김달진 시의 현실인식 - 근대성 비판을 중심으로

유상희(Yu, SangHee),김옥성(Kim, Ok-sung) 문학과환경학회 2021 문학과 환경 Vol.20 No.3

그동안 김달진에 관한 연구는 주로 제한적인 부분에서 논의가 이루어졌으며 현실인식과는 무관한 것으로 간주되어 왔다. 그의 전기적 행적에서도 확인할 수 있듯이 김달진의 작품세계, 특히 초기 작품에서 현실인식은 두드러지게 발견된다. 김달진 시에서 나타난 현실인식은 전통사회의 몰락과 근대로의 이행이라는 시대적 상황과 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있다. 근대가 들어서면서 자연은 일상에서 분리되어 박제된 상태로 존재하였다. 김달진은 이런 현실을 “낡은 벽화속의 사슴”, “박제된 어린 비둘기”, ‘유리 항아리에 갇힌 금붕어’ 등으로 형상화하였다. 박제된 자연은 근대 문명에 감금된 근대인의 모습이기도 하다. ‘항아리에 갇힌 금붕어’는 차가운 빌딩에 수감된 근대인의 은유이다. 식민지 도시 경성은 소비의 욕망을 작동시키는 스펙터클한 공간이었다. 김달진은 이러한 소비의 욕망에 주목하였다. 김달진은 사람들이 근대라는 ‘환영’에 빠져 다방에서 값비싼 커피를 마시고 일요일이면 고궁에서 여가를 즐기며 근대를 소비하는 세태를 비판한다. 이들이 소비한 근대는 잡히지 않는 ‘환영’에 불과하다. 그들은 판타스마고리를 경험할 뿐이다. 판타스마고리는 소비주의, 물신주의와 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있다. 표박의식은 일제강점기라는 시대적 상황과 근대에서의 고향 상실과 맞물려 있다. 김달진은 표박의식을 인간의 본능이라고 하며 “냉혹한 현실”로 인해 표박자가 되었다고 한다. 표박의식에서 “고수”는 필연적이다. “고수”는 표박자가 공동체의 일원으로서 본질적 존재로 접근할 수 있도록 한다. 표박자의 시선은 차 밖의 “냉혹한 현실”에 머무른다. “아리욕”과 같은 개인주의와 물질주의가 사회 전역에 퍼져 있었다. So far, the research on Kim Dal-jin has been mainly discussed in limited extent without considering reality recognition. As we can see from his biographical track record, the reality recognition of Kim Dal-jin’s works is found especially in his early works. Kim Dal-jin’s perception of reality is closely related to the situation of the times, such as the fall of traditional society and the transition to modernity. As modern times entered, nature was separated from daily life and existed in a stuffed state. Kim Dal-jin poeticized this reality in the works of “A Deer in an Old Mural,” “A Stuffed Young Pigeon,” and “A Goldfish Trapped in a Glass Jar.” The stuffed nature is also the image of modern people imprisoned in modern civilization. “Goldfish Trapped in a Jar” is a metaphor for modern people in the prison of cold buildings. The colonial city of Gyeongseong was a spectacular place to activate the desire for consumption. Kim Dal-jin pays attention to this desire for consumption. Kim Dal-jin criticizes the generation in which people fell in love with the illusion of modern times, sipping expensive coffee in the cafes, consuming modernity enjoying leisure time while strolling in old palaces on Sunday. However, to them the modernity was nothing but an illusion. They only experienced the Fantasmagorie. The Fantasmagory is closely related to consumerism and physicalism. The nomadism is linked to the situation of the times called Japanese colonial era and the loss of one’s hometown in modern times. Kim Dal-jin says nomadism a human instinctKim and he has become a nomad because of “hard reality.” In the nomadism, “solitude” is inevitable. In the nomadism the solittude allows access to an substantial existence as a member of a community. The gaze of the nomad see “Cold reality” through the window of the car. Individualism and materialism, such as “ariyok,” are spread throughout society.

A Study on Usage Behavior of Influencers by College Students

Sanghee Park(Sanghee Park),Kiyoon Kim(Kiyoon Kim) J-INSTITUTE 2022 Public Value Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: This study aims to explore the various influencing factors that influencer channel characteristics have on users, targeting university students who are the main users of various social media after the pandemic. Method: in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 college students to investigate their influencer usage behaviors, explore factors affecting their use, and develop a related research model. Results: First of all, in the early days of using content, they encountered content for reasons such as topicality, information, friend recommendation, and curiosity, and there was a tendency to select content based on similar tastes through algorithm and friend recommendation. In particular, the highly topical contents of influencers recommended by friends played an important role in forming peer culture with friends. It was found that sincerity and candor revealed in the content were important factors influencing the period when an influencer's channel was subscribed and used continuously and intimacy was formed. When they felt their sincerity and honesty, they realized that they were different from other influencers and continued to watch them. It was found that the interaction factor plays a decisive role in forming intimacy with influencers and contin-uously using the channel for more than 3 months, forming a fandom and recommending content to others. Conclusion: This usage behavior of college students has great implications for companies that want to pro-mote and market through the influencer channel. As the factors that affect users vary depending on when they use the influencer channel, a promotional strategy that reflects this is needed. In addition, as integrity and hon-esty are important factors in building users' trust, it should be given more important value than anything else in maintaining and managing channels.

