Evaluation of sperm number, motility, plasma membrane integrity on different regions of epididymis in Hanwoo bull

Sung-Sik Kang,Ui-Hyung Kim,Myung-Suk Lee,Seok-Dong Lee,Sun-Sik Jang,Ki-Yong Chung,Hyun-Joo Kim,Sang-Rae Cho 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.11

In this study, we examined number, motility and plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa from six regions of epididymis in bull. Six testicles with epididymides were castrated from six bulls (mean±standard error, age of days = 441.3±9.6, body weight (kg) = 367±8.4, scrotal circumference (cm) = 30.7±0.4) at Hanwoo Research Institute, NIAS and transported to laboratory within 1 hour. Testicular weight, length, width and circumference were recorded. Epididymis in each bull was randomly used for recovery of spermatozoa. Epididymis was divided into six regions: efferent duct (ED), caput, corpus, proximal cauda (Pcauda), distal cauda (Dcauda) and vas deferens (VD). In experiment 1, we examined sperm number of each region of epididymis. Each region of epididymis contained different number of spermatozoa: ED (37.8±15.7 × 106cells/ml, 8.2%), caput (93.6±18.8 × 106cells/ml, 20.2%), corpus (33.0±8.5 × 106cells/ml, 7.1%), Pcauda (104.2±23.5 × 106cells/ml, 22.5%), Dcauda (180.5±32.5 × 106cells/ml, 39.0%) and VD (14.0±5.0 × 106cells/ml, 3.0%). In experiment 2, sperm motility of each epididymal region was examined by computer assisted sperm analysis (SCA, MicroOptic) system. Sperm motility was divided into 4 groups (fast progressive, slow progressive, non-progressive and immotile) based on WHO guideline. Percentages of fast progressive of Pcauda and Dcauda (11.0±2.3 and 15.4±3.6%) were significantly higher than that of ED, Caput, Corpus and VD which is 0.1±0.1, 1.5±0.6, 1.9±0.7 and 0.3±0.2%, respectively (p<0.05). In experiment 3, percentage of intact plasma membrane spermatozoa of each regions were examined by hypoosmotic swelling test. Percentages of intact plasma spermatozoa were not significantly different among six regions of epididymis: ED, caput, corpus, Pcauda, Dcauda and VD which is 68.0±8.6, 74.0±5.3, 68.5±6.2, 70.8±5.5, 71.0±5.8 and 64.6±10.8%, respectively. In conclusion, in the present study, we found out distribution, motility and plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa from six regions of epididymis in Hanwoo bull. These results will be contributed to basic research about spermatozoa transportation and characters in epididymis of bull.

Evaluation of antioxidant properties of a new compound, pyrogallol-phloroglucinol

Sung-Myung Kang,Seung-Hong Lee,Soo-Jin Heo,Kil-Nam Kim,You-Jin Jeon 한국영양학회 2011 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.5 No.6

In this study, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of the natural antioxidative compound, pyrogallol-phloroglucinol-6,6"-bieckol (PPB) isolated from brown algae, Ecklonia cava was assessed in vitro by measuring the radical scavenging activities (DPPH, alkyl, hydroxyl, and superoxide) using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity, and DNA damage assay. According to the results of these experiments, the scavenging activity PPB against difference radicals was in the following order: DPPH, alkyl, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals (IC50 0.90, 2.54, 62.93 and 109.05 μM). The antioxidant activities of PPB were higher than that of the commercial antioxidant, ascorbic acid. Furthermore, PPB effectively inhibited DNA damage induced by H2O2. These results suggest that the natural antioxidative compound, PPB, can be used by the natural food industry.

The association between psychiatric factors and the development of chronic dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery.

Kang, Sung Shik,Lee, Jung Sub,Shin, Jong Ki,Lee, Jae Myung,Youn, Bu Hyun Springer-Verlag 2014 European spine journal Vol.23 No.8

<P>Little data are available regarding the influence of psychiatric factors on chronic dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between psychiatric factors and the development of chronic dysphagia in patients after anterior cervical spine surgery.</P>

In vitro Release Characteristics of Nitroglycerin from Microemulsion-Based Hydrogel System for Anal Fissure Treatment

Sang Kil Lee,Hyun Woo Shin,Myung Joo Kang,Seong Wan Cho,Jae Youl Cho,Jae Hwi Lee,Young Wook Choi 한국약제학회 2007 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.37 No.2

Design of Multifunctional Liposomal Nanocarriers for Folate Receptor-Specific Intracellular Drug Delivery

Kang, Min Hyung,Yoo, Hyun Joon,Kwon, Yie Hyuk,Yoon, Ho Yub,Lee, Sang Gon,Kim, Sung Rae,Yeom, Dong Woo,Kang, Myung Joo,Choi, Young Wook American Chemical Society 2015 MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Vol.12 No.12

