Occupational Lung Cancer Surveillance in South Korea, 2006-2009

Leem, Jong-Han,Kim, Hwan-Cheol,Ryu, Jeong-Seon,Won, Jong-Uk,Moon, Jai-Dong,Kim, Young-Chul,Koh, Sang-Baek,Yong, Suk-Joong,Kim, Soo-Geun,Park, Jae-Yong,Kim, In-Ah,Kim, Jung-Il,Kim, Jung-Won,Lee, Eui-Ch Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2010 Safety and health at work Vol.1 No.2

Objectives: The lung cancer mortality in Korea has increased remarkably during the last 20 years, and has been the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths since 2000. The aim of the current study was to examine the time trends of occupational lung cancer and carcinogens exposure during the period 2006-2009 in South Korea, by assessing the proportion of occupational burden. Methods: We defined occupational lung cancer for surveillance, and developed a reporting protocol and reporting website for the surveillance of occupational lung cancer. The study patients were chosen from 9 participating university hospitals in the following 7 areas: Seoul, Incheon, Wonju, Daejeon, Daegu, Busan, and Gwangju. Results: The combined proportion of definite and probable occupational lung cancer among all lung cancers investigated in this study was 10.0%, 8.6%, 10.7%, and 15.8% in the years 2006 to 2009, respectively, with an average of 11.7% over the four-year study period. The main carcinogens were asbestos, crystalline silica, radon, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), diesel exhaust particles, chromium, and nickel. Conclusion: We estimated that about 11.7% of the incident lung cancer was preventable. This reveals the potential to considerably reduce lung cancer by intervention in occupational fields.

GPS 상시관측소에 의한 세계측지계 산출좌표의 성과 비교

임현석(Leem Hyun Seok),홍성언(Hong Sung Eon),송근필(Song Geun Pil),강원효(Kang Won Hyo) 한국지적학회 2008 한국지적학회지 Vol.24 No.1

  본 연구의 목적은 경상남도 권역에 있는 GPS 상시관측소를 이용하여 산출한 세계좌측지계 성과를 비교 분석하여 경상남도 권역의 세계측지계 성과 산출시 GPS 상시관측소의 활용 방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 연구 목적을 효율적으로 달성하기 위해 경상남도 권역의 GPS 상시관측소 6개소를 상시관측망으로 설정하였으며, 상시관측망을 기준으로 산출한 세계측지계 성과를 최적의 성과 기준으로 설정하였다.<BR>  연구결과, 경상남도 권역의 안정적인 세계측지계 성과를 산출하기 위해서는 경상남도 권역에 분포된 GPS 상시관측소의 배치밀도와 관측지역별 지리적인 위치를 고려하여 관측지역을 가장 안정적으로 커버리지 할 수 있는 상시관측소 4개소를 기준으로 세계측지계 성과를 산출하는 방안을 바람직한 방향으로 제시하였다.   The purpose of this study is to present application of GPS Permanent Stations in Gyoungsangnam-do, for compare and analyze the World Geodetic Datum coordinates computed by using GPS Permanent Stations located Gyoungsangnam-do. To achieve the above study purpose efficiently, 6 GPS Permanent Stations located Gyoungsangnam-do is set up Permanent Stations Network and the optimum conditions is the World Geodetic Datum Coordinates computed by using GPS Permanent Stations Network.<BR>  As a result of study, In order to compute stable World Geodetic Datum Coordinates in Gyoungsangnam-do, The desirable application is to compute 4 GPS Permanent Stations Network covered survey region, considering arrange density of GPS Permanent Stations and geographical positions of survey region.

Neurofeedback self-regulating training in patients with post traumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial study protocol

Jungtae Leem,정문주,Sang-hoon Yoon,Hyunho Kim,Hee-Geun Jo,Hyeryun Lee,Jeesu Kim,Hyang Yi Kim,Geun-Woo Kim,Hyung Won Kang 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.4

