function. ② The male group of 19yrs old showed high values in power and Agility, then female group showed in Strength and Flexibility. ③ The male group of 20yrs old showed the lower values in Weight, Waist Girth, Upper Limb Length, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girh.Calf Girth, Vital Capacity, and female group are very lowed in Upper Arm Lenght, Fore Arm Length, Skin Fold Thickness and 5 minute Run. ④ The male group of 23yrs old showed the high values in Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth and Balance, and then female group higher in Weight, Chest Girth, Waist Girth, Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Power, Shuttle Run, Balance and vital capacity than any other age Groups. ⑤ In male group, Chest Girth, and Blood Pressure were significantly related, and Side Step and Trunk Extension were nagatively related to the age at 0.1% level, and then in female group, Sargent Jump, Standing Long Jump and Vital Capacity were showed a significantly related at 0.5% level. 2) The difference of physique and physical function between male and female by age. ① Everage difference in whole physique items except skinfold thickness was 9.8%, and that 21.1% in all of physical function except Trunk Flextion between male and female group subjects. ② About the ages, the 18yrs old male group showed the 22.8% higher values of 26 items, but 22yrs old male group were about 12.2% in 23 items, thus it is very lower than any other groups. 3) The difference of physique and physical function between General group and physical education group in age-matched. ① In the physique male physical education groups showed about 7% higher in Weight, Chest Girth, Upper Limb Length, Upper Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, and female group showed about 7% higher in Weight and Upper Limb Length. ② In the physical function, Trunk Flextion, 5 minute Run, and Blood Pressure(Diastolic) were about 8% high values in whole group, and female group showed about 8% higher in Standing Long Jump, Shuttle Run, and Trunk Extension. ③ In 22yrs old male and female physical education group were very dominated in physique and physical function than the other age group against the general group.

性別 및 年齡에 따른 體格과 體力의 特性과 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究Ⅱ : Emphasised on College Men of Department of Physical Education 體育專功 大學生을 中心으로

金尙國,姜東洹,張周鎬,金昇一,徐再均,金耕知,孫斗玉,鮮于攝,崔榮烈,尹宇相,金亨燉,方永鎭,朴英震,柳在忠 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1989 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics, change in physique and physical function of college students majoring physical education and Taekwondo (454 males and 64 females of age groups ranging from 18 to 26). The results are as following: 1. The male group of 23yrs old in physical education showed highest values in 7 items(Weight, Chest Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness and Suprailiac Skinfold Thickness). 2. In the Physical function, the male group of 18yrs old showed highest values in Power, Flexibility, and then 21yrs old at Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and 23yrs old at Grip Strength, and 25yrs old at Blood Pressure, respectively. 3. In the physique, the male group of 22yrs old showed highest values in Weight, Chest Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, and then 24yrs old Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, and 19yrs old at Height, Upper Limb Length, respectively. 4. In Physical Function, the 22yrs old showed highest values in Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and then 23yrs old at Side Step, Trunk Extension, but 18yrs old showed lower Values in Grip Strength, Side Step, Vital Capacity and Blood Pressure. 5. The female group of 22yrs old showed highest values in 8 items(Height, Sitting Height, Waist Girth, Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length, Skinfold Thickness), and then 18yrs old at 5 items (Weight, Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth), respectively. 6. In the physical function, the 22yrs old showed highest Values in Grip strength, Back Strength, Power, 5 Minute Run, and 18yrs old at flexibility, Harvard Step Test, respectively. 7. In the change of the physique for two years(1988-1989) in the male group, majoring Physical education the 22yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 20yrs old in 3 items, but 18yrs old showed decrease in 3 items. 8. In the change of the physical function for two years in the male group, the 20yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 21, 25, 26yrs old in 3 items, but the 19yrs old showed decrease in 6 items, and 18, 22 yrs old in 5 items, respectively. 9. The change of the physique for two years in all female group, of 18, 19, 20, 21yrs old showed increase in 11 items except Skinfold Thickness. 10. In the change of physical function for two years in female group, the 18yrs old showed increase in 3 items, and then 20yrs old in 5 items, but 19, 22yrs old decreased 12 items, respectively. 11. The highest significant difference in physique between male and female was found in weight(mean Value 17.5%), and the lowest difference was found Thigh Girth, Calf Girth(1,3%), Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length(2.5%). 12. The Highest difference in physical function was Strength (mean Value 40%), Vital Capacity (33%), Power(22%), but Lower Trunk Flexion, Foot Balance(3.4%). 13. In the difference of Physique and physical function between physical education major and taekwondo major, the physical education showed higher values in skinfold Thickines (mean Value 16.5%), Weight, Waist Girth(4.7%) and Strength(33%), Endurance(5.6%), but subjects majoring Taekwondo showed higher values in Flexibility and Foot Balance. 14. In all male groups, Waist Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness, Back Strength, Sargent Jump, Trunk Extension and Diastolic Blood Pressure were showed a significantly related at 0.001 level.