<P>As a novel carrier for folate receptor (FR)-targeted intracellular delivery, we designed two types of targetable liposomal systems using Pep-1 peptide (Pep1) and folic acid as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and target molecule, respectively. Folate-linked Pep1 (Fol-Pep1) was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and verified using <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and far-ultraviolet (UV) circular dichroism (CD). The chimeric ligand (Fol-Pep1)-modified liposome (cF-P-L) was prepared by coupling Fol-Pep1 to maleimide-derivatized liposomes at various ratios. The dual ligand (folate and Pep1)-modified liposome (dF/P-L) was prepared by separately attaching both ligands to the liposomal surface via a short (PEG<SUB>2000</SUB>) or long (PEG<SUB>3400</SUB>) linker. The physical and conformational characteristics including vesicle size, zeta potential, and the number of conjugated ligands were determined. Intracellular uptake specificities of various fluorescent probe-containing cF-P-L and dF/P-L systems were assessed using FR-positive HeLa and FR-negative HaCaT cells. Cellular uptake behavior was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Internalization was time-dependent. Fol-Pep1 and Pep-1 cytotoxicities were negligible up to 25 μM in FR-positive and FR-negative cells. Empty cF-P-L and dF/P-L were nontoxic at the concentration used. The optimized dF<SUB>3</SUB>/P<SUB>2</SUB>(450/90) system carrying 450 PEG<SUB>3400</SUB>-linked folate and 90 PEG<SUB>2000</SUB>-linked Pep1 molecules could be a good candidate for FR-specific intracellular drug delivery.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2015/mpohbp.2015.12.issue-12/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00399/production/images/medium/mp-2015-00399k_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/mp5b00399'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Peierls instability as the insulating origin of the Na/Si(111)-(3 × 1) surface with a Na coverage of 2/3 monolayers

Kang, Myung Ho,Kwon, Se Gab,Jung, Sung Chul Elsevier 2018 Surface science Vol.669 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to investigate the insulating origin of the Na/Si(111)-(3 × 1) surface with a Na coverage of 2/3 monolayers. In the coverage definition, one monolayer refers to one Na atom per surface Si atom, so this surface contains an odd number of electrons (i.e., three Si dangling-bond electrons plus two Na electrons) per 3 × 1 unit cell. Interestingly, this odd-electron surface has been ascribed to a Mott–Hubbard insulator to account for the measured insulating band structure with a gap of about 0.8 eV. Here, we instead propose a Peierls instability as the origin of the experimental band gap. The concept of Peierls instability is fundamental in one-dimensional metal systems but has not been taken into account in previous studies of this surface. Our DFT calculations demonstrate that the linear chain structure of Si dangling bonds in this surface is energetically unstable with respect to a × 2 buckling modulation, and the buckling-induced band gap of 0.79 eV explains well the measured insulating nature.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DFT calculations predict a Peierls instability of the Na/Si(111)-(3 × 1) surface with a Na coverage of 2/3 monolayers. </LI> <LI> The linear chain of Si dangling-bond atoms undergoes a zigzag buckling modulation. </LI> <LI> The Peierls band-gap opening accounts well for the experimental insulating band structure. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Design of a Pep-1 peptide-modified liposomal nanocarrier system for intracellular drug delivery: Conformational characterization and cellular uptake evaluation

Kang, Myung J.,Kim, Bo G.,Eum, Jae Y.,Park, Sang H.,Choi, Sun E.,An, Jae J.,Jang, Sang H.,Eum, Won S.,Lee, Jaehwi,Lee, Min W.,Kang, Kyungho,Oh, Chil H.,Choi, Soo Y.,Choi, Young W. Informa Healthcare 2011 JOURNAL OF DRUG TARGETING Vol.19 No.7

<P>In order to facilitate the intracellular delivery of macromolecules, Pep-1 peptide-modified liposomal (Pep1-Lipo) nanocarriers were designed and examined for their <I>in vitro</I> cell translocation capability. Pep-1 peptides were coupled via thiol-maleimide linkage to small unilamellar vesicles composed of phosphatidylcholine, Tween 80, and <I>N</I>-[4-(p-maleimidophenyl)butyryl]-phosphatidylethanolamine (MPB-PE). The amount of Pep-1 peptide conjugated to the vesicle was effectively controlled by the amounts of maleimide groups on the vesicular surface, ranging from 70 to 700 molecules per vesicle. Systems were evaluated for cell uptake capacity by monitoring entrapped fluorescence-labeled bevacizumab, a model protein for poorly permeable macromolecule, using confocal microscopy. The novel carriers rapidly bound to the cell membrane and migrated into the cells within 1 ??h, exhibiting better translocation of macromolecules compared to that of conventional liposomes. Cellular uptake of Pep1-Lipo was proportional to the amount of Pep-1 peptide on the liposomal surface. In conclusion, we found that the Pep1-Lipo formulation was a promising nanocarrier system for intracellular delivery of macromolecules.</P>

