朴齊家 利用厚生論의 역사적 의미

박성순(Park, Sung Soon) 역사실학회 2020 역사와실학 Vol.72 No.-

북학론의 성립은 홍대용으로부터 시작되었다. 1603년 이래 조선에 전래된 한역서학서와 세계지도 등에 관심을 갖고 있던 홍대용은 자기 집에 籠水閣을 지어놓고 서양의 과학기술을 응용한 여러 가지 관측기구를 만들어 보관하는 등 모방단계를 거친 후 연행사를 따라 연경에 갈 기회를 얻게 되었다. 홍대용의 뒤를 이어 박지원도 연행의 경험을 통해서 비슷한 생각을 확신하기에 이르렀다. 사실 박지원은 1768년 백탑 부근으로 이사한 이후부터 뜻을 같이 하는 인사들과 동인 집단을 이루어 硏討하는 과정에서 이용후생의 필요성을 절감하고 있었다. 1781년 박지원이 박제가가 쓴『북학의』의 「서문」에서 밝힌 바와 같이, 『북학의』의 내용이 자신이 지은 열하일기와 조금도 어긋나지 않아 마치 한 솜씨에서 나온 것 같았다고 표현한 것은 연암일파 구성원들의 지향이 상호간에 상당한 공감대를 형성하고 있었음을 보여준다. 그런데 박지원과 박제가의 이용후생론은 비단 경제적인 관점에만 초점이 맞춰져 있던 것만은 아니었다. 이용후생으로 민생이 안정되어야지만 백성들의 正德을 해치지 않고, 백성들로 하여금 예절을 알게 할 수 있다는 도덕론적 지향도 함께 바탕에 깔려 있었다. 우리가 북학파의 논리를 오늘 다시금 되짚어보는 이유는 분명하다. 그것은 성리학 절대를 주장했던 철학독재, 사상탄압의 시대에 도덕과 경제(이용후생)의 조화를 주장했던 그들의 혜안이 오늘날에도 절실히 요청되기 때문이다. 뿐만 아니라 북학파가 꿈꿨던 개방적이고 부강하며 도덕적으로 고양된 사회가 바로 우리가 꿈꾸는 사회와 맞닿아 있기 때문이다. 박제가의 이용후생론은 그것을 분명하게 보여준다. Northern Learning was started from Hong Dae-yong. Hong Dae-yong had interest in Western books translated in Chinese characters and world maps come in Joseon Dynasty after 1603 on, built a storehouse called in Nongsugak and stored many observation tools applied Western technology. After this period he gained a chance to travel to Peking in the entourage of a Joseon embassy. After Hong, Park Ji-won also had similar thought through traveling to Paking. In fact Park Ji-won felt keenly the need of “economic enrichment” through colloquy between his friends after his moving to around of White Pagoda in 1768. As Park Ji-won represented his idea in preface of Discourse on Northern Learning(Bukhak eui) in 1781, he thought that the contents of Discourse on Northern Learning was same as his Jehol Diary(Yeorha ilgi). It represents that Park"s friends altogether aimed for “economic enrichment". However the “economic enrichment" theory of Park Ji-won and Park Jae-ga just didn"t focus on economic aspect. They attached importance to the fact that “economic enrichment" would make humankind moral. The reason for us to check the theory of Northern Learning school is obvious. Because the balance of economy and morality needs in society of nowadays.

도시의 모험놀이터‘플레이파크’에 관한 고찰

신순호(Shin Soon Ho),박성현(Park Sung Hyun) 한국도시행정학회 2011 도시 행정 학보 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study is to suggest a preliminary data based upon implications from the analysis of Japan’ s Play Park that how we could introduce Play Park in the urban environment. With this in mind, We have looked at the concept of Play Park, the history of Play Park, and the role of Play Park. After that, We have examined “Hanegi Play Park”, which is known for the most advanced model in Japan, based on the following analytical frameworks. First of all, We identified geographic characteristics (location, area, space, facilities, and tools), and then looked into utilization(number of users, age of users, and contents of play), operating structure(operating system and solidarity), and operating contents and method(finance, safety, program, and insurance). In order to enhance the accuracy of research, We have used the different way of research according to its characteristics such as geographic characteristics with observation and utilization, operating structure, and operating contents and method with interview. After analyses, We have found out that a few thing were shall be considered before it introduced Play Park in urban environment. First, Play Park did not require special components such as condition of site and man-made structures, therefore We suggested that we should consider trying the existing park that hardly uses or becomes obsolete on a trial basis. Second, We suggested that we need to take account of operating solidarity in order to make the best use of Play Park. In other words, it shall be an organic cooperation system that local government limits their role to provide only place and finance, while residents could take charge of Play Park operation and all other matters as a “trust”way. Last but not least, it should be discussed how to raise funds. In case of “Hanegi Play Park”, it consists of two parts with ratio of 3:1; consignment fee from local government and earnings from own business. We, however, need to discuss whether this ratio is reasonable or not. It is more desirable to raise funds through own business as much as possible rather than local government financial support.

