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Photonic Crystal Nanocavities for E cient Light Con nement and Emission
Axel Scherer,,T. Yoshie,,M. Lon car,,J. Vu ckovi c,K. Okamoto,D. Deppe 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.III
When combined with high index contrast slabs in which light can be efficiently guided, microfabricated two-dimensional photonic crystals provide us with the geometries needed to confine and concentrate light into extremely small volumes and to obtain very high field intensities. Fabrication of optical structures has now evolved to a precision which allows us to control light within such etched nanostructures. Sub-wavelength nano-optic cavities can be designed for efficient and flexible control over both emission wavelength and frequency, and nanofabricated optical waveguides can be used for efficient coupling of light between devices. The substantial reduction of the size of optical components leads to their integration in large numbers and the possibility to combine different functionalities on a single chip, much in the same way as electronic components have been integrated for improved multi-functionality of microchips. Here we describe the use of microfabricated periodic structures, photonic crystals, to define functional nano-optic cavities for efficient confinement and emission of light, which leads to the desire for miniaturization of optical devices.
Matias Scherer Lunkes 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.3
Polysaccharides are commonly used as binders in metal oxide colloidal processing. However, if the macromolecular chains areable to adsorb on ceramic particles surface, the suspension deflocculating properties are also favored. This paper investigatedthe use of dextrin as a bio-dispersant on structural and morphological properties of Al2O3 materials. The interactionmechanism between dextrin and Al2O3 surface and the additive efficiency of producing less agglomerated systems werediscussed. The suspensions behavior was pH-dependent, being the pH 6 the best condition for obtaining more compact systemsin dextrin presence. The first monolayer saturation of the Al2O3 active sites occurred at 1.5 wt. % of dextrin and a secondadsorption layer started above this additive concentration. The highest percentage of densification was 96.25% for thesuspension containing 30 vol. % solids and 1 wt. % dextrin. The presence of dextrin also influenced the microstructure of thesystems, providing a better bridging between Al2O3 particles. The use of dextrin at low dosages proved to be efficient in thestabilization of aqueous alumina suspensions.
Obesity, Diabetes, and Increased Cancer Progression
Kim Dae-Seok,Scherer Philipp E. 대한당뇨병학회 2021 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.45 No.6
Rates of obesity and diabetes have increased significantly over the past decades and the prevalence is expected to continue to rise further in the coming years. Many observations suggest that obesity and diabetes are associated with an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, including liver, pancreatic, endometrial, colorectal, and post-menopausal breast cancer. The path towards developing obesity and diabetes is affected by multiple factors, including adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, growth hormones, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. The metabolic abnormalities associated with changes in the levels of these factors in obesity and diabetes have the potential to significantly contribute to the development and progression of cancer through the regulation of distinct signaling pathways. Here, we highlight the cellular and molecular pathways that constitute the links between obesity, diabetes, cancer risk and mortality. This includes a description of the existing evidence supporting the obesity-driven morphological and functional alternations of cancer cells and adipocytes through complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment.
섬유보강 아스팔트 재료특성 분석을 위한 실험 및 모델링
김현욱,Manfred Partl,Josef Scherer 한국도로학회 2013 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2013 No.09
섬유를 아스팔트포장에 적용하여 공용수명을 증진시키고 균열을 최소화하려는 노력은 1960년대부터 이루어져왔다. 1980년대에는 도로포장의 영구변형과 반사균열을 억제하기 위하여 처음으로 강섬유를 적용하였다. 이후에도 다양한 섬유를 아스팔트 혼합물에 배합하여 강성을 증진시키고 균열을 저감하려는 노력은 계속되었다. 하지만, 섬유보강을 아스팔트 층 내에 그리드타입으로 적용하려는 시도는 없었다. 본 연구는 유리섬유, 폴리에스테르섬유, 탄소섬유 등을 그리드타입으로 아스팔트재료 내에 하나의 층으로 삽입하여 강성과 균열저항성을 증진시키고자 한 연구이다. <그림 1>에서 보여지듯이 섬유보강층을 아스팔트 층내에 삽입하여 4점 휨인성 실험을 실시하고 소형포장가속시험기(MMLS3, 3rd-Scale Model Mobile Load Simulator)를 사용하여 수분저항성을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 단섬유를 골재, 아스팔트와 배합하는 혼합방식이 아닌 각각의 역학적 특성을 보존하고 아스팔트의 공용수명을 증진시키기 위한 연구이다. 실내실험 중에서 4점 휨인성 실험을 통하여 균열저항성을 비교 검토하였고 소형포장가속시험기(MMLS3)를 통하여 포장체 공용성을 확인하였다. 또한, 스위스 연방재료연구소(EMPA)에서 개발한 중공축 전단실험(CAST, Co-Axial Shear Test)을 통하여 탄성특성 및 FEM 모델링을 수행하였다. 본 연구는 실내 및 소형포장가속시험기를 바탕으로 현장의 시공법을 개발하기 위한 기초연구로 수행하였으며 이후 현장시험을 바탕으로 시공성을 검토하였다. 향후 다양한 섬유와 보강방법을 개발하여 공용수명을 증진하고 균열 및 수분저항성을 증진시키는 섬유보강 아스팔트에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 수행될 예정이다.
Two-dimensional measurements of the solvent structural relaxation dynamics in dipolar solvation
Park, Sungnam,Kim, Jeongho,Scherer, Norbert F. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.22
<P>Resonant-pump polarizability response spectroscopy (RP-PORS) is based on an optical heterodyne detected transient grating (OHD-TG) method with an additional resonant pump pulse. In RP-PORS, the resonant pump pulse excites the solute–solvent system and the subsequent relaxation of the solute–solvent system is monitored by the OHD-TG spectroscopy. RP-PORS is shown to be an excellent experimental tool to directly measure the solvent responses in solvation. In the present work, we extended our previous RP-PORS (Park <I>et al.</I>, <I>Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.</I>, 2011, <B>13</B>, 214–223) to measure time-dependent transient solvation polarizability (TSP) spectra with Coumarin153 (C153) in acetonitrile. The time-dependent TSP spectra showed how the different solvent intermolecular modes were involved in different stages of the solvation process. Most importantly, the inertial and diffusive components of the solvent intermolecular modes in solvation were found to be spectrally and temporally well-separated. In a dipolar solvation of C153, high-frequency inertial solvent modes were found to be driven instantaneously and decay on a subpicosecond timescale while low-frequency diffusive solvent modes were induced slowly and decayed on a picosecond timescale. Our present result is the first experimental manifestation of frequency-dependent solvent intermolecular response in a dipolar solvation.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Evolution of transient solvent intermolecular spectra in dipolar solvation measured by two-dimensional polarizability spectroscopy. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp40519a'> </P>