Effect of Artemisiae Capillaris Herba on Anti-inflammatory Properties in RAW264.7 Cell Line

Kang Seong Yeob,Kim Sung Hoon,Kim Su Myung,Namgoong Uk,Kim Dong Hee The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.6

The present study was performed to examine the possible anti-inflammatory effects of a herbal drug ASCH in RAW264.7 cell line. Inflammation was induced by LPS toxin treatment to RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Increases in cytokine production such as IL-1β, IL-6. and IL-18, COX-2, NOS-Ⅱ (iNOS), and TNF-alpha were observed at mRNA level in the LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Measurement of IL-6, nitric oxide and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed increased production of these inflammation mediators. Treatment of ASCH effectively decreased IL-1β protein in a dose-dependent manner, and IL-6 and IL-18 were reduced at 100㎍/㎖ of ASCH concentration. NO production was also decreased by ASCH treatment. A slight inhibition for TNF-alpha in terms of protein, but not mRNA level was obtained by 100㎍/㎖ of ASCH treatment. ASCH treatment to normal RAW264.7 cells did not produce any cytotoxicity, indicting that the action of ASCH was selective to inflammatory cells. Thus, the present data suggest that ASCH may act as an important regulator to alleviate the inflammatory symptoms.

Folic acid-tethered Pep-1 peptide-conjugated liposomal nanocarrier for enhanced intracellular drug delivery to cancer cells: conformational characterization and in vitro cellular uptake evaluation

Kang, Myung Joo,Park, Sang Han,Kang, Mean Hyung,Park, Min Jung,Choi, Young Wook Dove Medical Press 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.8 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>A novel dual ligand–modified liposome, folic acid-tethered Pep-1 peptide-conjugated liposomal nanocarrier (FP-Lipo), was designed to overcome the nonselectivity of conventional penetrating peptide-tagged nanoparticulates and to provide the advantage of selective targeting of the folic acid receptor, which is frequently overexpressed on epithelial cancer cells.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>FP-Lipo was prepared by a sequential process of formation of a maleimide-derivatized small unilamellar vesicle, postinsertion of distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol 2000–folate to the vesicle, and Pep-1 peptide conjugation via thiol-maleimide linkage. Conformational and physical characteristics of the FP-Lipo nanocarriers were investigated for the extent of Pep-1 peptide and folic acid on the surface, vesicle size, and zeta potential. In vitro cellular uptake behaviors of the novel carrier containing a fluorescein dextran isothiocyanate probe were examined by spectrophotometry or by confocal laser scanning microscopy.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A novel nanocarrier bearing approximately 750 folate ligands and 100 penetrating peptides per vesicle was successfully prepared. The physical properties were as follows: 140 nm in size; 5 mV in zeta potential; less than 0.3 in polydispersity index. An in vitro cellular uptake study revealed that the FP-Lipo nanocarrier system exhibited more than twofold enhanced translocation into the folic acid receptor–positive HeLa cells compared with the single Pep-1 peptide–modified liposome. Meanwhile, its cellular association and internalization into the folic acid receptor–negative normal HaCaT cells was comparable with that of Pep-1 peptide–modified liposome.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>An advanced dual ligand-modified liposome is potentially useful for the treatment of folic acid receptor–positive tumors with high translocation capability of the penetrating peptide–modified liposome.</P>

IgG4-related disease of the rectum

Sung-Bong Choi,Chul-Hyun Lim,Myung-Guen Cha,Won-Kyung Kang 대한외과학회 2016 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.90 No.5

IgG4-related disease is a relatively new disease entity characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and marked infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in lesions. Organ enlargement or nodular lesions consisting of abundant infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells and fibrosis are seen in various organs throughout. We encountered a patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor of the rectum, which was histopathologically confirmed to be an IgG4-related disease. The patient was a 28-year-old woman who had constipation for 3 months. The endoluminal ultrasonography showed a lesion that was heterogeneous and low echogenic in lower rectum. The result of colonoscopic biopsy findings was of chronic proctitis with lymphoid aggregates. For a confirmative diagnosis, excision was performed. Histopathological examination represented plasma cell infiltration and fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed prominence of IgG4-positive plasma cells and confirmed the diagnosis of IgG4-related disease. The patient is currently under observation on low-dose oral prednisolone without relapse.