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Graphene transfer in vacuum yielding a high quality graphene
Lee, Sangchul,Lee, Sang Kyung,Kang, Chang Goo,Cho, Chunhum,Lee, Young Gon,Jung, Ukjin,Lee, Byoung Hun Elsevier 2015 Carbon Vol.93 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The importance of proper graphene transfer process cannot be emphasized more because it is so closely related to the performance and stability of graphene devices. In this work, a new transfer method utilizing a voluntary bonding of a graphene film to a target substrate in vacuum is demonstrated. The problems originated from water and air molecules which prevent a robust bonding and degrade the electrical characteristics could be drastically alleviated. As a result, graphene field-effect transistors showed nearly symmetric <I>I</I> <SUB>d</SUB>–<I>V</I> <SUB>g</SUB> characteristics with a minimal hysteresis and drastically improved device stability in air for more than a month could be obtained.</P>
X-band Linac for a 6MeV dual-head radiation therapy gantry
Lee, Seung Hyun,Shin, Seung-Wook,Lee, Jongchul,Kim, Hui-Su,Lee, Byeong-No,Lee, Byung-Chul,Park, Hyung-dal,Song, Ki-back,Song, Ho-seung,Mun, Sangchul,Ha, Donghyup,Chai, Jong-Seo Elsevier 2017 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol.852 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We developed a design for a 6MeV X-band linear accelerator for radiation therapy in a dual-head gantry layout. The dual-head gantry has two linacs that can be operated independently. Each X-band linac accelerates electron bunches using high-power RF and generates X-rays for radiation therapy. It requires a versatile RF system and pulse sequence to accomplish various radiation therapy procedures.</P> <P>The RF system consists of 9.3GHz, 2MW X-band magnetron and associated RF transmission components. A test linac was assembled and operated to characterize its RF performance without beam. This paper presents these results along with a description of the gantry linacs and their operational requirements.</P>
Hakmin Lee,Dong Hwan Lee,Younsoo Chung,Ngoc Ha Nguyen,Jong Jin Oh,Sangchul Lee,Sang Eun Lee,Sung Kyu Hong,Seok-Soo Byun 대한비뇨기종양학회 2017 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Purpose: We tried to investigate the clinical impact of Ki-67 (MIB-1) expression on the oncological and survival outcomes in patients with bladder cancer (BCa) after the radical cystectomy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 230 patients who were treated by radical cystectomy for BCa. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazards models and logistic regression tests were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of each variable. Results: The patients with positive Ki-67 expression showed significant worse clinical characteristics and pathologic outcomes than negative Ki-67 group. Furthermore, the patients with Ki-67 expression showed significant worse recurrence (p=0.018) and cancer-specific mortality free survival (p=0.019) than negative Ki-67 group. The overall survival was also revealed to be inferior in Ki-67 positive group than Ki-67 negative group but the statistical significance was marginal (p=0.062). Subsequent multivariate Cox analyses showed that Ki-67 was independent predictor for disease recurrence after surgery (hazard ratio, 3.142; 95% CI, 1.287–7.671; p=0.012). Conclusions: In our study, high Ki-67 expression was significantly related with worse clinical outcomes after radical cystectomy in the patients with BCa. Further prospective and basic researches are needed to validate the true prognostic value of Ki-67.
Effects of infections with five sexually transmitted pathogens on sperm quality
Kim, Sung Jae,Paik, Doo-Jin,Lee, Joong Shik,Lee, Hyo Serk,Seo, Ju Tae,Jeong, Mi Seon,Lee, Jae-Ho,Park, Dong Wook,Han, Sangchul,Lee, Yoo Kyung,Lee, Ki Heon,Lee, In Ho,So, Kyeong A,Kim, Seon Ah,Kim, Jur The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2017 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.44 No.4
Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of infections with human papillomavirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mycoplasma genitalium in the semen of Korean infertile couples and their associations with sperm quality. Methods: Semen specimens were collected from 400 men who underwent a fertility evaluation. Infection with above five pathogens was assessed in each specimen. Sperm quality was compared in the pathogen-infected group and the non-infected group. Results: The infection rates of human papillomavirus, C. trachomatis, U. urealyticum, M. hominis, and M. genitalium in the study subjects were 1.57%, 0.79%, 16.80%, 4.46%, and 1.31%, respectively. The rate of morphological normality in the U. urealyticum-infected group was significantly lower than in those not infected with U. urealyticum. In a subgroup analysis of normozoospermic samples, the semen volume and the total sperm count in the pathogen-infected group were significantly lower than in the non-infected group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that infection with U. urealyticum alone and any of the five sexually transmitted infections are likely to affect sperm morphology and semen volume, respectively.
