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      • Comparison of Clinical Stage and Pathologic Stage in Patients with Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer

        ( Hye Ran Gwon ),( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Seong Yong Park ),( Seung Hyun Yong ),( A La Woo ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Yeong Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

        Background Clinical staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is based on radiologic and bronchoscopic finding and mediastinoscopy in the past. Currently, several new techniques including positron emission tomography (PET), endobronchial untrasoundtrnasbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) are available. There is no comparative analysis of clinical stage and pathologic stage after new techniques has been introduced for clinical staging work up. Methods We did a retrospective analysis of 820 patients with NSCLC those who have done curative surgery in Severance hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. The eighth edition of the American Joint Commission of Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system for NSCLC was used in this study. Results Among 820 patients, most common clinical stage was stage I (671, 81.8%) and most common cancer was adenocarcinoma (680, 83%). For clinical staging work up, EBUS was performed in 265 (32.3%) and PET-CT was performed in 820 (100%) patients. There were 563 (68.7%) patients whose clinical TNM stage and pathologic TNM stage are concurred. When comparing T stage, 637 (77.7%) patients showed matched clinical and pathologic staging. Clinical N stage and pathologic N stage are same in 701 (85.5%) patients. Conclusions The agreement between the clinical stage and the pathologic stage is improved after new diagnostic Methods such as PET, EBUS-TBNA has been introduced for a clinical staging work up.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        온실지붕 차광과 수막 수준에 따른 냉방효과 분석

        김영복(Young-Bok Kim),박중춘(Joong-Chun Park),이승규(Seung-Kyu Lee),김성태(Sung-Tae Kim),나우정(Woo-Jung La),허무룡(Moo-Ryong Huh),정성우(Sung-Woo Jeong) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2006 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.15 No.4

        하절기 온실재배가 늘어나고 적극적인 온실냉방에 필요해짐에 따라 저비용의 냉방법 개발이 매우 중요해졌다. 경제적인 냉방법을 개발하기 위하여 차광율 수준과 물흘림의 상태가 냉각효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 실험분석을 위해 온실모형 모듈을 제작하여 차광율수준과 물흘림수준을 조합 변화시켜가며 경시별 측정을 수행하고 변수의 수준별로 비교분석하였다. 1. 외기건구온도가 상승하면 모듈실내온도도 상승하는 경향이며, 차광막이 있고 물흘림이 있으면 대체적으로 외기온보다는 낮고 물온도보다는 높은 수준을 나타내고 있다. 한편, 물흘림이 없는 경우에는 치광율의 수준간 건구온도변화가 크지 않은 것으로 나타나고 있다. 물흘림이 없이 차광막만 있는 경우 차광율의 수준이 35%에서 75%로 높아질수록 평균내부온도는 낮아졌지만 외부보다는 1.7~4℃ 정도의 높은 온도를 나타내었다. 그러나 물흘림과 차광이 동시에 이루어지는 경우 전체적으로 외부온도보다 낮은 가운데 그 차이가 -0.2~-1.2℃ 정도로 외기평균보다 낮게 나타났다. 그러나 물흘림 수준에 따라서는 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 물흘림은 골고루 분포되도록 분무해 줄 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 공급되는 물의 온도는 실내용도에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 차광율수준이 높을 수록 모듈내 흑구온도는 낮게 나타났다. 그러나 치광막만 설치하여서는 외부의 복사광 차단에 의한 냉각효과를 기대하기 어려우며 차광막과 함께 물흘림을 병행해야 복사광 차단과 함께 복사 냉각효과를 함께 얻을 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 물흘림이 있는 경우 표면온도는 수온이하이거나 수온보다 높더라도 1.2℃ 이상을 넘지 않았으며, 차광수준이 높을수록 표면온도는 더 낮게 나타났다. 그 이유는 물의 증발냉각에 의해 표면이 냉각되기 때문으로 분석되었다. 필름표면온도의 평균은 차광막의 수준에 관계없이 비교적 일정한 값을 나타내었으나 물흘림이 없는 경우 차광율의 수준이 놓을 수록 평균온도는 높게 나타났던 바 이는 차광에 의해 외부 복사광이 차광막에 흡수되었기 때문으로 판단되었다. 4. 상대습도는 건구온도가 증가함에 따라 비교적 직선적으로 하강하였으며, 이는 수분의 공급이 따로 이루 어지지 않는 한 절대습도가 일정하기 때문에 건구온도가 상승하면 자연스럽게 하강하게 되는 것으로 판단되었다. 차광막에 있거나 물흘림이 있는 경우에는 외기건구온도의 영향에는 영향을 받지 않고 모듈내 건구온도에 따라 변하는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the effect of the shade level, water flow rate applied to the shades and the temperature of water on the greenhouse cooling was investigated depending on the shade level of 0, 35, 55, 75%, and water flow rate and water temperature by the test on the small wooden frames to find out the low cost cooling method. With increasing of the dry bulb temperature of outside air, the dry bulb temperature in the wooden frames increased. For the frames with the shade and water, inside temperatures of the frames were lower of -0.2~-1.2℃ than the temperature of the outside air and higher than the water temperature. For the frames without water, inside temperatures of the frames were higher of 1.7~4℃ than the outside and not affected by the shade level very much. The water flow rate and the temperature of the water were not the important factors to decrease the inside temperatures in the frames. The black globe temperature became lower with increasing of shade level. The shade frames with water curtain showed the best cooling effect because of reducing thermal radiation and cooling the plastic film cover. The surface temperatures of the plastic film cover for the water supplied modules became lower with increasing of the shade level. The relative humidity was decreased with the dry bulb temperature in the frame increasing and not affected by the dry bulb temperature of the outside air for the frames with the shade and water.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • 위 MALT 림프종에서 다발성 림프절 전이로 오인된 동시성 림프절 결핵 1예