기니픽 심장과 심근 세포에서 α<SUB>1</SUB>-Adrenergic 자극에 의한 Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> 유리조절

강형섭(Hyung Sub Kang),장성은(Sung Eun Chang),김진상(Jin Sang Kim) 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.6

<P> Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> is the fourth most abundant cation in cellular organisms. Although the biological chemistry and the physiological roles of the magnesium ion were well known, the regulation of intracellular Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> in mammalian cells is not fully understood. More recently, however, the mechanism of Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> mobilization by hormonal stimulation has been investigated in hearts and in myocytes. In this work we have investigated the regulation mechanism responsible for the Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> mobilization induced by α<SUB>1</SUB>-adrenoceptor stimulation in perfused guinea pig hearts or isolated myocytes. The Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> content of the perfusate or the supernatant was measured by atomic absorbance spectrophotometry. <P> The elimination of Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> in the medium increased the force of contraction of right ventricular papillary muscles. Phenylephrine also enhanced the force of contraction in the presence of Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-free medium. α<SUB>1</SUB>-Agonists such as phenylephrine were found to induce Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> efflux in both perfused hearts or myocytes. This was blocked by prazosin, a α<SUB>1</SUB>-adrenoceptor antagonist. Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> efflux by phenylephrine was amplified by Na<SUP>⁢</SUP> channel blockers, an increase in extracellular Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> or a decrease in extracellular Na<SUP>⁢</SUP>. By contrast, the Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> influx was induced by verapamil, nifedipine, ryanodine, lidocaine or tetrodotoxin in perfused hearts, but not in myocytes. W<SUB>7</SUB>, a Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>/calmodulin antagonist, completely blocked the pheylephrine-, A23187-, veratridine-, Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-induced Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> efflux in perfused hearts or isolated myocytes. In addition, Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> efflux was induced by W<SUB>7</SUB> in myocytes but not in perfused heart. <P> In conclusion, An increase in Mg<SUP>2⁢</SUP> efflux by α<SUB>1</SUB>-adrenoceptor stimulation in hearts can be through IP<SUB>3</SUB> and Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-calmodulin dependent mechanism.

Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃가 코팅된 Mica 또는 TiO₂/Mica 적외선 반사용 청색안료 제조 및 이 도료의 차열 특성 평가

정하영,김대성,이현진,이승호,임형미,최병기,강광중,최진섭,Jung, Ha-Young,Kim, Dae Sung,Lee, Hyun-Jin,Lee, Seung-Ho,Lim, Hyung Mi,Choi, Byung-Ki,Kang, Kwang-Jung,Choi, Jin-Sub 한국재료학회 2013 한국재료학회지 Vol.23 No.12

$Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ coated on a mica or $TiO_2$/mica surface as infrared reflective blue pigment was prepared by a hydrothermal method. $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$, used as coloring agent, was uniformly coated on mica or $TiO_2$/mica under the optimized condition of a 1.2 : 1 weight ratio between iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and potassium ferrocyanidetrihydrate at the initial pH level of 4.5 at $70^{\circ}C$. The infrared (IR)-reflective pigments were characterized by SEM, Zeta-potenial, FT-IR, and UV-VIS NIR spectrophotometry. Especially the CIE color coordinate and total solar reflectance(TSR) properties of the pigments were investigated in relation to variation of the coating and coated substrate thicknesses. Isolation-heat paint was prepared with 20 wt% blue pigments fully dispersed in acryl-urethane resin and several additives to coat the film uniformly. The films were also measured with CIE color coordinate, TSR, and the surface temperature was recorded by an isolation-heat measuring system. The pigments and films of $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ coated on mica and $TiO_2$/mica showed high TSR values compared with the TSR value of $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ itself. According to the increase of TSR value, the property of isolation-heat is effective. To realize the optimal blue color, we applied the the pigment to $TiO_2$ coated mica(TM(b)) which has blueish interference color. The pigment of $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ coated on TM(b) shows a strong blue color compared with that of $Fe_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3$ coated on $TiO_2$/Mmca(TM(w)), which has a whitish interference color.

기니픽 심근의 수축력과 세포내 Na⁺ 활성도에 미치는 α₁-Adrenergic 수용체 자극효과

김진상(Jin Sang Kim),강형섭(Hyung Sub Kang),채수완(Soo Wan Chae),이진옥(Chin Ok Lee) 대한약리학회 1996 대한약리학잡지 Vol.32 No.2

