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Naphthalene diimide-based small molecule acceptors for fullerene-free organic solar cells
Sung, Min Jae,Huang, Minjuan,Moon, Sang Hun,Lee, Tack Ho,Park, Song Yi,Kim, Jin Young,Kwon, Soon-Ki,Choi, Hyosung,Kim, Yun-Hi Elsevier 2017 SOLAR ENERGY -PHOENIX ARIZONA THEN NEW YORK- Vol.150 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Non-fullerene acceptors have attracted great attention as an alternative to fullerene derivatives to overcome their disadvantages such as limited molecular design due to fullerene moiety, electronic tuning via structural modification, and weak absorption in the visible range. In this work, we design a new class of naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based small molecule acceptors by introducing an NDI central core unit and A-D-A-D-A-type moiety. The NDI-TR is a promising material as an electron acceptor for OSCs because of many advantages including high electron affinity and electron mobility, and well-matched energy levels with polymer donors. The device based on NDI-TR had the highest fill factor (0.69) and power conversion efficiency (3.07%) among fullerene-free organic solar cells with NDI small molecule acceptors. This high device efficiency may be attributed to improved charge transport and minimized bimolecular recombination due to the smooth surface roughness and pronounced face-on orientation of polymer backbones in the bulk heterojunction film.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We synthesized new class of NDI-based small molecule acceptors. </LI> <LI> NDI-based small molecule acceptors have many advantages including high electron affinity and electron mobility, and well-matched energy levels with polymer donors. </LI> <LI> The device with NDI-TR had the highest FF and PCE among fullerene-free organic solar cells with NDI small molecule acceptors. </LI> <LI> Improved charge transport and minimized bimolecular recombination by smooth surface roughness and pronounced face-on orientation of polymer backbones resulted in high device efficiency. </LI> </UL> </P>
Sung-Gyu Lee,Shin Hwang,Tae Yong Ha,Gi Won Song,Dong-Hwan Jung,Gil-Chun Park,Chul-Soo Ahn,Deok-Bog Moon,Ki Hun Kim,Young-In Yoon,Yo Han Park,Hui-Dong Cho,Yong-Kyu Chung,Sang-Hyun Kang,Jin-Uk Choi,Sung 대한이식학회 2019 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.33 No.4
Background: Autologous portal vein Y-graft (PYG) interposition has been the standard procedure for reconstruction of double portal vein (PV) orifices of right liver grafts during living donor liver transplantations. However, it has the disadvantage of being vulnerable to anastomotic stenosis. A refined technique of conjoined unification venoplasty (CUV) was developed to secure PV reconstruction. Methods: We reviewed the surgical outcomes in PV reconstructions using CUVs in 21 cases which were followed up for >3 years. Results: The mean age of recipients was 51.7±4.9 years. The model for end-stage liver disease score was 15.3±6.4. The graft-recipient weight ratio was 1.12±0.21. Recipient PYGs were harvested in all cases. All living donors were blood relatives or relatives through marriage with type III PV anomalies. The number of right liver graft PV orifices was two in 19 cases and three in two cases. For the central intervening vein patch, a PV segment was used in six cases, and an autologous greater saphenous vein patch was used in the remaining 15 cases. The 21 patient cohort displayed a 100% 4-year patient survival rate. None of them underwent any PV interventions including interventional stenting. Serial follow-up computed tomography scans revealed that the reconstructed PV showed early reshaping with a stable streamlined configuration for over 3 years. Conclusions: PV reconstruction using the CUV technique appears to be significantly more effective in preventing PV complications. We believe that CUV is a useful technique to reconstruct right liver grafts with multiple PV orifices.
An Efficient Technique to Protect AES Secret Key from Scan Test Channel Attacks
Song, Jae-Hoon,Jung, Tae-Jin,Jung, Ji-Hun,Park, Sung-Ju The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2012 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.12 No.3
Scan techniques are almost mandatorily adopted in designing current System-on-a-Chip (SoC) to enhance testability, but inadvertently secret keys can be stolen through the scan test channels of crypto SoCs. An efficient scan design technique is proposed in this paper to protect the secret key of an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) core embedded in an SoC. A new instruction is added to IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan to use a fake key instead of user key, in which the fake key is chosen with meticulous care to improve the testability as well. Our approach can be implemented as user defined logic with conventional boundary scan design, hence no modification is necessary to any crypto IP core. Conformance to the IEEE 1149.1 standards is completely preserved while yielding better performance of area, power, and fault coverage with highly robust protection of the secret user key.