        김성은,김규종,김도현,송준영,문대성,장리라,유찬희,문원,박무인,박선자,김영옥 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.2

        28세 남자가 내시경적 점막절제술을 통해 저등급 위MALT 림프종으로 진단되었다. 병기설정을 위해 18F-FDG PET 검사를 시행하였고 우측 쇄골상부, 우측상/하부 기관주위, AP window 부위에 강한 섭취가 관찰되어 전이성 림프절로 판단하였다. 그러나, 우측 쇄골상부 림프절에서 시행한 절제생검에서 만성육아종성염증소견이 관찰되었고 조직의 결핵 중합효소연쇄반응에서도 양성 반응을 보였다. 2개월간 항결핵제의 사용 후 시행한 추적 컴퓨터단층촬영 검사에서 림프절 크기의 감소를 보여 최종적으로 위 MALT 림프종에서 광범위 림프절 전이로 오인된 동시성 림프절 결핵으로 진단되었다. A 28-year-old man was diagnosed as gastric MALT lymphoma in diagnostic EMR (endoscopic mucosal resection). He subsequently underwent an 18F-FDG PET. 18F-FDG PET showed intense multifocal uptake in right supraclavicular, right upper and lower paratracheal, and AP window areas that was considered radiologically to represent widespread metastatic lymphadenopathy. Excisional biopsy of a supraclavicular lymph node, however, revealed chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis with a positive reaction of Tb-nested PCR. After antituberculosis treatment for 2 months, a follow-up CT scan showed complete resolution of the lesions. Intense 18F-FDG uptake could be due to an infectious process such as synchronous tuberculous lymphadenitis. Therefore, this could mimic a malignant condition such as lymphoma with extensive lymph node metastasis due to a false-positive finding, which may lead to a misdiagnosis.

      • 農漁村地域社會 住民의 協同的 價値觀 樹立을 爲한 試案에 關한 硏究

        羅博,曺武成 광운대학교 1972 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

        There have been made some discussions and insistences that the most serious problem in Korea is "Modernization" with relation to the national development or the nation building, and the modernization of Korea will not be accomplished without that of the rural communities. As a matter of fact, the modernization task in the rural communities seems to be a condition precedent among many conditions in a transitional society like Korea. The concept, "Modernization" has been sometimes dealt with the same meaning of terms as national development or an economic development and a political modernization in nation building. However, the concept of "Modernization" or "Development" in Korean society gives impetous to an great awakening of its constituents, while on the other, they seem wrongly understood that concept as "Westernization" or "Industrialization" of their local communities. Modernization means, I believe, the process of change in the various aspects of spiritual and material phenomena. In accordance with the above mentioned, the modernization in the rural communities should cannot the change of the various problems, and before anything else, the change of thoughts, attitudes and values of the inhabitants will be preceded. And also to exploit their intellectual faculties will be accomplished too. It is because that social change may be mainly caused and be related to a functional formula by belief system and value orientations of its inhabitants. Besides personal factor in the nation development or the nation building is inclined to be considered as an important matter among the other factors, and at the same time, the establishment of value orientation by the inhabitants is an urgent problem which the most developing countries have confronted. In transitional society, the assumption that its constituents' traditional and closed belief system will be slowly changed into the modern and open and through harmonizing with the existing ethical system rests on the fact that value system of human beings will build up more rational progressive social change on the open belief system. Therefore, if there is a way to change the inhabitants' way of thinking into more rational and scientific orientation, their attitudes and value-orientation will bring modernity which keeps the better environment and their need for achievement toward a sustained growth of national development will be realized along with. At present, in our rural communities, the cooperative organizations (in forms by formal or informal organization), which are mostly based upon the inhabitants' cooperative consciousness and perpetual ties, should undertake to realize need for developing the local communities and to build up the national identity by an imposed value or a derived value. For solving those problems there, may be suggested the new approaches; to unify the present cooperative organizations into the frame as "New community Farm." And "New Community Farm" may be build up through re-organizing the lower administrative unit, Ri(里) or Dong(洞) as a strategic unit for national reconstruction. "New Community Farm" will control the inhabitants' need for achievement, strengthen the perpetual ties among Korean people and realize the national identity with the present operating "New Community Movement."

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