Myocardial α₁-Adrenoceptors have been shown to mediate a biphaslc inotropic response that was characterized by a transient decline followed by a sustained increasing phase in guinea pig ventricular muscle. Recently one group reported that an α₁-Adrenoceptors-induced intracellular Na⁺ decrease is linked to fast Na⁺ channel inhibition and another group reported that it is linked to Na⁺-K⁺ pump activation by α_1b-adrenoceptors. But until now, its mechanism is not clear. Therefore, to see whether the Na⁺channel or Na⁺-K⁺ pump is related to a decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity and/or the negative inotropic response, and which α₁-Adrenoceptor subtype was involved in the decrease in intracellular Na⁺activity by phenylephrine, we used conventional and sodium selective microelectrodes, and tension transducer to determine the effects of α₁-adrenergic stimulation on membrane potential, intracellular Na⁺ activity, and twitch force in guinea pig ventricular muscles. 10^-5 M Phenylephrine produced a slight hyperpolarization of the diastolic membrane potential, a decrease or increase in a_{Nⁱ_a}, and a biphasic inotropic response. The negative inotropic response accompanied by a decrease in intracellular Na⁺activity, whereas in muscles showing a remarkable positive inotropic response without initial negative inotropic effect was accompanied by an increase in intracellular Na⁺ activity. The decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity was apparently inhibited by WB4101, an antagonist of the α_1a-adrenoceptors. The decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity caused by phenylephrine was not abolished or reduced by a block of the fast Na⁺ channels. V_max also was not affected by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine produced an increase in intracellular Na⁺ activity in the presence of a high concentration of extracellular Ca²⁺ (in quiescent muscle) or phorbol dibutyrate, a protein kinase C activator(in beating muscle). These suggest that the α_1a-adrenoceptors-mediated decrease in intracellular Na⁺ activity may be related to the protein kinase C.

Evaluation of a ferroelectric tunnel junction by ultraviolet–visible absorption using a removable liquid electrode

Lee, Hong-Sub,Kang, Kyung-Mun,Yeom, Geun Young,Park, Hyung-Ho IOP 2016 Nanotechnology Vol.27 No.21

<P>Ferroelectric memristors offer a significant alternative to their redox-based analogs in resistive random access memory because a ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) exhibits a memristive effect that induces resistive switching (RS) regardless of the operating current level. This RS results from a change in the ferroelectric polarization direction, allowing the FTJ to overcome the restriction encountered in redox-based memristors. Herein, the memristive effect of an FTJ was investigated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy using a removable mercury (Hg) top electrode (TE), BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (BTO) ferroelectric tunnel layer, La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB> (LSMO) semiconductor bottom electrode, and wide-bandgap quartz (100) single-crystal substrate to determine the low-resistance state (LRS) and high-resistance state (HRS) of the FTJ. A BTO (110)/LSMO (110) polycrystal memristor involving a Hg TE showed a small memristive effect (switching ratio). This effect decreased with increasing read voltage because of a small potential barrier height. The LRS and HRS of the FTJ showed quasi-similar UV–Vis absorption spectra, consistent with the small energy difference between the valence-band maximum of BTO and Fermi level of LSMO near the interface between the LRS and HRS. This energy difference stemmed from the ferroelectric polarization and charge-screening effect of LSMO based on an electrostatic model of the FTJ.</P>

α₂-Adrenoceptor Agonists의 흰쥐 대동맥 이완 작용

조인국,이상우,강형섭,서형석,김진상,Cho, In-gook,Lee, Sang-woo,Kang, Hyung-sub,Seo, Heyng-seok,Kim, Jin-shang 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.3

The vasorelaxant actions and blood pressure lowering of the ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor agonists (${\alpha}_2$-AAs) clonidine and xylazine were investigated in rat isolated aortic rings and anesthesized rats. Both clonidine and xylazine produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of the sustained contraction induced by norepinephrine (NE), but not by KCl. NE-induced contractions were attenuated partly by nifedipine or verapamil, voltage dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers. These $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers-resistant contractions were abolished by clonidine or xylazine. Inhibitory effects of a ${\alpha}_2$-AAs on contractions could be reversed by ryanodine, an intracellular $Ca^{2+}$, transport blocker, and tetrabutylammonium (TBA), a $Ca^{2+}$ activated $K^+$ channel blocker, but not by nifedipine, glibenclamide or removal of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ and endothelium. Moreover, ${\alpha}_2$-AAs produced relaxation in NE-precontracted isolated intact aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner, but not in KCl-precontracted rings. The relaxant effects of ${\alpha}_2$-AAs were inhibited by ryanodine and TBA, but not by nifedipine, glibenclamide, N (G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), aminoguanidine (AG), 2-nitro-4-carboxyphenyl N,N-diphenylcarhurnte (NCDC), lithium sulfate, staurosporine or removal of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ and endothelium. In vivo, infusion of xylazine elicited significant decrease in anerial blood pressure. This xylazinelowered blood pressure was completely inhibited by the intravenous injection of TBA, but not by the intravenous injection of glibenclamide, L-NNA, L-NAME, AG, nifedipine, lithium sulfate or saponin.. These findings showed that the receptor-mediated and ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor A-stimulated endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effect may be explained by decreasing intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release and activation of $Ca^{2+}$-activated $K^+$ channels, which may contribute to the hypotensive effects of ${\alpha}_2$-AAs in rats.