Cardiovascular beriberi: rare cause of reversible pulmonary hypertension
Song, Joon Hyuk,Cheon, Sang Soo,Bae, Myung Hwan,Lee, Jang Hoon,Yang, Dong Heon,Park, Hun Sik,Cho, Yongkeun,Chae, Shung Chull Yeungnam University College of Medicine 2014 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.31 No.1
Cardiovascular beriberi is caused by thiamine deficiency and usually presents as high cardiac output failure associated with predominantly right-sided heart failure and rapid recovery after treatment with thiamine. Because of its rarity in developed countries, the diagnosis can often be delayed and missed. We recently experienced a case of cardiovascular beriberi with pulmonary hypertension which successfully treated with thiamine infusion. A 50-year-old man with chronic heavy alcoholics was refered to our department for dyspnea with mental change. Echocardiography showed marked right ventricular (RV) dilatation and flattening of the interventricular septum with a D-shaped deformation of the left ventricle. Moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation was found and estimated RV systolic pressure was 52 mm Hg. Because of his confused mentality and history of chronic alcohol intake, neurological disorder due to thiamine deficiency was suspected and intravenous thiamine was administered and he continuously received a daily dose of 100 mg of thiamine. Follow up echocardiography showed marked reduction of RV dilatation and improvement of a D-shaped deformation of the left ventricle. He finally diagnosed as cardiovascular beriberi on the basis of dramatic response to intravenous thiamine. Thiamine deficiency can cause reversible pulmonary hypertension, and can still be encountered in the clinical setting. Thus high index of suspicion is critically needed for diagnosis.
Song, Seung-Hun,Kim, Dong Suk,Shim, Sung Han,Lim, Jung Jin,Yang, Seung Choul The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2016 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.43 No.1
Objective: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and the usage of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for ED treatment in infertile couples. Methods: A total of 260 male partners in couples reporting infertility lasting at least 1 year were included in this study. In addition to an evaluation of infertility, all participants completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 questionnaire to evaluate their sexual function. The participants were asked about their use of PDE5 inhibitors while trying to conceive during their partner's ovulatory period and about their concerns regarding the risks of PDE5 inhibitor use to any eventual pregnancy and/or the fetus. Results: Based on the IIEF-5 questionnaire, 41.5% of the participants (108/260) were classified as having mild ED (an IIEF-5 score of 17-21), while 10.4% of the participants (27/260) had greater than mild ED (an IIEF-5 score of 16 or less). The majority (74.2%, 193/260) of male partners of infertile couples had a negative perception of the safety of using a PDE5 inhibitor while trying to conceive. Only 11.1% of men (15/135) with ED in infertile couples had used a PDE5 inhibitor when attempting conception. Conclusion: ED was found to be common in the male partners of infertile couples, but the use of PDE5 inhibitors among these men was found to be very low. The majority of male partners were concerned about the risks of using PDE5 inhibitors when attempting to conceive. Appropriate counseling about this topic and treatment when necessary would likely be beneficial to infertile couples in which the male partner has ED.
Sang Hak Yoon,Sung Min Ju,Nam Su Kim,Sung Cheol Park,Jin Young Park,Sung Hoon Kim,Yung Sun Song,Byung Hun Jeon 한의병리학회 2006 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.20 No.5
The root and rhizomes of Nardostachys chinensis belonging to the family Valerianaceae has been used for medicinal therapy in Korean traditional medicine. The parts have been especially used to elicit stomachic and sedative effects. Our previous studies reported that the water extract of N. chinensis has induced granulocytic differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. The Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of various cellular responses, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways on the HL-60 cell differentiation induced by N. chinensis. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) increased time-dependently in differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by N. chinensis. Activation of p38 increased slightly at 24 h after N. chinensis treatment, but activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was unaffected. Inhibitor of ERK (PD98059) significantly reduced NBT reduction activity induced by N. chinensis in HL-60 cells. In contrast, p38 inhibitor (SB203580) did not inhibit the cell differentiation. These results indicated that activaiton of ERK may be involved in HL-60 cell differentiation induced by N. chinensis.