Enhanced Charge Injection in Pentacene Field‐Effect Transistors with Graphene Electrodes
Lee, Sangchul,Jo, Gunho,Kang, Seok‐,Ju,Wang, Gunuk,Choe, Minhyeok,Park, Woojin,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Kahng, Yung Ho,Lee, Takhee Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 2011 Advanced Materials Vol. No.
<P><B>Pentacene organic field‐effect transistors</B> with multilayer graphene electrodes exhibit a lower contact resistance and lower charge‐injection barrier height than those with conventional Au electrodes. This enhancement in performance is related to the favorable dipole layer formation at the graphene/pentacene interface. </P>
Evaluating Performance of Android Platform Using Native C for Embedded Systems
Sangchul Lee,Jae Wook Jeon 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
The Android platform used for mobile devices can be applied to embedded systems, such as robot control systems. Developers should create applications by using Java language provided by Android SDK for embedded systems operated via Android platforms. However, in many existing embedded systems, developers have written applications for controlling the system by using C language. Android NDK makes it possible for developers to easily reuse such legacy code written in C/C++ languages. In this paper, we show the difference in terms of performance between an Android application using native code library from C source and an Android application using the same algorithm written in Java language only. We conducted an experiment on five parts: JNI communication delay, integer calculation, floating-point calculation, memory access algorithm, and heap memory allocation algorithm. This paper presents a guideline for an effective way to use native code libraries in Android applications.
Sangchul Lee 한국재난정보학회 2014 한국재난정보학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.4
중국은 개혁개방이후 경제의 발전과 치안환경 변화에 따라 안전서비스영의 변화와 사회치 안제도의 변화를 수반하게 되어 보안서비스산업이 날로 증가하고 이에따른 문제도 증가를 하고 있는 실정이다. 중국의 보안서비스 시장경제가 활성화 되려면, 우선 보안서비스에 대한 공안기관의 독점을 취 소해야 하고 전람, 전시판매, 문체, 상업 등 활동의 안전보위와 각 종 안전기술 방범상품의 연구개발, 확충과 응용, 안전기술 방범계통 공정의 접속과 그에 상 응한 기술업무의 제공과 보안서비스 업무영역의 확충이 요구 된다. 그리고 보안회사의 행정관리권, 재산권과 경영관리권의 분리를 실행하고 보안본사는 완전 히 시장요구에 따라 각종 자원에 대하여 최적화를 위해 통합조정하며 권리와 소속 관계를 명확히 하고, 경영관리가 통일되고, 자원이 최적화되어 함께 나눌 수 있는 기업실체를 건립 하여 보안서비스 시장에서 경쟁력을 향상시켜야 한다. 또한 이제 시행된 중국의 보안서비스조례를 현실적으로 적용하고 진정한 보안서비스 시장 경제를 활성화 시킬 수 있는 방안을 연구하여 보안서비스 관련 각종 조례를 정비하여 보안 서비스 업무의 특성에 맞도록 정비하여야 할 것이다. 마지막으로 중국은 공안과 보안서비스의 상호협력체계를 구축함에 있어서 공안기관은 보 안서비스가 범죄예방과 사회질서 유지에서의 중요성과 보안서비스회사의 지위를 승인해 주고 보안서비스에 대한 일방적인 지휘와 관리체제에서 벗어나 양자의 동반자 관계를 확립 하고 아직 초보발전단계에 있는 보안서비스업을 긍정적인 태도로 발전 시켜야 한다. With the changing safety services and social order systems accompanied by the economic development and changing public security environment since the Chinese economic reform, the security service industry in China is growing daily and related problems are increasing. For the Chinese security service market to be activated, the monopoly of security services by the public security agencies must be removed. In addition, the research and development, expansion, and applications of safety and crime prevention technologies regarding the safety and protection of exhibition, sales, culture, sports, commerce activities, combinations of safety technologies and crime prevention processes, the provision of relevant technical operations, and the expansion of security service areas are required. Furthermore, the administration rights, property rights, and business management rights of security companies must be separated, the security headquarters must be integrated and coordinated for optimization of various resources solely by market needs, and their rights and affiliation relations must be clear. Besides, the competitiveness of security companies in the security service market must be enhanced by unifying the business management, and optimizing and sharing their resources. The security service ordinances of China that have been implemented now must be applied realistically, methods to activate the true market economy for security services must be researched, and various ordinances related to security services must be realigned in line with the characteristics of security services. Finally, for the mutual cooperation system between public and private security services, the public security agencies must acknowledge the importance of private security services and the status of security service providers in crime prevention and social order maintenance. They must establish partnership relations with each other beyond the unilateral direction and management system for security services and drive with positive attitudes the security service industry which is still in its infancy