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become an important public health problem. However, the conventional therapeutic strategy, including pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, has limitations. Neurofeedback is a technique that utilizes electroencephalography (EEG) signaling to monitor human physiological functions and is widely used to treat patients with PTSD. The purpose of our study is to assess the efficacy and safety level of neurofeedback treatment in patients with PTSD using quantitative EEG. Methods: This is a randomized, waitlist-controlled, assessor-blinded, clinical trial. Forty-six patients with PTSD will be randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio into two groups. The participants in the treatment group will receive neurofeedback treatment for 50 min, twice a week, for 8 weeks (16 sessions). Quantitative EEG will be utilized to monitor the physiological functions and brain waves of the participants. A four-week follow-up period is planned. The participants in the control group will wait for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the Korean version of PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5-K) score. The PCL-5-K scores on week 8 will be compared between the two groups. Anxiety, depression, insomnia, emotions, EEG, quality-of-life, and safety level will be assessed as secondary outcomes. Discussion: This trial will describe a clinical research methodology for neurofeedback in patients with PTSD. The numerous subjective and objective secondary outcomes add to the value of this trial’s results. It will also suggest a therapeutic strategy for utilizing quantitative EEG in patients with PTSD. Our trial will provide basic evidence for the management of PTSD via an integrative treatment. Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS): KCT0003271.

Gecko proteins induce the apoptosis of bladder cancer 5637 cells by inhibiting Akt and activating the intrinsic caspase cascade

( Geun Young Kim ),( Soon Yong Park ),( Ara Jo ),( Mira Kim ),( Sun Hee Leem ),( Woo Jin Jun ),( Sang In Shim ),( Sang Chul Lee ),( Jin Woong Chung ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.9

Gecko proteins have long been used as anti-tumor agents in oriental medicine, without any scientific background. Although anti-tumor effects of Gecko proteins on several cancers were recently reported, their effect on bladder cancer has not been investigated. Thus, we explored the anti-tumor effect of Gecko proteins and its cellular mechanisms in human bladder cancer 5637 cells. Gecko proteins significantly reduced the viability of 5637 cells without any cytotoxic effect on normal cells. These proteins increased the Annexin-V staining and the amount of condensed chromatin, demonstrating that the Gecko proteinsinduced cell death was caused by apoptosis. Gecko proteins suppressed Akt activation, and the overexpression of constitutively active form of myristoylated Akt prevented Gecko proteins-induced death of 5637 cells. Furthermore, Gecko proteins activated caspase 9 and caspase 3/7. Taken together, our data demonstrated that Gecko proteins suppressed the Akt pathway and activated the intrinsic caspase pathway, leading to the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(9): 531-536]

뇌지주막하 출혈환자에서 입원양상 및 치료경과에 대한 최근 5년 간격의 차이에 대한 비교 분석 : 1987년~1992년

김근창,김국기,김형두,임영진,김태성,이봉암,임언 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.12

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a neurosurgical emergency. Early and intensive medical intervention is important for minimizing the occurrence of rebleeding and vasospasm. The purpose of this study was to document and compare the admission or referral pattern, management outcome and attitude of the general public of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) patients over a five year interval of 1987 and 1992. The authors analzyed 229 SAH cases diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT) or lumbar puncture ; 106 cases diagnosed in 1987 were compared to 123 cases diagnosed in 1992. The results of the study showed that 1) the performance rate of angiography and operation have increased in 1992 as compared to 1987. 2) Early admission rate(within 0∼1 day after the onset of SAH) have increased in 1992(84%) as compared to 1987(38%), and delayed admission rate(more than 2 days after the onset of SAH) have decreased in 1992 as compared to 1987. 3) Overall management mortality have decreased from 34% to 20% and operative mortality, from 12% to 4% in 1987 and in 1992, respectirely. It is concluded that the rate of early admission and operation of SAH patients have increased and operative results and overall management outcome of such patients have improved in 1992 as compared to 1987.

급성 뇌경색증에서 항응고제나 혈전 용해제 사용후 발생한 급성 뇌경막하혈종

김근창,임영진,김형두,김태성,김국기,이봉암,임언 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.1

Patients with cardiogenic embolic stroke may experlence an early, recurrent cerebral embolism. Fortunately, limited evidence suggests that anticoagulatory agents or thrombolytic agents may prevent recurrent cardiogenic emboli and halt progression of so-called “progressing stroke”. However, because of the possibility of the intracerebral hemorrhage, use of such agents has generally been considered cautiously with timing, dosage and patient selection. Serious complications of anticoagulation for presumed embolic stroke are hemorrhage in the area of infarction. We experienced two patients with nonseptic cerebral embolism of cardiac origin. They were managed with anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy, but resulted in clinical deterioration or death from spontaneous subdural hemorrhage. In each patient, an initial CT scan excluded the presence of hemorrhage but a second CT scan after clinical deterioration, documented subdural hemorrhage.