Phytosphingosine Derivatives Ameliorate Skin Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB and JAK/STAT Signaling in Keratincoytes and Mice

Kim, Byung-Hak,Lee, Ji Min,Jung, Yong-Gyu,Kim, Sanghee,Kim, Tae-Yoon The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc 2014 The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol.134 No.4

Phytosphingosine is abundant in plants and fungi and is found in mammalian epidermis, including the stratum corneum. Phytosphingosine and its derivatives N-acetyl phytosphingosine and tetraacetyl phytosphingosine are part of the natural defense system of the body. However, these molecules exhibit strong toxicities at high concentrations. We synthesized phytosphingosine derivatives, mYG-II-6 ((Z)-4-oxo-4-(((2S,3S,4R)-1,3,4-trihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl)amino)but-2-enoic acid) and fYG-II-6 ((E)-4-oxo-4-(((2S,3S,4R)-1,3,4-trihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl)amino)but-2-enoic acid), to increase efficacy and decrease toxicity, and the biological activities of the derivatives in the inflammatory response were examined. Both YG-II-6 compounds effectively suppressed 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)–induced inflammatory skin damage and inflammatory response in a mouse model. In addition, topical application of fYG-II-6 suppressed ear swelling and psoriasiform dermatitis in the ears of IL-23-injected mice. Anti-inflammatory and antipsoriatic activities of the phytosphingosine derivatives inhibited NF-κB, JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Finally, the YG-II-6 compounds induced programmed cell death in keratinocytes and mouse skin and were less toxic than phytosphingosine. Our study demonstrated that the phytosphingosine-derived YG-II-6 compounds have much stronger biological potencies than the lead compounds. The YG-II-6 compounds ameliorated inflammatory skin damage. Thus, YG-II-6 compounds are potential topical agents for treating chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis.

Hereditary protein S deficiency presenting acute pulmonary embolism

Kim, Jiwan,Kim, Sung Hea,Jung, Sang Man,Park, Sooyoun,Yu, HyungMin,An, Sanghee,Kang, Seonghui,Kim, Hyun-Joong Yeungnam University College of Medicine 2014 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.31 No.1

Protein S deficiency is one of the several risk factors for thrombophilia and can cause blood clotting disorders such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A 54-year-old man was admitted with the complaint of dyspnea and was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The patient had very low level of free protein S, total protein S antigen, and protein S activity (type I protein S deficiency). In history taking, we found that his mother, 78 year old, had a history of same disease 10 years ago, and confirmed the pronounced low level of protein S. The patient's son also had very low level of protein S, however there had not been any history of pulmonary embolism yet. This case study suggests that asymptomatic persons with a family history of protein S deficiency and pulmonary embolism should be checked regularly for early detection of the disease, as protein S deficiency can be suspected.

Freezing-enhanced oxidation of iodide by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of antifreeze proteins from the Arctic yeast Leucosporidium sp. AY30

Kim, Bomi,Do, Hackwon,Kim, Bo-Mi,Lee, Jun Hyuck,Kim, Sanghee,Kim, Eun Jae,Lee, Jungeun,Cho, Sung Mi,Kim, Kitae 극지연구소 2023 극지연구소 초록집 Vol.- No.-

Preoperative Evaluation of Living Donor Candidate for Liver Transplantation

( Sanghee Song ),( Ok Kyung Kim ),( Myung Eun Lee ),( Jin Yong Choi ),( Hyeyoung Kim ),( Sung-woo Ahn ),( Hyo-sin Kim ),( Kyung Chul Yoon ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Nam-joon Yi ),( Kwang-woong Lee ),( Kyun 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