勉菴 崔益鉉의 心主理說 硏究 : 尤庵 宋時烈의 心說에 대한 그의 態度를 중심으로

朴性淳(Park Sung-soon) 고려사학회 2007 한국사학보 Vol.- No.27

조선 말기 衛正斥邪運動의 대표 세력인 華西學派는 宋時烈을 自派의 道統 淵源으로 내세우기를 주저하지 않았다. 화서학파의 首長인 李恒老가 ‘孔子-朱子-宋子’로 이어지는 道統觀을 수립한 이래, 화서학파는 이항로를 직접 송시열의 뒤에 연결시키는 그들만의 독특한 도통관을 정립하였다. 그러나 이러한 도통관이 다분히 恣意的인 것이라는 점은 의심의 여지가 없다. 學統上으로나 學說上으로 화서학파는 오히려 노론 洛學派의 명맥을 계승하였기 때문이다. 송시열을 영수로 하는 이른바 尤庵學派가 權尙夏 - 韓元震으로 이어지면서 이항로가 살던 경기도 楊根과는 거리가 먼 충청도 학계를 대표하는 湖學派로 자리매김했다는 점은 상식에 속한다. 더욱이 화서학파의 영수 이 항로가 주창한 心主理說은 송시열의 心卽氣說과는 완전한 대척점에 서 있었다. 이항로의 제자인 崔益鉉은 송시열을 尊華攘夷論의 상징적 인물로서 높이는 한편으로, 그의 심즉기설을 공개적으로 비판하였다. 그리고 송시열의 심즉기설을 편든 자신의 同門 선배인 유중교에 대해서도 가혹하리만큼 매몰찬 비판을 숨기지 않았다. 그것은 스승인 이항로의 心主理說에 대한 확고한 신념 때문이었다. 최익현의 송시열에 대한 양면적 태도를 통해서, 지금까지 피상적으로만 인식되어져 온 화서학파의 對宋時烈觀을 해명하고, 이항로의 心主理說이 지닌 역사적 위상을 가늠해 보고자 한다. As a symbolic nucleus of the so-called "Depending Orthodoxy and Rejecting Heterodoxy" movement in the late nineteenth century, the Hwaseo School(華西學派) scholars contended that their scholastic father was Song Si-yeol. They indeed held fast to their own view that their academic pedigree was linked directly with Song Si-yeol through Yi Hang-no, one of the most renowned later disciples of Song and the very person who made out their own genealogy of Confucianism, starting from Confucius down to Zhu Xi and Song Si-yeol. It is hard, however, to take it at its word because the Hwaseo School basically succeeded to Nakhak School(洛學派), a branch of the Patriarch's Faction (Noron), in terms of the academic pedigree and their interpretation of human mind. It is well known among scholars that the Dam School(尤庵學派), which comprised of Song Si-yeol and his disciples, was succeeded by the Hohak School(湖學派), whose power base was located in Chungcheong Province and led by leading scholars such as Kwon Sang-ha and Han Won-jin. It is also well known that the theory of simjuri(心主理), which literally means that the subject of human mind is li(理), cannot be compatible with the theory of simjkgi(心卽氣), which literally means that the human mind is qi(氣). Interestingly enough, however, the former theory was developed by Yi Hang-no, while the latter by Song Si-yeol What is more, Choi Ik-hyeon, a disciple of Yi, criticized Song's theory of simjkgi even though he still paid honor to Song as a paragon of the "Depending Orthodoxy and Rejecting Heterodoxy" thought. Choi also criticized Yu Jung-gyo, a senior of the Hwaseo School, for his defending Song's theory of simjkgi. Choi's criticism of Song and Yu suggests that he was fully supporting Yi's theory of simjuri. By examining Choi's ambivalent attitude to Song, this paper provides new understanding of Hwaseo School's view of Song and the historical significance of Yi's theory of Simjuri.

Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4

The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.

부추 전용 포장 결속기 개발

김용석(Yong-Seok Kim),박성희(Sung-Hee Park),박태표(Te-Pyo Park),양순용(Soon-Young Yang) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

An Allium-odorum is difficult material to handling, because it is soft and weak as mechanical. For bundling work of allium-odorum, we must grip in the bundle shape of unit weight, however, it is difficult that grip allium-odorum by hand because the bundle bulk is very big. Especially, in packing work, the bundle shape of allium-odorum package than other vegetables is very important, because difference of a price becomes much according to the bundle shape. In this paper, we propose bundling mechanism for a quadrangle shape in bundle shape, and semi-automatic bundling mechanism that makes use of a eccentric roller and a triangularity link. We carry out mechanical modeling and analysing respectively using the CATIA V5 and SimDesigner. We manufactured the prototype of the semi-automatic bundling machine, and got satisfied result through field test. And this machine will be commercialized and announced soon.