자기 자극법에 의한 운동 유발전위의 정상치에 관한 연구

이호근,김국기,임영진,김태성,이봉암,임언 대한신경외과학회 1991 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.20 No.8

Electrical stimulation has been used for evaluating central motor system and deep portion of peripheral nerve, but it was painful. And then magnetic stimulation was introduced recently and used widely because it was painless and easily repeated, compared to electrical stimulation. This study was undertaken in order to obtain normal values of motor evoked potentials by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Ninety-two volunteers, free of neurological disease, were tested with Medelec Magstim model 200 and Medelec Mistral. There were 55 male and 37 female, ranging in height from 130 to 180 centimeter, with a mean height of 165.9 centimeter, in age from 13 to 70 years, with a mean age of 34 years. Transcranial magnetic stimulation cause contralateral hand and foot muscle responses, and the resultant motor evoked potentials can be recorded. Stimulating sites were near vertex in head. Erb's point in cervical region and L45 interspace in lumbar region. Recording sites were abductor pollicis brevis(APB) in hand and abductor hallucis(AH) in foot. Our results were as follow ; 1) Latency between head and contralateral APB was 20.9±1.5㎳, latency between cervical region and ipsilateral APB was 11.7±1.1㎳, and there-by CMCT was 9.2±1.1㎳ 2) Latency between head and contralateral AH was 39.0±2.6㎳, latency between lumbar region and ipsilateral AH was 20.9±2.1㎳, and there-by CMCT was 18.1±2.0㎳. 3) Latency was statistically well correlated with subject height, but not CMCT. 4) There was no statistical significance, between male and female, right and left side, among age groups, in latency and CMCT. 5) By voluntary muscle contractions, latency was shortened and amplitude was increased on vertex stimulation, but amplitude only was increased on stimulation of cervical region. 6) By increasing stimulus intensity, latency was shortened and amplitude was increased on vertex stimulation, but amplitude only was increased on stimulation of cervical region.

수막종과 유사한 소견을 보인 경막으로 전이된 신종양 : 증례 보고 A Case Report

이호근,임영진,김태성,김국기,이봉암,임언 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.7

A case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is reported. The tumor had imaging features of meningioma on brain computerized tomography and magnetic resonance.

Self-organized InAs quantum dots grown in a V-groove InGaAs quantum wire

Son, Chang-Sik,Ogura, Mustuo,Sung, Yun Mo,Leem, Si Jong,Kim, Tae Geun WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Physica status solidi. PSS. A, Applications and ma Vol.204 No.9

<P>Self-organized InAs quantum dots (QDs), by the Stranski–Krastanow mode, have been grown by using low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on V-groove GaAs substrates. By adjusting the flow rate of AsH<SUB>3</SUB> during the growth of InAs QDs, a one dimensional InAs QD array was successfully formed along the [0<TEX>$ \bar 1 $</TEX>1] direction only at the bottom of V-grooves. No QDs were observed on the sidewalls and the surface of the mesa top. The InAs QDs took on an oval shape. They were spatially well-isolated along the [0<TEX>$ \bar 1 $</TEX>1] direction with a line density of 3 × 10<SUP>3</SUP> cm<SUP>–1</SUP>. These low-density InAs QDs are expected to be used in areas of quantum information and quantum computing. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</P>

Lactoferrin Protects Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence and Apoptosis

( Soon Yong Park ),( Ae-jin Jeong ),( Geun-young Kim ),( Ara Jo ),( Joo Eon Lee ),( Sun-hee Leem ),( Joung-hahn Yoon ),( Sang Kyu Ye ),( Jin Woong Chung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.10

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a primary candidate for cell therapy applications because they have self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. Although they can be expanded in ex vivo system, clinical application of these cells is still limited because they survive poorly and undergo senescence or apoptosis when transplanted and exposed to environmental factors such as oxidative stress. Thus, reducing oxidative stress is expected to improve the efficacy of MSC therapy. The milk protein lactoferrin is a multifunctional ironbinding glycoprotein that plays various roles, including reduction of oxidative stress. Thus, we explored the effect of lactoferrin on oxidative stress-induced senescence and apoptosis of human MSCs (hMSCs). Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed that lactoferrin inhibited the production of hydrogen peroxide-induced intracellular ROS, suggesting lactoferrin as a good candidate as an antioxidant in hMSCs. Pretreatment of lactoferrin suppressed hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence of hMSCs. In addition, lactoferrin reduced hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via inhibition of caspase-3 and Akt activation. These results demonstrate that lactoferrin can be a promising factor to protect hMSCs from oxidative stress-induced senescence and apoptosis, thus increasing the efficacy of MSC therapy.