The downside of living donor liver transplantation, of course, is the risk to the healthy donor. For the donor safety, preoperativeevaluation of donor is important and it should be included psychosocial and ethical issues as well as medical suitability. Here,we introduce a preoperative evaluation of living donor candidate for liver transplantation. Since 2011 our institution`s protocolwas introduced, this three-step evaluation protocol have been used in our center (Fig.1). At Step1, the medical examination ofcandidate for donor by interview includes the medical history, psychosocial circumstance and age; usually 16-60 years. The relationshipbetween the recipient and donor should be within the third degree of consanguinity or an intense emotional relationshipjudged by ethical board of local committee. At Step 2, potential donor undergoes tests two phase medical evaluation, ethicalevaluation and document process. First phase medical evaluation includes basic blood and urine profile, Liver CT scan forgraft/remnant volume of liver, ECG and chest X-ray. Second phase medical evaluation includes viral and neoplastic disease andimaging studies, especially primovist MRI and MRCP, for anatomy and quality of the liver include the degree of fatty change.If necessary, the invasive procedures including liver biopsy and additional consultations required to investigate the potential problemsdiscovered during phases 1 and 2 are done. At Step 3, the multidisciplinary team discuss about donor and decide thedonation. A preoperative liver biopsy was applied to the moderate steatosis from imaging studies. The presence of mild systemicdiseases (e.g., well-controlled hypertension or diabetes) cannot be a contraindication in our protocol. The donors are disciplinedto quit smoking and drinking. The remnant liver volume ≥ 30% of the whole liver is recommended. If macrovesicular steatosisis ≥ 10%, we do liver biopsy and recommend diet control. Donors with a GRWR > 0.8% were generally accepted. Usually minimalanantomical variation of the liver has been accepted. Only candidate who passed these all examination, can be a donor for livertransplantation. This detailed evaluation undoubtedly play a role in our successful living donor liver transplantation program,and there was no donor mortality and the overall donor morbidity was < 6.0%, including 0.9% of major complications (> gradeIII). In conclusion, meticulous donor evaluation is important for the successful LDLT.

Hybrid Nanocomposite of CdSe Quantum Dots and a P3HT-<i>b</i>-PDMAEMA Block Copolymer for Photovoltaic Applications

Kim, Sung Won,Kim, Dongh Wan,Kim, Hyun Ji,Lee, Yun Jae,Wang, Seung Sangh,Baek, Kyung Youl Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2012 Materials science forum Vol.700 No.-

<P>We synthesized a new hybrid nanocomposite consisting of CdSe quantum dot (QD) and regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene)-<I>b</I>-poly (<I>N,N</I>-dimethylamino-2-ethylmethacrylate) rod-coil block copolymer to investigate the effects of nanoscale morphology to the photovoltaic properties in inorganic-organic hybrid solar cell. Well-defined conducting rod-coil block copolymers, P3HT-<I>b</I>-PDMAEMA, were synthesized by combination of Grignard metathesis polymerization (GRIM) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) methods. These rod-coil block copolymers were then mixed with oleic acid capped CdSe QDs through ligand exchange and characterized their nanoscale morphology and optoelectronic properties. These results can be explained by the effects of the bicontinuous electron-donor/electron-acceptor networks in active layer based on rod-coil P3HT-<I>b</I>-PDMAEMA block copolymers blended with CdSe QDs.</P>

Calix[<i>n</i>]triazoles and Related Conformational Studies

Kim, Illan,Ko, Kyoung Chul,Lee, Woo Ram,Cho, Jihee,Moon, Jong Hun,Moon, Dohyun,Sharma, Amit,Lee, Jin Yong,Kim, Jong Seung,Kim, Sanghee THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.19 No.20

<P>Calix[<I>n</I>]triazoles are developed as new derivatives in the calixarene family. Calixtriazole compounds <B>2</B>–<B>4</B> are synthesized using an iterative convergent strategy including an inter-/intramolecular copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction. Solid-state structures are clearly refined to give 1,2-alternate and partial cone conformations for calix[4]triazole and calix[5]triazole, respectively. Theoretical studies based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that intermolecular interactions are crucial in determining the conformers of the crystals, and the most stable conformers of calix[4]triazole, calix[5]triazole, and calix[6]triazole in the monomeric forms are 1,3-alternate, 1,3-alternate, and 1,3,5-alternate, respectively.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/orlef7/2017/orlef7.2017.19.issue-20/acs.orglett.7b02557/production/images/medium/ol-2017-02557h_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ol7b02557'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

A Stereoselective Approach to Halogenated Tetrahydropyranoid Marine Natural Products

Sanghee Kim,Hyoungsu Kim,Janghyun Park,Kwan Woo Kim,Hyun joo Lee,Deukjoon Kim 大韓藥學會 2007 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2007 No.2

Gene family expansions in Antarctic winged midge as a strategy for adaptation to cold environments

Kim, Heesoo,Kim, Han-Woo,Lee, Jun Hyuck,Lee, Hyoungseok,Kim, Sanghee,Shin, Seung Chul 극지연구소 2023 극지연구소 초록집 Vol.- No.-