채소 자동결속기의 개발(II) : 시제품제작 및 성능검증

김용석,박성호,양순용,Kim, Yong-Seok,Park, Sung-Ho,Yang, Soon-Young 한국생산제조학회 2009 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.26 No.3

In this paper, it has been proposed an automatic vegetable bundling mechanism that makes use of heat melt sticking. The proposed mechanism is consisted of three modules for the rationality of manufacture. Design specification has been determined by the bundling mechanism that was optimized mechanically. And, it has been manufactured the prototype of the automatic bundling machine. It has been carried out directly the field test for verification of performance in farmhouse which produces vegetable. In field test, this bundling machine showed efficiency of about 3.6 times than the manual working by manpower, and other performance it got satisfied result. This automatic vegetable-bundling machine was already registered as the agricultural machine. and This machine will be commercialized soon.

서울 월드컵공원의 고등균류 분포상

석순자 ( Soon Ja Seok ),진용주 ( Yong Ju Jin ),유기범 ( Ki Bum Yoo ),권순우 ( Soon Woo Kwon ),박인철 ( In Cheol Park ),이상엽 ( Sang Yeob Lee ),김양섭 ( Yang Sup Kim ) 한국균학회 2014 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.42 No.4

This survey was conducted in order to clarify the species diversity and distribution of mushrooms at Worldcup Park in Seoul, from May to November 2010 and 2014. In the survey, a total of 98 taxa, 98 species, 86 genera, 38 families, 12 orders, three classes, and two phyla were identified. A total of 250 specimens of Mushrooms were collected from Pyonghwa Park and 63 species, 71 genera, 36 families, 13 orders, three classes, and two phyla were identified. Coprinus atramentarius and Psathyrella candolleana were high in frequency, as ten times and nine times, respectively. In Noeul Park, 102 specimens were collected, 41 species, 42 genera, 19 families, 19 orders, two classes, and two phyla were identified. In Noeul Park mostly layed with lawn, Agrocybe semiorbicularis and Agaricus campestris were high in frequency, as ten times and nine times, respectively. There were no mushrooms in succession during three years. In Haneul Park, a total of 128 specimens of mushrooms were collected. 49 species, 57 genera, 30 families, 11 orders, three classes, and two phyla were identified. Agrocybe semiorbicularis and Phallus rugulosus were high in frequency, as four times. In Nanjicheon Park, a total of 68 specimens of mushrooms were collected. 31 species, 34 genera, 30 families, nine orders, one class, and one phylum were identified. Coprinus atramentarius and Psathyrella velutina were high in frequency, as three times. Investigation on the diversity of mushrooms at the Worldcup Park, piled up with the city``s waste, will be of the great significance in the aspect of the ecological change. All specimens examined in this work are preserved in HCCN (Herbarium Conservation Center of National Academy of Agricultural Science).

Subacute Oral Toxicity Study of Korean Red Ginseng Extract in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Park, Sang-Jin,Lim, Kwang-Hyun,Noh, Jeong-Ho,Jeong, Eun Ju,Kim, Yong-Soon,Han, Byung-Cheol,Lee, Seung-Ho,Moon, Kyoung-Sik Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2013 Toxicological Research Vol.29 No.4

Ginseng is a well-known traditional medicine used in Asian countries for several thousand years, and it is currently applied to medicine, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements due to its many healing and energygiving properties. It is well demonstrated that ginsenosides, the main ingredient of ginseng, produce a variety of pharmacological and therapeutic effects on central nerve system (CNS) disorders, cardiovascular disease, endocrine secretions, aging, and immune function. Korean red ginseng extract is a dietary supplement containing ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rg1 extracted from Panax ginseng. While the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the extract have been well established, its toxicological properties remain obscure. Thus, four-week oral toxicity studies in rats were conducted to investigate whether Korean red ginseng extract could have a potential toxicity to humans. The test article was administered once daily by oral gavage to four groups of male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at dose levels of 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg/day for four weeks. Neither deaths nor clinical symptoms were observed in any group during the experiment. Furthermore, no abnormalities in body weight, food consumption, ophthalmology, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, gross findings, organ weights, or histopathology were revealed related to the administration of the test article in either sex of any dosed group. Therefore, a target organ was not determined in this study, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Korean red ginseng extract was established to be 2,000 mg/kg/day.

The effects of gamma irradiation on the survival and development of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae

Soon-Hyung Lee(이순형),Yang-Hee Park(박양희),Woon-Mok Sohn(손운목),Sung-Tae Hong(홍성태),Jong-Yil Chai(채종일) 대한기생충학열대의학회 1989 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.27 No.3

Inhibitory Effects of Phylligenin on the Proliferation of Cultured Rat Neural Progenitor Cells

( Sung Hoon Lee ),( Hyo Sang Go ),( Chang Soon Choi ),( Jae Hoon Cheong ),( Sun Young Han ),( Ki Hwan Bae ),( Kwang Ho Ko ),( Seung Hwa Park ) 한국응용약물학회 2010 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.18 No.1